Climate change and alpine-adapted insects: modelling environmental envelopes of a grasshopper radiation Emily M. Koot, Mary Morgan-Richards, Steven A. Trewick Supplementary material Supplementary material 1 Locations for all of New Zealand’s endemic alpine grasshopper species. Locations were used throughout thesis for mapping distributions, inputting into Ecological Niche Models and generating minimum convex polygons. MPN = Phoenix lab Collection at Massey University, Palmerston North. CPLTR = Crown Pastoral Lease CPLTRs, available from: https://www.linz.govt.nz/crown-property/crown-pastoral-land/status-and-location-crown-pastoral-land. Species Location name Latitude Longitude Reference Alpinacris crassicauda Gouland Downs -40.92 172.34 Bigelow 1967 Lake Sylvester -41.11 172.62 Bigelow 1967 Lead Hills, Boulder Lake -40.89 172.58 Bigelow 1967 Mt Arthur -41.21 172.70 Bigelow 1967 Mt Glasgow, Seddonville -41.61 172.06 Bigelow 1967 Mt Goul -40.94 172.38 Bigelow 1967 Mt Haast -42.34 172.08 Bigelow 1967 Mt Owen -41.53 172.54 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel -41.13 172.58 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel Cobb -41.13 172.58 MPN Mt Roberts, St Arnaud -41.83 172.81 MPN Nelson -41.32 173.27 Bigelow 1967 Paparoa Range -41.89 171.53 Bigelow 1967 Speargrass Creek -41.88 172.76 White 1975 St Arnaud Range -41.84 172.87 Bigelow 1967 Travers Range -41.89 172.76 Bigelow 1967 Victoria Range -42.27 172.14 Bigelow 1967 Alpinacris tumidicauda Allandale Greenvale -45.32 168.63 CPLTR Bold Peak, Lake Hawea -44.85 168.31 Bigelow 1967 Borland Rd Manapouri -45.59 167.38 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.88 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.88 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.87 168.97 MPN Carrick Range -45.16 169.08 Bigelow 1967 Carrick Range, Nevis Rd -45.17 169.08 MPN Cleughearn -45.83 167.40 Bigelow 1967 Coronet Peak -44.93 168.74 CPLTR Courthill, Old Man Range -45.35 169.22 CPLTR Gem Lake -45.57 169.10 Dickinson et al. 1998 Gorge Creek, Old Man Range -45.39 169.20 CPLTR Halfway Bay Station -45.25 168.65 CPLTR Happy Valley -45.20 169.07 CPLTR Hector Mts -45.41 168.77 Bigelow 1967 Jane Peak -45.33 168.34 Mark et al. 1989 Mataura Valley Snowbanks -45.33 168.45 CPLTR Mid Dome -45.58 168.56 Bigelow 1967, Dickinson et al. 1998 Minaret Station -44.42 169.09 CPLTR Mt Alta -44.52 168.95 White 1975 Mt Aurum -44.77 168.63 Bigelow 1967 Mt Benger -45.59 169.25 Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Creighton, Luna Basin -44.92 168.48 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Luna Creek Flats -44.94 168.49 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Minor Peak -44.93 168.46 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Wire Creek -44.90 168.47 CPLTR Mt Eostre, Mt Aspiring Station -44.44 168.86 CPLTR Mt Luxmore -45.39 167.61 Bigelow 1967 Mt Pisa -44.88 169.20 Bigelow 1967 Mt Tennyson -45.45 168.83 Dickinson et al. 1998 Nokomai Range -45.47 168.75 Dickinson et al. 1998 Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.37 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.28 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.32 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.24 169.23 MPN Old Man Range -45.38 169.18 Bigelow 1967 Slate Basin -45.31 168.37 Mark et al. 1989 Snow Farm -44.88 169.09 MPN Southern Old Man Range -45.43 168.20 Dickinson et al. 1998 Symmetry Peaks -45.29 168.58 Mark et al. 1989 Takahe Valley -45.28 167.66 Bigelow 1967 The Larches -44.81 169.15 CPLTR The Larches, Gold Diggings -44.78 169.15 CPLTR The Larches, Luggate Creek -44.80 169.13 CPLTR Walter Peak White Burn -45.22 168.39 CPLTR West Wanaka -44.56 169.00 CPLTR Brachaspis collinus Arthurs Pass National Park -42.93 171.60 Bigelow 1967 Boulder Lake -40.90 172.57 Bigelow 1967 Cupola Basin A -41.97 172.73 White 1975 Cupola Basin B -41.97 172.73 White 1975 Golden Downs -41.61 172.95 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tennyson -42.21 172.74 Bigelow 1967 Lewis Pass -42.38 172.40 Bigelow 1967 Lewis Pass -42.38 172.38 Trewick 2001 Mt Arthur -41.21 172.70 Bigelow 1967 Mt Cupola, Dry Face -42.01 172.77 Batcheler 1967 Mt Cupola, Hut Face -41.99 172.73 Batcheler 1967 Mt Lyford -42.45 173.15 Trewick 2001 Mt Owen -41.53 172.54 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel -41.13 172.59 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel Cobb -41.15 172.60 MPN Mt Percival -42.47 172.93 Bigelow 1967 Mt Robert, St Arnaud -41.84 172.80 Trewick 2001 Mt Robert, St Arnaud -41.85 172.79 MPN Mt St Patrick -42.44 172.73 Bigelow 1967 Rainbow Skifield -41.88 172.86 MPN Rainbow Skifield -41.87 172.86 MPN Rainbow Skifield -41.87 172.86 MPN Richmond Range -41.47 173.41 Bigelow 1967 Six Mile Creek -41.87 172.85 White 1975 Speargrass Creek -41.88 172.76 White 1975 St Arnaud Range -41.84 172.87 Bigelow 1967 St Arnaud Range -41.83 172.88 White 1975 Temple Basin -42.91 171.58 Mason 1971 Travers Range -41.89 172.76 Bigelow 1967 Turk Ridge -42.13 172.75 White 1975 Brachaspis nivalis Arrowsmith -43.37 171.01 Trewick 2001 Arthurs Pass -42.91 171.58 Bigelow 1967 Black Forest Innes Burn -44.47 170.40 Tenure Review Blackbirch Marlborough -41.90 173.68 Bigelow 1967 Cameron Valley, Mt Arrowsmith -43.34 170.97 Bigelow 1967 Camp Stream Saddle, Craigieburn -43.13 171.70 White 1974; 1991 Cass -43.03 171.78 Bigelow 1967 Clarence Valley, Lake Tennyson -42.24 172.77 Bigelow 1967 Craigieburn -43.12 171.68 Mason 1971 Craigieburn -43.12 171.70 Trewick 2001 Craigieburn Range -43.19 171.63 Bigelow 1967 Craigieburn, Broken River Headwaters -43.13 171.67 Watson 1970 Curraghmore, Ballon Stream -44.34 170.54 Tenure Review Curraghmore, Stony River -44.39 170.54 Tenure Review Dee Stream -42.00 173.70 Bigelow 1967 Dee Stream, Bluff Station -42.00 173.76 Trewick & Morris 2008 Double Hill -43.32 171.29 Tenure Review Erewhon Park, Mt Potts Range -43.50 170.90 Tenure Review Erewhon, Cloudy Stream -43.44 170.76 Tenure Review Erewhon, Lizard Valley -43.48 170.89 Tenure Review Ewe Range -44.60 169.92 Patrick 1994 Eweburn -44.96 170.12 Tenure Review Foggy Peak -43.28 171.75 Trewick 2001 Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 Phoenix collection Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 Bigelow 1967 Fox Peak -43.85 170.80 Phoenix collection Glenfalloch, Palmer Range -43.35 171.24 Tenure Review Glenmore -43.74 170.35 Tenure Review Glenrock Holbrook Rollesby Station -44.04 170.58 Tenure Review Glenthorne, Birdwood Range -43.14 171.44 Tenure Review Godley Peak, Hall Range -43.70 170.47 Tenure Review Hawkdun Range -44.83 170.00 Patrick 1994 Hodder Valley, Tapuanuka -41.98 173.63 Bigelow 1967 Hopkins Valley, Lake Ohau -44.17 169.88 Bigelow 1967 Hunter Hills -44.64 170.91 Trewick & Morris 2008 Ida Range -44.94 170.18 Patrick 1994 Invercroy -44.48 170.57 Tenure Review Island Hills Mt Skedaddle -42.68 172.51 Tenure Review Island Hills Mt Skedaddle -42.68 172.51 Tenure Review Island Hills Mt Skedaddle -42.67 172.51 Tenure Review Jagged Stream, Rakaia Valley -43.33 171.04 Bigelow 1967 Kakanui Mountains -45.06 170.38 Patrick 1991 Kirkliston, Basin Stream Headwaters -44.48 170.42 Tenure Review Kirkliston, Hay Stream Headwaters -44.47 170.53 Tenure Review Kowhai River -42.32 173.57 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tekapo -44.02 170.58 Trewick 2001 Lochaber Mt Peel -43.85 171.15 Tenure Review Maitland Stream -44.23 169.72 White 1975 Malte Brun Range -43.61 170.24 White 1975 Manuka Point -43.26 171.19 Tenure Review Mesopotamia Mt Toby -43.68 170.72 Tenure Review Mt Arrowsmtih -43.49 171.11 Tenure Review Mt Buster -44.93 170.22 Patrick 1994 Mt Cook -43.71 170.11 Phoenix collection Mt Cook -43.69 170.11 Bigelow 1967 Mt Cupola -41.99 172.72 Batchelor 1967 Mt Dobson -43.97 170.67 Trewick 2001 Mt Hay, Two Thumbs Range -43.96 170.61 Tenure Review Mt Hutt -43.50 171.54 Phoenix collection Mt Hutt -43.47 171.53 Bigelow 1967 Mt Ida Syndicate -44.84 170.23 Tenure Review Mt Kirkliston -44.55 170.52 Bigelow 1967 Mt Lyford -42.45 173.15 Trewick 2001 Mt Melina Ridge -44.45 169.55 Bigelow 1967 Mt Nimrod -44.44 170.80 Phoenix collection Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 Phoenix collection Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 Phoenix collection Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 Phoenix collection Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 Phoenix collection Mt Patriarch, Richmond Range -41.61 173.23 Phoenix collection Mt St Bathans -44.76 169.80 Trewick 2001 Mt St Patrick -42.44 172.74 Bigelow 1967 Mt Storm, Puteteraki Range -43.14 172.10 Bigelow 1967 Mt Sutton -44.23 169.78 Trewick 2001 Mt Terako -42.45 173.15 Bigelow 1967 Mt Wakefield -43.70 170.13 Bigelow 1967 Pisgah Downs -44.99 170.53 Tenure Review Porter Heights -43.27 171.63 Mason 1971 Porter River -43.29 171.66 Trewick & Morris 2008 Rainbow Skifield -41.87 172.86 Phoenix collection Rangitata Headwaters -43.51 170.82 Bigelow 1967 Red Spur, Mead Stream -41.96 173.76 Trewick & Morris 2008 Richmond, Richmond Range -43.85 170.64 Tenure Review Rocky Top -44.78 170.60 Trewick 2001 Rolleston Range -43.19 171.25 Bigelow 1967 Seaward Kaikouras -42.20 173.72 Bigelow 1967 Shale Peak, Mt Tekoa -42.61 172.64 Bigelow 1967 Speargrass Creek, Travers Range -41.87 172.76 Bigelow 1967 The Grampians -44.27 170.51 Tenure Review The Grampians, Black Rocks -44.33 170.54 Tenure Review Torlesse Range Canterbury -43.28 171.75 Bigelow 1967 Turk Ridge -42.13 172.75 White 1975 Twin Peaks Wether Range -44.58 169.76 Tenure Review Winterslow -43.55 171.34 Tenure Review Paprides dugdali Awakino -44.78 170.36 CPLTR Blue Mountains, nr Clutha -45.90 169.37 Bigelow 1967 Blue Mountains, nr Clutha -45.86 169.43 MPN Castle Dent Run Block -45.77 169.65 CPLTR Ida Range -44.96 170.13 Patrick 1994 Lake Mahinerangi -45.82 169.93 Bigelow 1967 Lammerlaw Top Lake Onslow -45.66 169.64 MPN Lammermoor Range -45.67 169.77 Bigelow 1967 Little Mt Ida -44.96 170.06 CPLTR Lochaber Mt peel -43.85 171.15 CPLTR Loganburn Reservoir -45.54 169.94 Barratt & Patrick 1987 Manuka Point -43.26 171.19 CPLTR Maungatua, Dunedin -45.89 170.10 MPN Mt Anglem, Stewart Is. -46.74 167.92 Bigelow 1967 Mt Benger -45.59 169.25 Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Buster -44.93 170.24 Patrick 1994 Mt Maungatua -45.91 170.09 Bigelow 1967 Mt Prospect -45.42 167.94 CPLTR Mt Teviot -45.59 169.54 MPN Rock Pillar Range -45.57 169.96 MPN Silver Peaks -45.78 170.34 Anonymous 1986 Slate Basin -45.33 168.38 Mark et al. 1989 Slate Range -45.53 168.63 Dickinson et al. 1998 South Rough Ridge -45.40 169.74 Bigelow 1967 South Rough Ridge -45.41 169.74 Patrick 1989 Southern Old Man Range -45.44 169.25 Dickinson et al. 1998 Waikaia Bush -45.53 169.00 Dickinson et al. 1998 Waipora Falls -45.90 169.98 Bigelow 1967 Way Spur -45.30 168.62 Mark et al. 1989 Paprides nitidus Arthurs Pass -42.94 171.57 Bigelow 1967 Arthurs Pass -42.93 171.57 Peterson 1968 Ashburton Gorge -43.63 171.22 Bigelow 1967 Blackbirch Marlborough -41.74 173.81 Bigelow 1967 Cameron Glacier -43.36 171.01 Peterson 1968 Cameron Valley, Wild Mans Range -43.36 171.01 Bigelow 1967 Camp Stream Saddle, Craigieburn -43.13 171.70 White 1974; 1991 Cass -43.03 171.78 Bigelow 1967 Cora Lynn, Mt Horrible -43.03 171.71 CPLTR Craigieburn -43.12 171.70 Mason 1971 Craigieburn Range -43.28 171.68 Bigelow 1967 Craigieburn, Broken River Headwaters -43.12 171.69 Watson 1970 Double Hill -43.32 171.29 CPLTR Dun Mountain -41.35 173.37 Bigelow 1967 Erewhon Park, Grasslands -43.59 170.96 CPLTR Erewhon Park, Mt Potts Range -43.50 170.90 CPLTR Erewhon, Cloudy Stream -43.44 170.76 CPLTR Foggy Peak, Christchurch -43.28 171.75 MPN Fox Peak -43.86 170.81 Peterson 1968 Fox Peak -43.86 170.81 MPN Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 MPN Fox Peak -43.86 170.82 MPN Garnet Peak -42.55 172.41 Peterson 1968 Glenfalloch, Lagoon Peak -43.38 171.24 CPLTR Glenfalloch, Palmer Range -43.35 171.24 CPLTR Glenthorne, Birdwood Range -43.14 171.44 CPLTR Hamilton Peak -43.12 171.70 Peterson 1968 Hanmer Springs -42.49 172.84 Bigelow 1967 Island Hills, Mt Skedaddle -42.67 172.51 CPLTR Kaikouras -42.30 173.53 Bigelow 1967 Lake Pukaki -44.16 170.22 MPN Lake Tennyson -42.20 172.74 Peterson 1968 Lead Hills -40.90 172.57 Peterson 1968 Lead Hills, Boulder Lake -40.89 172.58 Bigelow 1967 Lewis Pass -42.38 172.38 Bigelow 1967 Lewis Pass -42.38 172.38 Peterson 1968 Lewis Pass -42.38 172.39 MPN Lindis Valley -44.75 169.51 MPN Manuka Point -43.26 171.19 CPLTR Mesopotamia -43.68 170.72 CPLTR Mt Arrowsmith -43.49 171.11 CPLTR Mt Arthur -41.20 172.72 Bigelow 1967 Mt Chrome -41.67 173.06 Peterson 1968 Mt Cupola, Dry Face -42.01 172.77 Batcheler 1967 Mt Cupola, Hut Face -42.00 172.74 Batcheler 1967 Mt Fitzwilliam -43.17 171.53 MPN Mt Fitzwilliam -43.17 171.52 MPN Mt Fyffe -42.32 173.59 Peterson 1968 Mt Fyffe -42.32 173.59 MPN Mt Hutt -43.53 171.54 Bigelow 1967 Mt Hutt -43.53 171.54 Peterson 1968 Mt Hutt -43.50 171.54 MPN Mt Hutt -43.52 171.55 MPN Mt Hutt -42.12 172.78 White 1975 Mt Ida, Craigieburn -43.23 171.54 MPN Mt Lyford -42.45 173.15 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Patriarch -41.61 173.23 MPN Mt Peel -41.13 172.58 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel, Canterbury -43.84 171.17 Bigelow 1967 Mt Peel, Cobb -41.14 172.59 MPN Mt Richmond -41.47 173.39 Bigelow 1967 Mt Tekoa -42.67 172.62 Bigelow 1967 Mt Tekoa -42.67 172.63 Peterson 1968 Mt Travers -42.02 172.75 Peterson 1968 Oxford -43.24 172.08 Bigelow 1967 Porter Heights -43.27 171.63 Mason 1971 Porters Pass -43.29 171.75 Peterson 1968 Pukaki Dam -44.19 170.15 MPN Puketeraki Range -43.09 172.08 Bigelow 1967 Rainbow Skifield -41.88 172.86 MPN Rainbow Skifield -41.87 172.86 MPN Rainbow Skifield -41.87 172.86 MPN Rangitata Headwaters -43.51 170.82 Bigelow 1967 Red Hill Nelson -41.13 173.56 Bigelow 1967 Richmond, Camp Stream Coal River -43.81 170.65 CPLTR Rolleston Range -43.17 171.21 Bigelow 1967 St Arnaud Range -41.83 172.89 White 1975 Sugar Loaf Cass -43.04 171.78 MPN Temple Basin -42.91 171.58 Mason 1971 Torlesse Range -43.28 171.82 Bigelow 1967 Travers, St Arnaud Ranges -41.97 172.73 Bigelow 1967 Turk Ridege -42.13 172.75 White 1975 Two Thumb Range -43.99 170.64 Bigelow 1967 Winterslow -43.55 171.34 CPLTR Woodbank -42.55 172.66 CPLTR Sigaus australis Alexandra Airport -45.21 169.36 MPN Alexandra Tailings -45.25 169.37 Morris 2002 Awakino -44.83 170.37 CPLTR Awakino Ski Field -44.78 170.31 MPN Bannockburn Nevis Rd -45.16 169.10 MPN Beaumont -45.70 169.69 CPLTR Ben Ledi -44.99 170.45 CPLTR Ben Ledi -45.05 170.39 CPLTR Ben Ledi -45.00 170.44 CPLTR Ben Nevis -45.18 168.90 CPLTR Ben Ohau, Dobson Valley -43.99 169.99 Bigelow 1967 Black Forest, Lake Benmore -44.42 170.26 CPLTR Black Forest, Stony River -44.40 170.50 CPLTR Branch Creek Mt Cardrona -44.86 168.96 CPLTR Caithness -45.25 170.52 CPLTR Cambrian Hills -44.86 169.70 CPLTR Cameron Valley, Mt Arrowsmith -43.42 170.92 Bigelow 1967 Camp Stream Saddle, Craigieburn -43.13 171.70 White 1974; 1991 Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.86 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.88 168.95 MPN Cardrona -44.88 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.88 168.96 MPN Cardrona -44.87 168.97 MPN Cardrona -44.87 168.97 MPN Castle Dent, Run Block -45.77 169.65 CPLTR Chetwynd, Albury Range -44.16 170.73 CPLTR Chetwynd, Upper Tramway Stream -44.15 170.72 CPLTR Cloudy Peak -44.91 169.54 CPLTR Cloudy Peak, Dry Creek -44.92 169.53 CPLTR Cluden Station, Cluden Pass -44.80 169.71 CPLTR Cluden Station, Dunstan Mountains -44.86 169.60 CPLTR Conical Hill, Routeburn Track -44.72 168.17 MPN Conroys Dam -45.28 169.32 Trewick 2008 Courthill -45.37 169.25 CPLTR Courthill Old Man Range -45.35 169.22 CPLTR Craigieburn -43.14 171.70 Mason 1971 Craigieburn Range -43.20 171.63 Bigelow 1967 Craigieburn Range -43.16 171.67 Trewick 2008 Craigieburn, Broken River Headwaters -43.13 171.67 Watson 1970 Crawford Hills -45.22 169.57 Trewick 2008 Dana Peaks -45.22 167.63 Morris 2003 Dana Peaks -45.23 167.61 Morris 2003 Dana Peaks -45.24 167.60 Morris 2003 Dana Peaks -45.22 167.61 Morris 2003 Dansey District -45.04 170.48 Patrick 1991 Danseys Pass -44.95 170.38 Bigelow 1967 Danseys Pass -44.95 170.37 MPN Danseys Pass -44.95 170.37 Trewick 2008 Deep Creek, Camp Creek -44.71 169.41 CPLTR Domett Downs -44.87 170.40 CPLTR Double Hill -43.32 171.29 CPLTR Duffers Saddle, Nevis Rd -45.17 169.18 MPN Dunstan Range -45.09 169.34 Trewick 2008 Earl Mountains -44.95 167.99 Trewick 2008 Earncleugh -45.24 169.35 Trewick 2008 Earnscleugh Tailings -45.24 169.36 Morris 2002 East Dome -45.61 168.69 Dickinson et al. 1998 Erewhon Park, Mt Potts Range -43.50 170.90 CPLTR Erewhon, Cloudy Stream -43.50 170.77 CPLTR Erewhon, Lizard Gully -43.48 170.89 CPLTR Erewhon, The Point -43.52 170.83 CPLTR Ewe Range -44.60 169.92 Patrick 1994 Flagstaff Hill -45.83 170.46 Trewick 2008 Foggy Peak -43.28 171.75 Trewick 2008 Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 Bigelow 1967 Fox Peak -43.86 170.81 MPN Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 MPN Fox Peak -43.86 170.82 MPN Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 MPN Galloway Station -45.21 169.49 Morris 2002 Gem Lake -45.57 169.11 Dickinson et al. 1998 Gem Lake -45.57 169.10 CPLTR Glen Dene -44.49 169.19 CPLTR Glenaray Station, Dome Hut Ridge -45.57 168.82 CPLTR Glenaray Station, Garvie Mountains -45.52 168.79 CPLTR Glenfalloch, Lagoon Peak -43.38 171.24 CPLTR Glenfalloch, Palmer Range -43.35 171.24 CPLTR Glenfellan -45.45 168.76 CPLTR Glenmore -43.74 170.35 CPLTR Glenorchy, Lake Wakatipu -44.85 168.44 Bigelow 1967 Glenrock -44.11 170.58 CPLTR Glenthorne, Birdwood Range -43.14 171.44 CPLTR Godley Peak, Hall Range -43.69 170.45 CPLTR Gorge Creek -45.38 169.27 CPLTR Gorge Creek, Old Man Range -45.39 169.20 CPLTR Halfway Bay Station -45.19 168.65 CPLTR Happy Valley -45.20 169.07 CPLTR Happy Valley -45.17 169.09 CPLTR Harris Saddle -44.73 168.17 Trewick 2008 Hawkdun Range -44.89 170.05 Patrick 1994 Headlong Peak -44.52 168.58 Watt 1980 Homer Tunnel -44.77 167.99 Morris 2003 Homer Tunnel -44.77 167.99 Morris 2003 Homer Tunnel -44.76 167.99 Morris 2003 Homer Tunnel -44.76 167.99 MPN Hunter Valley -44.27 169.49 Bigelow 1967 Hut Creek -44.89 167.99 Morris 2003 Hut Creek -44.88 167.99 Morris 2003 Hut Creek -44.88 167.99 Morris 2003 Ida Range -44.94 170.19 Patrick 1994 Invercroy -44.56 170.55 CPLTR Invercroy -44.48 170.57 CPLTR Invercroy Bog -44.47 170.56 CPLTR Irishman Creek -44.04 170.34 CPLTR Islay Downs -45.24 170.47 CPLTR Jane Peak -45.33 168.34 Mark et al. 1989 Kakanui Mountains -45.19 170.52 Trewick 2008 Kawarau Gorge Mining Centre -45.04 169.12 MPN Kye Burn Stream -44.95 170.37 Poulin 1995 Kye Burn Stream -44.95 170.37 Poulin 1995 Kyeburn Fraters, Hut Creek -44.84 170.28 CPLTR Kyeburn, Green Gully Catchment -44.88 170.33 CPLTR Lake Dunstan -44.97 169.27 MPN Lake Harris, Routeburn -44.73 168.18 MPN Lake Hawea -44.56 169.37 CPLTR Lake Hawea -44.56 169.36 CPLTR Lake Hawea -44.56 169.40 CPLTR Lake Hawea -44.55 169.44 CPLTR Lake Hawea -44.55 169.44 CPLTR Lake Ohau, Kettle Holes -44.31 169.92 Patrick 1992 Lake Pukaki -44.16 170.22 MPN Lake Te Anau -45.07 167.94 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tekapo -43.94 170.61 Bigelow 1967 Lake Waitaki -44.66 170.42 Bigelow 1967 Lake Wakitipu -44.84 168.31 Bigelow 1967 Lauder Donald Stuarts Creek -44.88 169.67 CPLTR Lindis Pass -44.59 169.65 Bigelow 1967 Lindis Pass -44.58 169.64 MPN Lindis Pass -44.61 169.55 Trewick 2008 Lindis Valley -44.75 169.51 MPN Little Mt Ida -44.96 170.06 CPLTR Little Valley Rd -45.28 169.43 Trewick 2008 Little Valley Rd -45.28 169.43 Trewick 2008 Loch Linnhe Whittens, Sproules Face -45.28 168.88 CPLTR Loch Linnhe, James Peak -45.25 168.85 CPLTR Loch Linnhe, Sproules Creek -45.24 168.84 CPLTR Loch Linnhe, Staircase Creek -45.19 168.82 CPLTR Lochaber, Mt Peel -43.85 171.15 CPLTR Loganburn Reservoir -45.54 169.94 Barratt & Patrick 1987 Long Gully -44.77 169.38 CPLTR Long Gully, Luggate-Tarras Rd -44.77 169.37 CPLTR Longlands Station -45.16 170.39 CPLTR Maitland Stream -44.23 169.72 White 1975 Malte Brun Range -43.55 170.28 White 1975 Manor Burn -45.25 169.56 MPN Manorburn District -45.37 169.64 Patrick 1989 Manuka Point -43.26 171.19 CPLTR Mataura Valley -45.40 168.51 CPLTR Mataura Valley -45.38 168.52 CPLTR Mesopotamia -43.68 170.72 CPLTR Mid Dome -45.59 168.54 Bigelow 1967; Dickinson et al. 1998 Monkey Creek -44.80 168.00 Morris 2003 Mt Algidus -43.25 171.35 Bigelow 1967 Mt Alta -44.54 168.95 White 1975 Mt Arrowsmith -43.49 171.11 CPLTR Mt Aspiring -44.49 168.70 Bigelow 1967 Mt Aspiring Station, Rob Roy Flats -44.51 168.75 CPLTR Mt Aspiring Station, Brides Veil Flat -44.50 168.69 CPLTR Mt Aspiring Station, Glenfinnan Face -44.50 168.82 CPLTR Mt Benger -45.60 169.25 Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Buster -44.94 170.24 Patrick 1994 Mt Cook -43.74 170.09 Bigelow 1967 Mt Creighto,n Craigellachie -44.93 168.58 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Ben More -44.95 168.52 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Ben More -44.95 168.52 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Dead Horse Basin -44.94 168.55 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Luna Basin -44.92 168.48 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Minor Peak -44.93 168.45 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Wire Creek -44.90 168.47 CPLTR Mt Creighton, Wire Creek -44.90 168.47 CPLTR Mt Dasher -45.18 170.50 CPLTR Mt Dobson -43.95 170.66 Trewick 2008 Mt Grand -44.63 169.34 CPLTR Mt Hutt -43.50 171.54 MPN Mt Hutt -43.52 171.55 MPN Mt Hutt -43.50 171.53 White 1975 Mt Ida Syndicate -44.84 170.23 CPLTR Mt John -43.99 170.46 Trewick 2008 Mt Kirkliston -44.53 170.53 Bigelow 1967 Mt Melina -44.45 169.56 Bigelow 1967 Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.60 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Olympus -43.19 171.61 MPN Mt Peel, Canterbury -43.85 171.16 Bigelow 1967 Mt Scott -44.99 168.93 Trewick 2008 Mt St Bathans -44.73 169.75 Bigelow 1967 Mt St Bathans -44.73 169.76 Trewick 2008 Mt St Bathans, Dunstan Creek -44.75 169.72 CPLTR Mt St Bathans, Sawtooth Creek -44.80 169.71 CPLTR Mt Sutton -44.22 169.78 Trewick 2008 Mt Tennyson -45.46 168.82 Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Torlesse, Canterbury -43.27 171.81 Bigelow 1967 Mutton Town Tailings -45.22 169.35 Morris 2002 Nokomai Range -45.50 168.72 Dickinson et al. 1998 North Dunstan -45.00 169.48 MPN Obelisk -45.28 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.34 169.21 CPLTR Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.24 169.23 Trewick 2008 Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.32 169.21 MPN Old Man Range -45.38 169.18 Bigelow 1967 Old Woman Range -45.18 169.07 Trewick 2008 Omahau Downs -44.33 170.19 CPLTR Omahau Hills -44.23 169.95 CPLTR Omarama -44.47 169.90 MPN Omarama, Baldy Knob -44.61 169.97 CPLTR Omarama, Mt St Cuthbert -44.55 169.99 CPLTR Pisa Range -44.88 169.20 Bigelow 1967 Pisgah Downs -44.99 170.73 CPLTR Plateau Creek -45.24 167.53 Morris 2003 Porter Heights -43.27 171.63 Mason 1971 Porters Pass -43.30 171.74 MPN Pukaki Dam -44.19 170.15 MPN Pukaki Dam -44.19 170.15 MPN Queenstown Area -45.05 168.79 Bigelow 1967 Raggedy Range Rd -45.12 169.65 MPN Rangitata -43.71 170.97 Bigelow 1967 Rastus Burn Basin -45.04 168.82 Patrick et al. 1992 Rastus Burn Basin -45.04 168.82 Patrick et al. 1992 Rastus Burn Reserve -45.07 168.82 MPN Rees Valley, Stn Mt Ferguson -44.65 168.55 CPLTR Remarkables -45.05 168.81 Trewick 2008 Remarkables Ski Field -45.03 168.80 MPN Remarkables Ski Field -45.06 168.81 MPN Remarkables Ski Field Rd -45.03 168.80 MPN Richmond Richmond Range -43.85 170.64 CPLTR Rob Roy -44.47 168.73 Trewick 2008 Robrosa Criffel Range Summit -44.83 169.12 CPLTR Robrosa Pisa Tops -44.88 169.18 CPLTR Rock Pillar Ranges -45.42 170.07 Trewick 2008 Rocky Top -44.78 170.30 Trewick 2008 Rolleston Range -43.17 171.21 Bigelow 1967 Rough Ridge -45.32 169.83 Bigelow 1967 Sealy Tarns -43.71 170.08 Trewick 2008 Shag Valley -45.30 170.58 CPLTR Shenley Hakataramea Valley -44.26 170.64 CPLTR Shortlands -45.00 170.34 CPLTR Shortlands -45.00 170.34 CPLTR Shortlands -45.03 170.33 CPLTR Shortlands -44.99 170.34 CPLTR Shortlands -44.99 170.32 CPLTR Silver Hill -44.18 170.76 CPLTR Silver Island -44.45 169.35 Edwards & Logan 1999 Silver Peaks -45.78 170.34 Anonymous 1986 Silverbirch Station -45.61 169.22 CPLTR Simons Hill -44.24 170.30 CPLTR Simons Pass -44.19 170.28 CPLTR Simons Pass -44.23 170.32 MPN Simons Pass, SW Corner -44.23 170.21 CPLTR Slate Basin -45.32 168.38 Mark et al. 1989 Snow Farm -44.88 169.09 MPN Soldiers Syndicate, Boundary stream -44.88 170.16 CPLTR Soldiers Syndicate, Guffies Creek -44.93 170.19 CPLTR Soldiers Syndicate, Long Spur -44.87 170.22 CPLTR Symmetry Peaks -45.29 168.57 Mark et al. 1989 Symmetry Peaks -45.29 168.57 Mark et al. 1989 Takahe Valley -45.28 167.65 Morris 2003 The Dasher Jimmys Creek -45.25 170.55 CPLTR The Dasher, Oteporo Spur -45.21 170.52 CPLTR The Dasher, Siberia Hill -45.16 170.53 CPLTR The Dasher, Siberia Hill -45.16 170.52 CPLTR The Grampians -44.27 170.51 CPLTR The Grampians, Black Rocks -44.33 170.54 CPLTR The Larches -44.81 169.14 CPLTR The Larches, Gold Diggings -44.78 169.15 CPLTR The Larches, Luggate Creek -44.80 169.13 CPLTR The Wandle Rock, Pillar Range -45.38 170.14 CPLTR The Wolds, West Marys Range -44.14 170.24 CPLTR Torlesse Range, Canterbury -43.25 171.82 Bigelow 1967 Torlesse Range, Canterbury -43.26 171.82 MPN Twin Peaks, Unnamed Stream -44.58 169.80 CPLTR Twin Peaks, Wether Range -44.58 169.76 CPLTR Walter Peak, McKinlays Creek -45.16 168.50 CPLTR Walter Peak, White Burn -45.22 168.39 CPLTR Whitecoomb Range -45.64 169.09 Dickinson et al. 1998 Sigaus campestris Allandale -45.32 168.63 CPLTR Bankside Scientific Reserve -43.73 172.16 Emberson et al. 2011 Bannockburn Nevis Rd -45.16 169.10 MPN Beaumont, MacKays Creek -45.65 169.69 CPLTR Beaumont, Northern Block -45.59 169.77 CPLTR Ben Ledi -44.98 170.46 CPLTR Ben Lomond -45.01 168.62 Bigelow 1967 Blue Mts -45.95 169.32 Bigelow 1967 Bold Peak, Lake Hawea -44.49 169.34 Bigelow 1967 Castle Dent, Run Block -45.77 169.95 CPLTR Chetwynd, Albury Range -44.16 170.73 CPLTR Chetwynd, Coal Stream -44.14 170.73 CPLTR Chetwynd, upper Tramway Stream -44.15 170.72 CPLTR Cheviot -42.82 173.29 Bigelow 1967 Clent Hills -43.53 171.19 CPLTR Courthill -45.37 169.25 CPLTR Dansey District -45.04 170.47 Patrick 1991 Danseys Pass -44.95 170.38 Bigelow 1967 Danseys Pass -44.95 170.37 MPN Domett Downs -44.87 170.40 CPLTR East Dome -45.61 168.70 Dickinson et al. 1998 Erewhon, Havelock River Faces -43.45 170.72 CPLTR Erewhon, Park Grasslands -43.56 170.96 CPLTR Flagstaff Hill -45.83 170.46 Trewick 2008 Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 Bigelow 1967 Fox Peak -43.86 170.81 MPN Gem Lake -45.57 169.10 Dickinson et al. 1998 Glenrock -44.11 170.58 CPLTR Gorge Creek -45.38 169.27 CPLTR Grange Hill, Hunter Hills -44.49 170.82 CPLTR Hanmer Springs -42.51 172.83 Bigelow 1967 Hector Mountains -45.34 168.82 Bigelow 1967 Hermitage -43.73 170.09 Bigelow 1967 Hooker Valley -43.70 170.10 Bigelow 1967 Jane Peak -45.33 168.34 Mark et al. 1989 Kaituna -43.74 172.69 Bigelow 1967 Kaiwarua -44.58 170.88 CPLTR Kinross -45.28 170.62 CPLTR Kye Burn Stream -44.95 170.37 Poulin 1995 Lake Forsythe -43.79 172.73 Bigelow 1967 Lake Mahinerangi -45.82 169.93 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tekapo -43.94 170.61 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tekapo -44.00 170.50 MPN Lake Waitaki -44.66 170.42 Bigelow 1967 Lammermoor Range -45.67 169.85 Bigelow 1967 Loch Linnhe Whittens, Sproules Face -45.28 168.88 CPLTR Lochaber, Mt Peel -43.85 171.15 CPLTR Loganburn Reservoir -45.54 169.94 Barratt & Patrick 1987 Manuka Point -43.27 171.23 CPLTR Maryburn -44.20 170.32 CPLTR Mataura Valley -45.39 168.53 CPLTR Maungatua, Dunedin -45.89 170.10 MPN Mid Dome -45.57 168.55 Bigelow 1967; Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Benger -45.60 169.25 Dickinson et al. 1998 Mt Creighton, Minor Peak -44.93 168.44 CPLTR Mt Dasher -45.18 170.50 CPLTR Mt Dobson -43.99 170.69 MPN Mt Gray -42.98 171.99 Bigelow 1967 Mt Hay, nth branch Edward Stream -43.96 170.61 CPLTR Mt Ida, Craigieburn -43.23 171.54 MPN Mt Maungatua -45.88 170.12 Bigelow 1967 Mt Nimrod -44.45 170.82 CPLTR Mt Studholm -44.65 170.92 MPN Mt Teviot -45.59 169.54 MPN Nokomai Range -45.50 168.72 Dickinson et al. 1998 Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.28 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.32 169.21 MPN Obelisk, Old Man Range -45.24 169.23 MPN Old Man Range -45.38 169.23 Trewick 2008 Oxford -43.27 172.17 Bigelow 1967 Parasol Hill -45.72 169.04 Dickinson et al. 1998 Patearoa -45.32 169.96 Allan & McIntosh 1997 Port Hills -43.59 172.71 Bigelow 1967 Purau -43.66 172.76 Bigelow 1967 Rakaia Valley -43.41 171.56 Bigelow 1967 Rangitata Valley -43.73 171.09 Bigelow 1967 Red Tussock Reserve -45.55 168.00 MPN Rees Vally Station, Mt Ferguson -44.67 168.53 CPLTR Richmond Camp Stream Coal River -43.81 170.65 CPLTR Scotsburn -43.92 171.21 CPLTR Seaward Moss -46.43 168.43 Bigelow 1967 Silver Hill -44.18 170.76 CPLTR Silver Peaks -45.78 170.34 Anonymous 1986 Slate Range -45.53 168.63 Dickinson et al. 1998 Sumner -43.60 172.76 Bigelow 1967; Northcroft 1967 Symmetry Peaks -45.29 168.57 Mark et al. 1989 Takitimu Mountains -45.68 167.87 Bigelow 1967 The Dasher, Jimmys Creek -45.25 170.55 CPLTR The Dasher, Siberia Hill -45.16 170.53 CPLTR The Gorge -43.90 171.19 CPLTR Turinui Razorback -45.37 170.72 MPN Turinui Razorback -45.37 170.71 MPN Turinui Razorback -45.37 170.71 MPN Waikaia Bush -45.50 169.09 Dickinson et al. 1998 Wairuna -46.18 169.29 Bigelow 1967 Walter Peak, Head McKinlays Creek -45.16 168.50 CPLTR Walter Peak, McKinlays Creek -45.15 168.58 CPLTR Walter Peak, White Burn -45.22 168.39 CPLTR Wilberforce Valley -43.27 171.42 Bigelow 1967 Sigaus childi Alexandra -45.25 169.37 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Alexandra Tailings -45.25 169.37 Morris 2002 Crawford Hills -45.21 169.49 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Crawford Hills -45.22 169.56 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1997, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Crawford Hills -45.21 169.58 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1998, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Crawford Hills -45.21 169.49 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1999, Jamieson & Manly 1997, Morris 2002 Crawford Hills -45.21 169.55 MPN Earnscleugh -45.22 169.34 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.34 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.23 169.35 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.35 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.23 169.36 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.36 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.35 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.36 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.35 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.25 169.35 Jamieson 1998 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.35 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1998, Morris 2002 Earnscleugh -45.24 169.35 Trewick 2008 Galloway -45.20 169.48 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Galloway -45.22 169.47 Patrick 1989 Graveyard Gully -45.27 169.41 Bigelow 1967 Graveyard Gully -45.26 169.40 Trewick 2008 Graveyard Gully Ridge -45.27 169.40 MPN Litle Valley Rd -45.23 169.48 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.23 169.48 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.24 169.48 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.26 169.49 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.26 169.48 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.27 169.45 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.28 169.44 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.28 169.44 Jamieson 1999a & 1999b Litle Valley Rd -45.25 169.42 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Litle Valley Rd -45.26 169.41 MPN Litle Valley Rd -45.28 169.43 Trewick 2008 Lower Manor Burn -45.24 169.46 MPN Manor Burn -45.25 169.56 MPN Manor Burn Rd -45.25 169.51 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Manor Burn Rd -45.27 169.54 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Manor Burn Rd -45.27 169.56 Jamieson 1999a, 1999b, 1996, Jamieson & Manly 1997 Mutton Town Tailings -45.22 169.35 Morris 2002 Sigaus minutus Ahuriri River, Omarama -44.47 169.94 MPN Black Forest North -44.41 170.41 CPLTR Blackforest -44.37 170.37 MPN Cass River -43.90 170.49 Patrick 1992 Cowans Hill, Tekapo -44.02 170.49 MPN Curraghmore -44.37 170.37 CPLTR Edward Stream -44.05 170.52 Jamieson 1999a Edward Stream -44.06 170.50 MPN Glenmore Tarns Moraine -43.87 170.42 CPLTR Glenmore Tarns Moraine -43.87 170.42 CPLTR Glenmore Tarns Moraine -43.87 170.42 CPLTR Glenmore, Cass River Delta -43.88 170.48 CPLTR Glenrock Station, Sawdon Flats -44.10 170.54 CPLTR Godley Peak, Hazard Range -43.83 170.43 CPLTR Grays Hills -44.28 170.39 Jamieson 1999a Haldon Rd -44.34 170.26 Jamieson 1999a Happy Valley -45.17 169.13 CPLTR Lake Tekapo -43.94 170.61 Bigelow 1967 Lake Tekapo -44.01 170.50 Jamieson 1999a Lake Tekapo -44.02 170.48 Trewick 2008 Maryburn, Tekapo floodplains -44.22 170.35 CPLTR Mt Gerald, The Island -43.77 170.56 CPLTR Mt Hay -43.90 170.60 CPLTR Omahau Downs -44.33 170.19 CPLTR Omahau Hills -44.26 169.95 CPLTR Omarama -44.49 169.97 Jamieson 1999a Omarama, Old Man Creek -44.53 169.97 CPLTR Richmond Coal Creek Washout -43.80 170.58 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.26 170.21 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.25 170.21 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.25 170.23 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.24 170.19 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.23 170.20 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.23 170.20 CPLTR Simons Pass, Pukaki River Terraces -44.22 170.18 CPLTR Tekapo River Terrace -44.02 170.48 Jamieson 1999a Tekapo River Terrace -44.04 170.50 Patrick 1992 Tekapo Riverbed -44.07 170.43 Patrick 1992 The Grampians Snow River -44.22 170.50 CPLTR The Grampians, Mackenzie River -44.18 170.54 CPLTR The Grampians, Snow River -44.22 170.50 CPLTR The Grampians, Snow River -44.22 170.50 CPLTR The Wolds -44.08 170.42 MPN The Wolds, Tekapo river Terraces -44.08 170.42 CPLTR The Wolds, Tekapo River Terraces -44.08 170.42 CPLTR Twin Peaks, Ahuriri Outwash -44.53 169.85 CPLTR Sigaus piliferus Armstrong Saddle -39.78 176.17 MPN Awaawaroa Ridge, Waikaremoana -38.78 177.14 MPN East Kaweka Range -39.28 176.38 MPN Iwikau Village -39.24 175.56 MPN Kaimanawa Range -39.12 175.96 Bigelow 1967 Kauaeranga Valley, Coromandel -37.02 175.70 Bigelow 1967 Kaweka Range -39.29 176.38 Bigelow 1967 Kuripapango Hill -39.40 176.33 MPN Lake Waikaremoana -38.75 177.16 Brock 1980 Lake Waikaremoana -38.75 177.16 MPN Makahu Spur, Kawekas -39.29 176.40 MPN Maungatautari, Cambridge -38.03 175.58 Bigelow 1967 Mt Hikurangi -38.29 178.22 Bigelow 1967 Mt Hikurangi -38.29 178.22 MPN Mt Karioi -37.86 174.80 Trewick & Morris 2008 Mt Piorongio -37.98 175.12 MPN Mt Ruapehu -39.31 175.53 MPN Mt Ruapehu, near Ohakune -39.36 175.47 MPN Ohakune -39.40 175.43 MPN Pirongia Range -38.01 175.14 Trewick & Morris 2008 Pohangina Saddle, Ruahines -39.94 176.11 Bigelow 1967 Pukahunui Valley -38.92 176.65 MPN Rangipo Desert -39.31 175.74 MPN Rangiwahia Hut -39.89 176.02 MPN Rotorua -38.12 176.20 Bigelow 1967 Ruahine Corner Hut -39.63 176.17 MPN Ruahine Range -40.12 175.96 Bigelow 1967 Ruakituri Valley -38.81 177.45 MPN Smith Russell track -39.34 176.32 MPN Taihape-Napier Rd -39.47 176.01 Bigelow 1967 Takarere Rd -39.06 176.54 MPN Tauhara Summit Taupo -38.70 176.16 Bigelow 1967 Te Araroa -37.64 178.36 Trewick & Morris 2008 Tongariro National Park -39.14 175.60 Bigelow 1967 Waihaha River, Lake Taupo -38.74 175.56 Bigelow 1967 Waiouru -39.50 175.75 Bigelow 1967 Waipawa Saddle -39.81 176.15 MPN Whenuakura -38.77 175.64 Trewick & Morris 2008 between Arete & Pukematawai -40.75 175.43 MPN Bridge Peak, Tararuas -40.94 175.27 MPN Mt Hector -40.95 175.28 MPN Mt Holdsworth -40.88 175.42 MPN Tararua Forest Park -40.63 175.52 Bigelow 1967 Tararua Rd, Arete -40.75 175.43 MPN Tararua Rd, Dundas -40.73 175.45 MPN Tararua Rd, Pukematawai -40.75 175.42 MPN Sigaus villosus Craigieburn -43.10 171.71 Mason 1971 Craigieburn -43.13 171.67 Watson 1970 Craigieburn Range, Canterbury -43.15 171.66 Bigelow 1967 Double Hill -43.34 171.28 CPLTR Erewhon Cloudy Stream -43.44 170.76 CPLTR Fox Peak -43.85 170.81 Bigelow 1967 Fox Peak 43.85 170.80 MPN Fox Peak 43.84 170.79 MPN Glenfalloch, Palmer Range -43.35 171.24 CPLTR Glenthorne -43.15 171.45 CPLTR Hodder Valley, Tapuanuka -41.98 173.64 Bigelow 1967 Mesopotamia, Two Thumbs Range -43.68 170.70 CPLTR Mt Arrowsmith -43.49 171.11 CPLTR Mt Binser -43.03 171.86 Bigelow 1967 Mt Dobson -43.93 170.66 MPN Mt Dobson -43.94 170.67 Trewick 2008 Mt Hamilton -43.58 170.33 Bigelow 1967 Mt Hutt -43.49 171.54 MPN Porter Heights -43.27 171.63 Mason 1971 Porter Heights Ski Field -43.27 171.64 MPN Richmond, Richmond Range -43.86 170.66 CPLTR Torlesse Range, Canterbury -43.26 171.83 Bigelow 1967 Wild Mans Brother Range -43.39 171.01 Bigelow 1967 References: Allen, R. B., & McIntosh, P. D. (1995). Guidelines for conservation of salt pans in Central Otago. Science for conservation No. 49. Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand. Barrett, B. I. P. & Patrick, B. H. (1987). Insects of snow tussock grassland on the East Otago plateau. New Zealand Entomologist, 10(1): 69-98. Batcheler, C. L. (1967). Preliminary observations of alpine grasshoppers in a habitat modified by deer and chamois. Proceedings of the New Zealand Ecological Society, 14:15-26. Bigelow, R. S. (1967). The grasshoppers (Acrididae) of New Zealand; their taxonomy and distribution. University of Canterbury Publications, Christchurch, New Zealand. Brock, R. L. (1980). Some records of butterflies, grasshoppers, and crickets in the Urewera National Park. New Zealand Entomologist, 7(2), 150-151. Dickinson, K. J. M., Mark, A. F., Barratt, B. I. P. & Patrick, B. H. (1998). 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New Zealand Journal of Agriculture Research, 18(1): 73-85. White, E. G. (1974). A quantitative biology of three New Zealand alpine grasshopper species. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture Research, 17(2): 207-227 Supplementary material 2 The 21 predictor variables initially investigated for use in the Ecological Niche Models. This list was refined to nine variables following a Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) analysis, with variables retained for modelling shaded in grey. Variable Code Variable Description Bio1 Annual mean temperature Bio2 Mean diurnal range (Mean of monthly (max temp - min temp)) Bio3 Isothermality (BIO2/BIO7) (* 100) Bio4 Temperature seasonality (standard deviation *100) Bio5 Max temperature of warmest month Bio6 Min temperature of coldest month Bio7 Temperature annual range (BIO5-BIO6) Bio8 Mean temperature of wettest quarter Bio9 Mean temperature of driest quarter Bio10 Mean temperature of warmest quarter Bio11 Mean temperature of coldest quarter Bio12 Annual precipitation Bio13 Precipitation of wettest month Bio14 Precipitation of driest month Bio15 Precipitation seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) Bio16 Precipitation of wettest quarter Bio17 Precipitation of driest quarter Bio18 Precipitation of warmest quarter Bio19 Precipitation of coldest quarter Soil Fundamental soil layers of New Zealand Vege Vegetative cover of New Zealand Supplementary material 3 The four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) trajectories proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Trajectories are based on four greenhouse gas concentration scenarios, which are estimated on whether emissions are reduced or not, and when they will be reduced, before the year 2090 (2081 – 2100). Climate Change Scenario Mean Temperature Increase (°C) Temperature Increase Range (°C) RCP2.6 1.0 0.3 – 1.7 RCP4.5 1.8 1.1 – 2.6 RCP6.0 2.2 1.4 – 3.1 RCP8.5 3.7 2.6 – 4.8 Supplementary material 4 A summary of the presence and absence data used in the niche modelling analysis for each species, including: number of raw presence and absence points, number of clean presence and absence points, number of training presence and absence points and the number of test presence and absence points. Species  Number of raw presence points  Number of raw absence points  Number of clean presence points  Number of clean absence points  Number of training presence points  Number of training absence points  Number of test presence points  Number of test absence points  A. crassicauda  17 963 16 933 13 746 3 187 A. tumidicauda  49 931 49 900 39 720 10 180 B. collinus  30 950 30 919 24 735 6 184 B. nivalis  107 873 93 856 74 685 19 171 P. dugdali  29 951 29 920 23 736 6 184 P. nitidus  94 886 91 858 73 686 18 172 S. australis  284 696 278 671 222 537 56 134 S. campestris  100 880 100 849 80 679 20 170 S. childi  41 939 41 908 33 726 8 182 S. minutus  46 934 40 909 32 727 8 182 S. piliferus  46 934 45 901 36 721 9 180 S. villosus  23 957 23 926 18 741 5 185 Supplementary material 5 R scripts applied in this study. ###################### ### BIOMOD2 SCRIPT### ###################### library(reshape) library(biomod2) library(gam) library(rgdal) library(raster) library(sp) DataSpecies<-read.csv("Presence.data.csv") myRespName<-"Species" myResp<-as.numeric(DataSpecies[,"Species"]) myRespXY<-DataSpecies[,c('Longitude','Latitude')] layers<-list.files(path='path/Current Env Layers',pattern='tif$',full.names=TRUE) layers myExpl=raster::stack(layers) myBiomodData<-BIOMOD_FormatingData(resp.var=myResp,expl.var=myExpl,resp.xy=myRespXY,resp.name=myRespName) myBiomodData Print_Default_ModelingOptions() myBiomodOption<-BIOMOD_ModelingOptions(GLM = list( type = 'quadratic', interaction.level = 0, myFormula = NULL, test = 'AIC', family = binomial(link = 'logit'), mustart = 0.5, control = glm.control(epsilon = 1e-08, maxit = 50, trace = FALSE) ), GBM = list( distribution = 'bernoulli', n.trees = 2500, interaction.depth = 7, n.minobsinnode = 5, shrinkage = 0.001, bag.fraction = 0.5, train.fraction = 1, cv.folds = 3, keep.data = FALSE, verbose = FALSE, perf.method = 'cv'), GAM = list( algo = 'GAM_mgcv', type = 's_smoother', k = -1, interaction.level = 0, myFormula = NULL, family = binomial(link = 'logit'), method = 'GCV.Cp', optimizer = c('outer','newton'), select = FALSE, knots = NULL, paraPen = NULL, control = list(nthreads = 1, irls.reg = 0, epsilon = 1e-07, maxit = 200, trace = FALSE, mgcv.tol = 1e-07, mgcv.half = 15, rank.tol = 1.49011611938477e-08, nlm = list(ndigit=7, gradtol=1e-06, stepmax=2, steptol=1e-04, iterlim=200, check.analyticals=0), optim = list(factr=1e+07), newton = list(conv.tol=1e-06, maxNstep=5, maxSstep=2, maxHalf=30, use.svd=0), outerPIsteps = 0, idLinksBases = TRUE, scalePenalty = TRUE, keepData = FALSE) ), CTA = list( method = 'class', parms = 'default', cost = NULL, control = list(xval = 5, minbucket = 5, minsplit = 5, cp = 0.001 , maxdepth = 25) ), ANN = list( NbCV = 5, size = NULL, decay = NULL, rang = 0.1, maxit = 200), SRE = list( quant = 0.025), FDA = list( method = 'mars'), MARS = list( degree = 2, nk = NULL, penalty = 2, thresh = 0.001, prune = TRUE), RF = list( do.classif = TRUE, ntree = 500, mtry = 'default', nodesize = 5, maxnodes = NULL), MAXENT.Phillips = list( path_to_MAXENT.Phillips.jar = 'path/maxent.jar', memory_allocated = 512, maximumiterations = 200, visible = FALSE, linear = TRUE, quadratic = TRUE, product = TRUE, threshold = TRUE, hinge = TRUE, lq2lqptthreshold = 80, l2lqthreshold = 10, hingethreshold = 15, beta_threshold = -1, beta_categorical = -1, beta_lqp = -1, beta_hinge = -1, defaultprevalence = 0.5)) myBiomodOption myBiomodModelOut<-BIOMOD_Modeling( myBiomodData, models=c('GLM','GBM','GAM','CTA','ANN','SRE','FDA','MARS','RF','MAXENT.Phillips'), models.options = myBiomodOption, NbRunEval = 3, DataSplit=80, Prevalence = 0.5, VarImport = 3, models.eval.meth = c('ROC','TSS'), SaveObj = TRUE, rescal.all.models = TRUE, do.full.models = FALSE, modeling.id = paste(myRespName,'FirstModeling',sep='')) myBiomodModelOut myBiomodModelEval<-get_evaluations(myBiomodModelOut) dimnames(myBiomodModelEval) myBiomodModelEval['ROC',"Testing.data",,,] myBiomodModelEval['TSS',"Testing.data",,,] modelscores <- models_scores_graph( myBiomodModelOut, by = 'models', metrics = c('ROC','TSS') ) get_variables_importance(myBiomodModelOut) ##Ensemble modeling - chose evaluation metric myBiomodEM<-BIOMOD_EnsembleModeling( modeling.output = myBiomodModelOut, chosen.models = 'all', em.by = 'all', eval.metric = c('ROC'), eval.metric.quality.threshold =c(0.9), prob.mean=T, prob.cv=T, prob.ci=T, prob.ci.alpha=0.05, prob.median=T, committee.averaging = T, prob.mean.weight = T, prob.mean.weight.decay = 'proportional') myBiomodEM get_evaluations(myBiomodEM) ##PROJECTION - choose binary/filtered method - can add "filtered.meth='TSS'," myBiomodProj<-BIOMOD_Projection( modeling.output=myBiomodModelOut, new.env = myExpl, proj.name='current', selected.models = 'all', binary.meth = 'ROC', compress='TRUE', build.clamping.mask=FALSE) myBiomodProj myCurrentProj<-get_predictions(myBiomodProj) myCurrentProj ##Can then do future projections FutureLayers<-list.files(path='LGM',pattern='tif',full.names=TRUE) FutureLayers myExplFuture=stack(FutureLayers) myBiomodModelOut myBiomodProjFuture<-BIOMOD_Projection(modeling.output = myBiomodModelOut, new.env = myExplFuture, proj.name = 'future', selected.models = 'all', binary.meth = 'ROC', compress = 'xz', clamping.mask=TRUE, output.format='.grd') myFutureProj<-get_predictions(myBiomodProjFuture) myFutureProj ##Ensemble Forcasting Current myBiomodEF <- BIOMOD_EnsembleForecasting(EM.output = myBiomodEM, projection.output = myBiomodProj) myBiomodEF myBiomodEFgraph<-get_predictions(myBiomodEF) names(myBiomodEFgraph) plot(yBiomodEFgraph) ##Ensemble Forcasting (2070 RCP2.6) FutureLayers26<-list.files(path='2.6',pattern='tif',full.names=TRUE) FutureLayers26 myExplFuture26=stack(FutureLayers26) myBiomodModelOut myBiomodProjFuture26<-BIOMOD_Projection(modeling.output = myBiomodModelOut, new.env = myExplFuture26, proj.name = 'future2', selected.models = 'all', binary.meth = 'ROC', compress = 'xz', clamping.mask=TRUE, output.format='.grd') myFutureProj26<-get_predictions(myBiomodProjFuture26) myFutureProj26 myBiomodEFfuture26<- BIOMOD_EnsembleForecasting(EM.output = myBiomodEM, projection.output = myBiomodProjFuture26) myBiomodEFfuture26 myBiomodEFfuturegraph26<-get_predictions(myBiomodEFfuture26) names(myBiomodEFfuturegraph26) plot(myBiomodEFfuturegraph26) ##Ensemble Forcasting (2070 RCP8.5) FutureLayers85<-list.files(path='8.5',pattern='tif',full.names=TRUE) FutureLayers85 myExplFuture85=stack(FutureLayers85) myBiomodModelOut myBiomodProjFuture85<-BIOMOD_Projection(modeling.output = myBiomodModelOut, new.env = myExplFuture85, proj.name = 'future5', selected.models = 'all', binary.meth = 'ROC', compress = 'xz', clamping.mask=TRUE, output.format='.grd') myFutureProj85<-get_predictions(myBiomodProjFuture85) myFutureProj85 myBiomodEFfuture85<- BIOMOD_EnsembleForecasting(EM.output = myBiomodEM, projection.output = myBiomodProjFuture85) myBiomodEFfuture85 myBiomodEFfuturegraph5<-get_predictions(myBiomodEFfuture85) names(myBiomodEFfuturegraph85) plot(myBiomodEFfuturegraph85) ##Estimate change in range currentPred<-raster("Species/Species/proj_current/proj_current_Species_ROCbin.grd") future2Pred <- raster("Species/Species/proj_future2/proj_future2_Species_ROCbin.grd") future5Pred<-raster("Species/Species/proj_future5/proj_future5_Species_ROCbin.grd") breaks=c(-0,1) cols=rep("grey87",1) cols[2]="steelblue4" plot(currentPred,c(7),xlim=c(165,180),ylim=c(-48,-34),col=cols) myBiomodRangeSize26 <- BIOMOD_RangeSize( CurrentPred=currentPred, FutureProj=future26Pred) myBiomodRangeSize26$Compt.By.Models plot(myBiomodRangeSize26$Diff.By.Pixel,col=cols) myBiomodRangeSize85 <- BIOMOD_RangeSize( CurrentPred=currentPred, FutureProj=future85Pred) myBiomodRangeSize85$Compt.By.Models plot(myBiomodRangeSize85$Diff.By.Pixel,col=cols) ##PATCHSTATS library(SDMTools) library(igraph) library(raster) library(xlsx) library(openxlsx) currentPred2<-raster("Species/Species/proj_current/proj_current_Species_ROCbin.grd") one<-clump(currentPred2,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) f<-freq(one) f<-as.data.frame(f) str(which(f$count<=100)) str(f$value[which(f$count<=100)]) excludeID<-f$value[which(f$count<=100)] formaskSieve<-one formaskSieve[one %in% excludeID]<-NA maskfreq<- freq(formaskSieve) hist(maskfreq) values(formaskSieve)[values(formaskSieve)>0]<-1 summary(formaskSieve) formaskSieve one<-clump(formaskSieve,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) cl.data1=ClassStat(formaskSieve,bkgd=NA) cl.data1 write.xlsx(cl.data1, "Species Current classstat.xlsx") future2Pred <- raster("Species/Species/proj_future2/proj_future2_Species_ROCbin.grd") one<-clump(future2Pred,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) f<-freq(one) f<-as.data.frame(f) str(which(f$count<=100)) str(f$value[which(f$count<=100)]) excludeID<-f$value[which(f$count<=100)] formaskSieve<-one formaskSieve[one %in% excludeID]<-NA maskfreq<- freq(formaskSieve) hist(maskfreq) values(formaskSieve)[values(formaskSieve)>0]<-1 summary(formaskSieve) formaskSieve one<-clump(formaskSieve,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) cl.data1=ClassStat(formaskSieve,bkgd=NA) cl.data1 write.xlsx(cl.data1, "Species rcp26 classstat.xlsx") future5Pred <- raster("Species/Species/proj_future5/proj_future5_Species_ROCbin.grd") one<-clump(future5Pred,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) f<-freq(one) f<-as.data.frame(f) str(which(f$count<=100)) str(f$value[which(f$count<=100)]) excludeID<-f$value[which(f$count<=100)] formaskSieve<-one formaskSieve[one %in% excludeID]<-NA maskfreq<- freq(formaskSieve) hist(maskfreq) values(formaskSieve)[values(formaskSieve)>0]<-1 summary(formaskSieve) formaskSieve one<-clump(formaskSieve,directions=8,gaps=FALSE) cl.data1=ClassStat(formaskSieve,bkgd=NA) cl.data1 write.xlsx(cl.data1, "Species rcp85 classstat.xlsx") Supplementary material 6. Flowchart of the Ecological Niche Modelling method applied in this study (with the exception of modelling past environmental conditions). Supplementary material 7. The two model evaluation metrics (Reciever Operating Characteristic (ROC) and True Skill Statistic (TSS)) of the ten modelling methods implemented during the Ecological Niche Modelling (ENMs) analyses, averaged across three runs for each species. Model evaluation scores for the final Ensemble Model Weighted Mean model (EMwm) are also included. ROC values of 0.9–1 and TSS values of 0.8–1 are considered to have ‘excellent’ predictive accuracy. Cutoff values are thresholds that maximise the percentage of presences and absences correctly predicted by the model. These are used to transform vectors of probabilities (i.e. the initial ENMs) into binary vectors for range change and fragmentation statistical analyses. Sensitivity (Sens.) is the percentage of presences correctly predicted by the EMwm model and Specificity (Spec.) is the number of absences correctly predicted by the EMwm model. Cells shaded a darker purple indicate highest model evaluation scores, with white indicating evaluation scores of 85 or less. Species Evaluation Method Modelling Method Ensemble Model Cutoff (Sens.;Spec.) GLM GBM GAM CTA ANN SRE FDA MARS RF MAXENT A. crassicauda ROC 0.96 0.99 0.61 0.96 0.97 0.60 0.96 0.76 0.91 0.98 1.00 573.5 (100; 98) TSS 0.95 0.97 0.22 0.91 0.90 0.20 0.92 0.54 0.84 0.97 0.98 A. tumidicauda ROC 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.89 0.90 0.84 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.94 0.97 390.5 (100; 88) TSS 0.78 0.75 0.83 0.80 0.77 0.68 0.78 0.79 0.78 0.81 0.88 B. collinus ROC 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.90 0.96 0.76 0.98 0.95 0.97 0.97 0.99 531.5 (100; 97) TSS 0.95 0.95 0.93 0.80 0.87 0.52 0.92 0.90 0.92 0.91 0.97 B. nivalis ROC 0.86 0.84 0.87 0.77 0.75 0.76 0.84 0.84 0.83 0.64 0.94 350.5 (96; 77) TSS 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.54 0.48 0.51 0.60 0.61 0.57 0.24 0.72 P. dugdali ROC 0.84 0.93 0.91 0.83 0.80 0.65 0.90 0.89 0.92 0.95 0.99 495 (100; 94) TSS 0.64 0.81 0.75 0.65 0.57 0.30 0.76 0.77 0.85 0.87 0.94 P. nitidus ROC 0.89 0.90 0.85 0.88 0.82 0.82 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.95 287 (99; 84) TSS 0.79 0.78 0.65 0.76 0.60 0.64 0.74 0.79 0.75 0.81 0.83 S. australis ROC 0.83 0.84 0.80 0.77 0.79 0.71 0.81 0.82 0.82 0.80 0.92 536.5 (80; 85) TSS 0.55 0.56 0.53 0.53 0.49 0.41 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.50 0.65 S. campestris ROC 0.78 0.74 0.74 0.66 0.69 0.58 0.74 0.72 0.75 0.74 0.93 471.5 (86; 85) TSS 0.49 0.47 0.43 0.37 0.32 0.15 0.43 0.43 0.48 0.44 0.71 S. childi ROC 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.95 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.91 1.00 511.5 (100; 99) TSS 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.93 0.98 0.91 0.95 0.98 0.99 0.80 0.99 S. minutus ROC 0.95 0.97 0.93 0.90 0.95 0.83 0.95 0.94 0.97 0.95 0.99 408.5 (100; 92) TSS 0.86 0.92 0.82 0.79 0.85 0.66 0.85 0.88 0.92 0.86 0.93 S. piliferus ROC 0.95 0.96 NA 0.88 0.64 0.88 0.96 0.94 0.97 0.84 0.99 523.5 (100; 97) TSS 0.86 0.85 NA 0.76 0.60 0.75 0.84 0.88 0.90 0.67 0.97 S. villosus ROC 0.94 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.94 0.82 0.93 0.90 0.93 0.97 0.99 420.5 (100; 96) TSS 0.88 0.90 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.64 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.89 0.96 Supplementary material 8 Predictor variable importance scores reported as percentages of total probability scores for each species for each modelling method. Cells shaded dark purple indicate highest predictor variable importance scores, with white indicating less important predictor variable scores.     Species  Predictor Variable  Modelling method  GLM  GBM  GAM  CTA  ANN  SRE  FDA  MARS  RF  MAXENT  EMwm  A. crassicauda  Annual mean temp.   17.3  0.9  25.3  5.1  14.2  5.2  1.1  15.4  2.2  0.0  8.7  Mean diurnal range  18.5  51.3  37.8  73.2  17.1  28.9  57.3  28.7  41.8  79.5  43.4  Isothermality  7.0  1.7  0.0  0.0  2.2  3.7  3.6  23.2  14.8  3.0  5.9  Mean temp. wettest 1/4  8.3  3.2  22.8  0.0  13.0  5.6  8.4  13.7  9.7  0.0  8.5  Mean temp. driest 1/4  20.6  6.4  0.0  7.7  19.3  13.3  0.0  0.0  5.2  0.0  7.2  Precipitation driest month  11.3  27.0  7.2  13.9  12.2  18.1  13.9  12.9  18.8  12.0  14.7  Precipitation seasonality  9.7  5.3  0.0  0.0  5.7  15.0  0.0  0.0  1.8  3.7  4.1  Vege  3.8  0.6  0.0  0.0  8.8  1.1  11.2  4.1  4.6  0.5  3.5  Soil  3.4  3.6  7.0  0.0  7.5  9.2  4.5  2.1  1.1  1.3  4.0                            A. tumidicauda  Annual mean temp.   14.2  8.3  53.5  0.0  14.9  13.3  41.3  39.6  24.8  8.2  21.8  Mean diurnal range  36.0  7.7  13.9  0.0  6.4  18.7  7.4  20.0  8.5  23.4  14.2  Isothermality  5.1  0.1  7.6  0.0  0.4  2.2  2.5  5.0  2.9  4.3  3.0  Mean temp. wettest 1/4  0.9  7.4  0.0  0.0  14.9  11.2  18.2  1.6  11.0  2.2  6.7  Mean temp. driest 1/4  0.9  18.6  0.0  0.6  23.3  19.1  18.3  11.1  12.0  1.6  10.6  Precipitation driest month  35.4  37.9  8.1  44.1  14.0  16.7  11.9  17.5  12.2  35.0  23.3  Precipitation seasonality  4.6  18.4  16.9  55.4  8.3  13.8  0.4  0.7  13.5  21.1  15.3  Vege  0.3  0.2  0.0  0.0  12.7  1.3  0.0  0.5  8.9  4.0  2.8  Soil  2.5  1.3  0.0  0.0  5.2  3.7  0.0  3.9  6.3  0.2  2.3                                                      B. collinus  Annual mean temp.   26.5  21.5  25.5  1.1  26.2  12.1  9.2  17.4  8.4  11.5  15.9  Mean diurnal range  21.0  67.2  64.2  98.9  22.9  19.8  7.6  45.1  57.6  42.9  44.7  Isothermality  0.0  0.6  0.0  0.0  2.9  9.3  0.9  1.7  3.0  3.0  2.1  Mean temp. wettest 1/4  4.3  1.4  0.0  0.0  9.7  9.6  43.2  0.3  6.4  18.5  9.3  Mean temp. driest 1/4  20.4  0.4  0.0  0.0  24.7  15.4  0.0  0.0  3.9  0.0  6.5  Precipitation driest month  8.3  6.2  0.0  0.0  5.5  14.8  5.5  0.0  3.7  14.1  5.8  Precipitation seasonality  15.0  0.9  0.0  0.0  1.6  17.1  1.5  24.4  4.8  4.2  6.9  Vege  4.3  1.2  10.3  0.0  4.8  0.9  32.2  5.7  10.6  1.8  7.2  Soil  0.2  0.7  0.0  0.0  1.7  1.1  0.0  5.4  1.6  4.0  1.5                            B. nivalis  Annual mean temp.   6.4 8.4 7.9 0.0 19.1 10.6 1.4 0.9 15.7 15.3 8.6 Mean diurnal range  3.6 2.3 4.3 0.5 0.6 13.3 3.8 16.1 4.0 6.1 5.4 Isothermality  69.2 53.4 53.7 96.3 0.8 13.4 84.6 36.9 31.4 18.9 45.9 Mean temp. wettest 1/5  6.2 6.6 7.3 0.0 25.3 5.9 0.0 8.1 9.7 16.5 8.5 Mean temp. driest 1/5  4.2 5.6 6.6 0.0 19.5 12.9 0.0 0.0 12.5 8.5 7.0 Precipitation driest month  1.2 3.2 2.0 0.0 8.3 10.7 7.7 7.1 15.5 16.7 7.2 Precipitation seasonality  0.0 1.8 7.9 0.3 3.8 9.7 0.7 10.3 3.8 6.8 4.5 Vege  0.5 4.9 0.8 1.8 9.5 8.1 0.0 12.9 3.7 4.7 4.7 Soil  8.8 13.8 9.6 1.2 13.1 15.5 1.8 7.8 3.7 6.6 8.2                           P. dugdali  Annual mean temp.   11.7  9.1  0.0  16.2  14.6  19.2  0.4  25.7  25.9  6.3  12.9  Mean diurnal range  17.7  17.1  4.2  7.8  6.3  17.1  6.6  1.8  3.5  12.1  9.4  Isothermality  1.7  0.1  0.0  0.0  3.6  3.1  0.0  0.0  3.0  0.8  1.2  Mean temp. wettest 1/6  6.7  9.2  17.9  8.1  15.1  10.0  13.5  26.8  18.9  2.3  12.8  Mean temp. driest 1/6  21.2  27.3  5.4  26.6  15.6  17.4  33.7  4.3  17.2  29.5  19.8  Precipitation driest month  23.3  26.7  4.6  16.8  19.2  20.1  18.1  23.1  11.6  20.6  18.4  Precipitation seasonality  10.1  8.7  67.9  17.4  11.9  9.8  27.7  13.5  16.0  26.4  20.9  Vege  4.8  1.3  0.0  7.2  8.3  0.2  0.0  0.9  1.7  0.4  2.5  Soil  2.7  0.5  0.0  0.0  5.5  3.1  0.0  4.0  2.2  1.6  1.9                            P. nitidus  Annual mean temp.   14.6  25.5  42.7  30.2  23.8  9.3  25.4  27.7  18.8  25.0  24.3  Mean diurnal range  11.6  24.3  13.8  26.5  6.7  10.8  14.1  4.4  16.4  7.4  13.6  Isothermality  23.2  2.0  3.3  0.0  0.3  9.2  7.4  13.8  7.6  14.3  8.1  Mean temp. wettest 1/7  0.7  3.4  0.0  0.0  12.5  13.9  0.0  0.8  9.0  6.9  4.7  Mean temp. driest 1/7  33.3  32.3  40.2  42.9  28.3  21.6  36.0  25.0  32.2  17.8  31.0  Precipitation driest month  2.3  1.6  0.0  0.0  13.2  11.1  4.7  9.3  5.3  3.1  5.1  Precipitation seasonality  13.6  9.7  0.0  0.4  7.2  17.4  10.1  18.7  5.0  21.3  10.4  Vege  0.2  0.9  0.0  0.0  4.8  4.4  0.0  0.0  1.1  1.8  1.3  Soil  0.5  0.3  0.0  0.0  3.2  2.3  2.3  0.3  4.6  2.4  1.6                                                                                S. australis  Annual mean temp.   42.3  33.2  69.0  25.6  23.7  10.5  61.7  42.3  29.6  11.3  34.9  Mean diurnal range  36.5  20.1  17.9  0.0  9.0  22.3  11.3  21.7  15.9  31.3  18.6  Isothermality  9.0  1.6  2.1  0.0  0.5  11.7  0.3  6.2  2.3  8.1  4.2  Mean temp. wettest 1/7  0.0  0.8  0.0  2.3  15.0  5.1  7.4  6.4  4.7  0.7  4.3  Mean temp. driest 1/7  11.9  27.7  8.0  37.6  25.0  23.7  9.2  11.7  20.7  10.0  18.6  Precipitation driest month  0.0  3.1  0.0  0.0  7.4  7.9  4.8  1.4  8.9  16.2  5.0  Precipitation seasonality  0.0  11.6  0.0  27.9  4.5  6.8  0.0  4.3  11.7  3.6  7.1  Vege  0.3  1.4  3.0  4.0  8.8  1.8  5.4  3.9  3.8  16.8  4.9  Soil  0.0  0.5  0.0  2.5  5.9  10.1  0.0  2.1  2.4  1.8  2.5                            S. campestris  Annual mean temp.   11.1  8.8  0.0  9.6  14.8  12.5  20.7  23.1  12.0  18.8  13.1  Mean diurnal range  25.5  19.3  19.6  28.1  7.1  18.9  13.6  11.8  13.4  13.2  17.1  Isothermality  2.9  0.6  22.7  0.6  1.5  6.2  9.1  8.9  2.6  5.1  6.0  Mean temp. wettest 1/8  0.5  2.6  1.9  5.8  17.3  10.8  15.1  7.6  13.6  8.0  8.3  Mean temp. driest 1/8  4.0  4.2  1.1  10.0  15.2  11.3  1.8  2.9  10.6  7.9  6.9  Precipitation driest month  26.6  25.0  7.9  12.8  15.8  9.1  20.4  27.7  16.4  18.5  18.0  Precipitation seasonality  3.4  2.6  8.1  2.7  3.6  4.5  9.4  3.5  9.3  6.9  5.4  Vege  25.0  36.1  37.3  30.4  18.8  16.4  9.9  14.6  20.1  19.2  22.8  Soil  0.8  1.0  1.4  0.0  5.8  10.3  0.0  0.0  2.0  2.4  2.4                            S. childi  Annual mean temp.   18.2  0.0  0.0  0.0  9.6  10.8  0.1  0.0  0.8  0.1  4.0  Mean diurnal range  27.1  22.9  11.4  30.7  8.7  14.5  54.2  43.6  16.7  16.2  24.6  Isothermality  4.2  0.0  0.0  0.0  0.0  11.3  0.0  0.0  0.0  0.0  1.6  Mean temp. wettest 1/8  9.5  0.7  0.0  0.0  24.8  15.2  44.5  14.5  11.9  11.2  13.2  Mean temp. driest 1/8  2.7  0.1  31.5  0.0  18.0  11.2  0.0  0.0  6.1  5.9  7.5  Precipitation driest month  34.0  75.8  57.1  69.3  29.9  17.2  0.3  41.7  43.1  36.5  40.5  Precipitation seasonality  0.0  0.1  0.0  0.0  2.2  15.3  0.9  0.0  6.5  5.9  3.1  Vege  0.7  0.0  0.0  0.0  2.0  1.2  0.0  0.1  2.9  20.7  2.8  Soil  3.6  0.4  0.0  0.0  4.7  3.3  0.1  0.0  11.9  3.5  2.8                                                      S. minutus  Annual mean temp.   0.0  3.3  2.0  1.1  12.4  11.7  12.8  1.0  5.4  5.7  5.5  Mean diurnal range  36.1  49.5  1.5  47.9  10.1  21.6  16.1  29.1  29.6  35.1  27.7  Isothermality  0.0  0.6  0.0  0.0  2.5  9.0  0.0  13.1  0.3  0.1  2.5  Mean temp. wettest 1/9  5.2  0.2  0.8  0.0  11.8  8.8  8.1  0.0  6.1  2.7  4.4  Mean temp. driest 1/9  16.2  11.7  1.6  1.6  11.3  8.5  15.0  14.5  11.4  8.0  10.0  Precipitation driest month  12.3  25.3  55.7  48.6  19.5  14.4  33.1  22.5  17.0  16.5  26.5  Precipitation seasonality  17.1  3.9  37.2  0.7  14.2  10.5  7.7  7.4  23.2  22.3  14.4  Vege  9.5  0.9  0.7  0.1  9.5  9.1  4.4  12.3  4.2  3.5  5.4  Soil  3.6  4.6  0.6  0.0  8.6  6.6  2.8  0.0  2.8  5.9  3.6                            S. piliferus  Annual mean temp.   33.1  2.2  N/A  10.4  39.3  6.3  31.1  34.4  3.6  12.4  19.2  Mean diurnal range  0.5  0.1  N/A  0.0  2.3  17.1  1.7  0.0  3.0  1.0  2.9  Isothermality  0.8  13.6  N/A  11.8  0.5  10.4  5.4  4.3  6.1  16.7  7.7  Mean temp. wettest 1/9  26.3  18.2  N/A  17.9  30.2  9.1  17.4  22.0  20.7  15.2  19.7  Mean temp. driest 1/9  21.0  25.3  N/A  21.8  6.1  20.4  0.0  5.4  16.1  4.3  13.4  Precipitation driest month  9.0  21.7  N/A  15.2  9.5  15.3  23.3  13.3  17.4  16.0  15.7  Precipitation seasonality  8.8  18.7  N/A  22.9  7.1  17.2  19.5  18.4  31.1  18.0  18.0  Vege  0.6  0.1  N/A  0.0  1.7  2.5  1.3  0.2  0.7  10.5  1.9  Soil  0.0  0.0  N/A  0.0  3.4  1.7  0.3  2.0  1.2  5.9  1.6                            S. villosus  Annual mean temp.   26.4  68.5  45.0  74.5  29.1  13.8  85.1  37.5  44.9  49.6  47.4  Mean diurnal range  11.4  9.6  0.0  0.0  8.6  11.9  0.0  10.0  7.6  0.3  5.9  Isothermality  0.8  0.0  0.0  0.0  0.4  14.8  0.0  1.3  7.3  2.4  2.7  Mean temp. wettest 1/11  13.6  1.0  6.9  0.0  12.0  12.2  0.0  12.2  9.0  4.6  7.2  Mean temp. driest 1/11  17.5  13.3  23.2  0.0  15.7  16.8  0.0  5.3  15.6  11.8  11.9  Precipitation driest month  5.1  4.6  0.0  0.0  17.2  15.3  3.1  9.3  2.8  1.1  5.8  Precipitation seasonality  20.0  1.3  17.5  25.5  4.1  6.7  11.8  22.7  8.6  23.5  14.2  Vege  0.7  0.1  0.6  0.0  6.2  1.9  0.0  0.0  1.1  1.4  1.2  Soil  4.5  1.6  6.8  0.0  6.7  6.5  0.0  1.8  3.1  5.3  3.6    Supplementary material 9 Predicted changes in suitable habitat for the two future scenarios when compared to area of suitable habitat available in current models. Range changes with dispersal allowed includes “gained” pixels, whilst range change with no dispersal allowed does not.     Species RCP Scenario Lost Never Occupied Always Occupied Gained Current Range Size Future Range Size No Dispersal Future Range Size Full Dispersal Range Change No Dispersal Range Change With Dispersal A. crassicauda RCP2.6 24118 370064 15453 7290 39571 15453 22743 -61 -43 RCP8.5 4247 290718 35324 86636 39571 35324 121960 -11 208 A. tumidicauda RCP2.6 23654 384774 8419 78 32073 8419 8497 -74 -74 RCP8.5 11936 384273 20137 579 32073 20137 20716 -37 -35 B. collinus RCP2.6 8951 407552 374 48 9325 374 422 -96 -95 RCP8.5 8261 405502 1064 2098 9325 1064 3162 -89 -66 B. nivalis RCP2.6 4130 339675 41812 31308 45942 41812 73120 -9% 59% RCP8.5 3135 306327 42807 64656 45942 42807 107463 -7% 134% P. dugdali RCP2.6 24619 384713 5396 2197 30015 5396 7593 -82 -75 RCP8.5 29056 386910 959 0 30015 959 959 -97 -97 RCP2.6 26368 342111 16790 31656 43158 16790 48446 -61 12 P. nitidus RCP8.5 14964 351320 28194 22447 43158 28194 50641 -35 17 S. australis RCP2.6 29688 376981 10141 115 39829 10141 10256 -75 -74 RCP8.5 37115 377095 2714 1 39829 2714 2715 -93 -93 S. campestris RCP2.6 69446 262105 84501 873 153947 84501 85374 -45 -45 RCP8.5 103564 262484 50383 494 153947 50383 50877 -67 -67 S. childi RCP2.6 1589 414492 0 844 1589 0 844 -100 -47 RCP8.5 1409 411483 180 3853 1589 180 4033 -89 154 S. minutus RCP2.6 6641 401673 1654 6957 8295 1654 8611 -80 4 RCP8.5 3682 389078 4613 19552 8295 4613 24165 -44 191 S. piliferus RCP2.6 56070 254879 69183 36793 125253 69183 105976 -45 -15 RCP8.5 96065 268747 29188 22925 125253 29188 52113 -77 -58 S. villosus RCP2.6 1221 399397 4855 11452 6076 4855 16307 -20 168 RCP8.5 5736 409782 340 1067 6076 340 1407 -94 -77 Supplementary material 10.1 Binary vector layers generated for Alpinacris, Brachaspis and Paprides species, for current predictions and for the two future RCP scenarios. Binary vectors are generated by transforming vectors of probabilities (i.e. initial Ecological Niche Models) using a cut off threshold (Supplementary table 3). Each pixel of the map is scored as a 1 (suitable habitat) or a 0 (unsuitable habitat) for each scenario. Dark = suitable, light blue = unsuitable. Supplementary material 10.2. Binary vector layers generated for Sigaus species, for current predictions and for the two future RCP scenarios. Binary vectors are generated by transforming vectors of probabilities (i.e. initial Ecological Niche Models) using a cut off threshold (Supplementary table 3). Each pixel of the map is scored as a 1 (suitable habitat) or a 0 (unsuitable habitat) for each scenario. Dark = suitable, light blue = unsuitable Supplementary material 11 Fragmentation statistics generated from binary vector files (Supplementary material 6). Only patches of pixels exceeding 100 pixels were included. Species Scenario Number of patches Total area of patches Min. patch area Mean patch area Max. patch area Total core area Aggregation Index Splitting Index A. crassicauda Current 12 35156 108 2930 24229 22333 88.87 1.99 RCP2.6 8 20771 108 2596 8707 12724 88.85 3.34 RCP8.5 19 118524 123 6238 60401 94409 94.35 2.22 A. tumidicauda Current 13 29533 142 2272 11737 17068 88.22 3.85 RCP2.6 4 4572 303 1143 3186 669 70.75 1.92 RCP8.5 14 18731 104 1338 5143 6246 80.12 5.19 B. collinus Current 15 7231 106 482 2305 1883 77.71 6.50 RCP2.6 2 353 138 177 215 45 71.25 1.91 RCP8.5 5 2321 170 464 1040 773 79.87 3.28 B. nivalis Current 31 37873 106 1222 12230 14646 80.70 4.72 RCP2.6 32 64472 104 2015 44257 29122 83.09 2.08 RCP8.5 32 98656 103 3083 73387 63146 89.62 1.72 P. dugdali Current 28 26236 105 937 6005 13230 85.09 8.26 RCP2.6 17 4909 106 289 937 1138 74.06 10.42 RCP8.5 4 698 123 175 202 203 79.82 3.88 P. nitidus Current 4 40058 107 10015 39039 24630 89.22 1.05 RCP2.6 19 44780 127 2357 22834 22143 85.88 3.19 RCP8.5 24 47599 112 1983 35362 27779 88.37 1.79 S. australis Current 16 37840 108 2365 17849 22425 88.85 3.39 RCP2.6 18 7328 108 407 1475 2172 77.86 9.83 RCP8.5 4 1101 119 275 435 280 77.38 3.40 S. campestris Current 30 146228 103 4874 119896 104696 92.06 1.48 RCP2.6 21 78914 104 3758 56376 46952 88.50 1.91 RCP8.5 26 45806 101 1762 34764 22446 84.77 1.72 S. childi Current 2 1534 356 767 1178 884 89.33 1.55 RCP2.6 1 811 811 811 811 477 91.44 1.00 RCP8.5 7 3653 108 522 1831 1903 86.39 3.28 S. minutus Current 6 6694 119 1116 5709 3113 83.03 1.36 RCP2.6 6 6312 121 1052 4734 1871 78.23 1.72 RCP8.5 3 21754 120 7251 21359 12240 88.03 1.03 S. piliferus Current 28 119798 102 4279 88505 91417 93.31 1.79 RCP2.6 38 97964 101 2578 36023 58220 87.88 4.42 RCP8.5 26 45687 103 1757 19435 26681 87.81 3.85 S. villosus Current 10 2425 102 243 756 355 71.12 5.99 RCP2.6 25 12192 103 488 5057 2715 75.80 4.10 RCP8.5 1 182 182 182 182 15 74.78 1.00 Supplementary material 12 Habitat reduction and fragmentation for twelve endemic alpine grasshoppers from Ka Tiritiri-o-te-Moana, Aotearoa (Southern Alps, New Zealand). Density distribution of habitat patches (in km2) under current (purple) conditions and predicted climate scenarios; RCP2.6 mean rise of 1.0°C (blue) and RCP8.5 mean rise of 3.7°C (orange). Only habitat patches >100m2 were included. Dashed lines indicate the fragment distribution mean for each scenario. image3.jpg image1.png image2.jpeg image4.png