2026-09-27T05:49:50Zhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/server/oai/requestoai:mro.massey.ac.nz:10179/154132025-11-11T14:23:29Zcom_10179_294col_10179_296
DSpace at Massey University
author
David Roldan, Maria
2020-06-23T22:34:11Z
2020-06-23T22:34:11Z
2019
http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15413
Q112948169
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112948169
Background: Childhood hypertension is associated with an increased risk of target organ
damage and adulthood hypertension. Over the last few years, the prevalence of paediatric
primary hypertension has been growing. A better understanding of the risk factors associated
with high blood pressure could facilitate early detection and intervention. To date, no studies
in New Zealand have investigated high blood pressure in the paediatric population.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for raised blood pressure in year five
and six primary school children, living in Auckland, New Zealand.
Methods: We examined cross-sectional data for school children participating in The Children’s
Bone Study. Anthropometric measures included weight, height, BMI, waist circumference and
percent body fat. Blood pressure was measured on a single occasion, and the average of three
readings was used for analysis. Elevated blood pressure and hypertension were defined
according to the American Academy of Pediatrics’ criteria. Demographic information was
collected using a questionnaire. Logistic regressions were used to examine the associations
between gender, ethnicity and obesity with raised blood pressure (≥90th percentile).
Results: The proportion of children (n=669, 10.4 ± 0.62 years) with elevated and hypertensive
blood pressure readings were 14.3% and 31.1%, respectively. Age and gender were not
significantly associated with raised blood pressure (p=0.485; p=0.109, respectively). South
Asian children had significantly greater odds of presenting with raised blood pressure
compared to European (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.02—2.65, p<0.05). The adjusted odds of screening
with raised blood pressure were significantly greater for children with an obese (OR: 2.88, 95%
CI: 1.65—5.01, p<0.001) and overweight (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.54—3.84, p<0.001) BMI than
non-overweight children. Percent body fat above the normal range (OR: 2.16, 95% CI:1.51—
3.09, p<0.001) and a waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5 (OR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.60—4.22, p<0.001) were
associated with increased odds of raised blood pressure readings, irrespective of age, gender
and ethnicity.
Conclusion: Ethnicity, and general and central obesity appear to be key risk factors for raised
blood pressure in children. Although blood pressure was only measured on a single occasion,
the results suggest that paediatric hypertension may be a potential health concern for New
Zealand. Further research is needed to establish a more accurate picture of the situation and
allow for New Zealand specific guidelines to be formulated.
en
The Author
Hypertension in children
Risk factors
Health surveys
New Zealand
Auckland
Investigating factors associated with raised blood pressure in New Zealand school children : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
Thesis
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URL
https://mro.massey.ac.nz/bitstreams/07413b7c-18d0-4283-b535-bf89fe70ca14/download
File
MD5
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application/pdf
David RoldanMScThesis.pdf
URL
https://mro.massey.ac.nz/bitstreams/b4989d8f-f2ac-46b7-9f0a-6f32ed5d0496/download
File
MD5
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text/plain
David RoldanMScThesis.pdf.txt