Hill DO'Connor PMAltermann EDay LHill CStanton CRoss RP2024-08-212024-08-212020-08-10Hill D, O'Connor PM, Altermann E, Day L, Hill C, Stanton C, Ross RP. (2020). Extensive bacteriocin gene shuffling in the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex reveals gallocin D with activity against vancomycin resistant enterococci.. Sci Rep. 10. 1. (pp. 13431-).2045-2322https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/71352Streptococcus gallolyticus LL009 produces gallocin D, a narrow spectrum two component bacteriocin with potent activity against vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Gallocin D is distinct from gallocin A, a separate two component bacteriocin produced by S. gallolyticus. Although the gene clusters encoding gallocin A and gallocin D have a high degree of gene synteny, the structural genes are highly variable and appear to have undergone gene shuffling with other streptococcal species. Gallocin D was analysed in laboratory-based experiments. The mature peptides are 3,343 ± 1 Da and 3,019 ± 1 Da and could be readily synthesized and display activity against a vancomycin resistant Enterococcus strain EC300 with a MIC value of 1.56 µM. Importantly, these bacteriocins could contribute to the ability of S. gallolyticus to colonize the colon where they have been associated with colorectal cancer.(c) 2020 The Author/sCC BY 4.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Amino Acid SequenceBacteriocinsComputer SimulationDrug Resistance, BacterialSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcusStreptococcus bovisVancomycinVancomycin-Resistant EnterococciJournal article10.1038/s41598-020-70328-z2045-2322journal-article13431-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/327786861343110.1038/s41598-020-70328-z