Browsing by Author "Chen C-C"

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    Forum: Searching for a Global Solidarity: A Collective Auto-Ethnography of Early-Career Women Researchers in the Asia-Pacific
    (Oxford University Press, 2023-02-01) Agarwal A; Chen C-C; Choi S; Cruz FA; Hoo C-P; Watanabe A
    This forum critically reflects on discrimination faced by early-career women international relations (IR) scholars in the Asia-Pacific region in their workplaces and beyond. By taking a self-ethnographic perspective, six contributors from five countries provide an engaging overview of difficulties they face in their everyday lives. Against the backdrop of this diverse and globalizing region, the contributors are all academic migrants in search of employment and learning opportunities within the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. They lead migratory lives by frequently crossing ideational and material boundaries to contribute to a more diverse IR knowledge base, and they encounter numerous difficulties and forms of discrimination. This forum has two aims. First, in reflecting on the contributors’ own lived experiences, it highlights the diversity of issues faced by early-career women scholars in this region. Second, it calls for novel, more inclusive forms of solidarity that appreciates diversity as plurality across any divides.
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    The Effect of Pre-Exercise Caffeine and Glucose Ingestion on Endurance Capacity in Hypoxia: A Double-Blind Crossover Trial.
    (MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2024-10-25) Chiu C-H; Chen C-C; Ali A; Wu S-L; Wu C-L; Nieman DC; Schroder H
    The impact of caffeine and glucose supplementation in a hypoxic environment on endurance exercise performance remains inconclusive. The current study examined the effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate and caffeine supplementation on endurance exercise performance in an acute hypoxic environment. Eight healthy active young males participated in this double-blind, within-subjects crossover study. Participants ingested the test drink 60 min before exercising at 50% Wmax for 90 min on a cycle ergometer (fatiguing preload); there followed an endurance performance test at 85% Wmax until exhaustion in a hypoxic chamber (~15%O2). Participants completed four experimental trials in a randomized order: caffeine (6 mg·kg-1; Caff), glucose (1 g·kg-1; CHO), caffeine (6 mg·kg-1) + glucose (1 g·kg-1; Caff-CHO), and taste- and color-matched placebo with no caffeine or CHO (PLA). Blood samples were collected during fasting, pre-exercise, every 30 min throughout the exercise, and immediately after exhaustion. The caffeine and glucose trials significantly enhanced endurance capacity in hypoxic conditions by Caff, 44% (68.8-31.5%, 95% confidence interval), CHO, 31% (44.7-15.6%), and Caff-CHO, 46% (79.1-13.2%). Plasma-free fatty-acid and glycerol concentrations were higher in Caff and PLA than in CHO and Caff-CHO (p < 0.05). The estimated rate of fat oxidation was higher in Caff and PLA than in CHO and Caff-CHO (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in ratings of perceived exertion between trials. In conclusion, the ingestion of caffeine, glucose, or caffeine + glucose one hour before exercising in hypoxic conditions significantly improved 85% Wmax endurance performance after prolonged exercise.