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                  <mods:namePart>Wajiha, Shahzad</mods:namePart>
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                  <mods:namePart>Haji Karimian, Saeed</mods:namePart>
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               <mods:abstract>Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation contractors (RMRCs) – and indeed all contractors handling public sector projects – face the challenge of performance-based rewards, which seek to maximise tax dollars by ensuring whole-of-life best value in the project delivery process. To be successful, a contractor’s productivity and performance should remain high and resilient to internal and external constraints in the project environment. There is a lack of research on a practical approach to modelling and prioritising performance constraints in the roading sector. &#xd;
This study aimed to investigate the priority constraints RMRCs face in New Zealand (NZ) as well as strategies for improvement. The thesis presents the final findings of interview-based qualitative surveys of medium- to large-sized roading contractors in NZ, followed by a questionnaire survey (quantitative) to prioritise the constraints found during the first stage of the research.  Empirical data then were analysed using descriptive statistics and SPSS-based principal component analysis. &#xd;
The results showed - in diminishing order of influence - the following four principal items extracted from the initial 68 constraints identified from the interviews: process, operating environment; input; and output constraint groups. The most influential constraints in the four groups are inclement weather, frequency of design changes, inadequate supply or high cost of required resources, and post-construction defective or non-compliant work.&#xd;
The findings contribute to the relevant body of knowledge by revealing critical factors constraining the productivity performance of NZ RMRCs and associated improvement measures. The Input-Process-Environment-Output (IPEO) constraint model is seen as being more practical and easy to follow by industry stakeholders than the internal-external risk approach reported in the literature; it presents new and more enriching perspectives into how contractors could leverage their limited resources to address key constraints.</mods:abstract>
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                  <mods:topic>Pavements</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>Roads</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>New Zealand</mods:topic>
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               <mods:subject>
                  <mods:topic>Maintenance and repair</mods:topic>
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               <mods:subject>
                  <mods:topic>Contractors</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>efficiency</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>performance</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>productivity</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:topic>road maintenance &amp; rehabilitation</mods:topic>
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                  <mods:title>Productivity in road pavement maintenance &amp; rehabilitation projects : perspectives of New Zealand roading contractors on the constraints and improvement measures : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Construction, School of Built Environment, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand</mods:title>
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