Browsing by Author "Kervyn M"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Time-varying drainage basin development and erosion on volcanic edifices
    (Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, Gottingen, Germany, 2024-05-08) O'Hara D; Goren L; Van Wees RMJ; Campforts B; Grosse P; Lahitte P; Kereszturi G; Kervyn M; Conway S
    The erosional state of a landscape is often assessed through a series of metrics that quantify the morphology of drainage basins and divides. Such metrics have been well explored in tectonically active environments to evaluate the role of different processes in sculpting topography, yet relatively few works have applied these analyses to radial landforms such as volcanoes. We quantify drainage basin geometries on volcanic edifices of varying ages using common metrics (e.g., Hack's law, drainage density, and number of basins that reach the edifice summit, as well as basin hypsometry integral, length, width, relief, and average topographic slope). Relating these measurements to the log-mean age of activity for each edifice, we find that drainage density, basin hypsometry, basin length, and basin width quantify the degree of erosional maturity for these landforms. We also explore edifice drainage basin growth and competition by conducting a divide mobility analysis on the volcanoes, finding that young volcanoes are characterized by nearly uniform fluvial basins within unstable configurations that are more prone to divide migration. As basins on young volcanoes erode, they become less uniform but adapt to a more stable configuration with less divide migration. Finally, we analyze basin spatial geometries and outlet spacing on edifices, discovering an evolution in radial basin configurations that differ from typical linear mountain ranges. From these, we present a novel conceptual model for edifice degradation that allows new interpretations of composite volcano histories and provides predictive quantities for edifice morphologic evolution.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Understanding the evolution of scoria cone morphology using multivariate models
    (Springer Nature Limited, 2025-06-06) Kereszturi G; Grosse P; Whitehead M; Guilbaud M-N; Downs DT; Noguchi R; Kervyn M
    Scoria cones are the most abundant type of volcano in the Solar System. They occur in every tectonic setting and often overlap with human populations, yet our ability to provide complete geochronology within volcanic fields remains limited. Appropriate geochronology underpins the reconstruction of size-frequency distribution and is a key input for robust volcanic hazard assessment. Morphometric data have long been used to estimate relative ages of scoria cones; however, they have only shown promise at single volcanic fields and simple cones with homogenous pyroclastics. Here, we present a new global inventory of dated scoria cones (n = 572) from 71 volcanic fields formed under diverse magmatic, tectonic and climatic regimes, and build data-driven age models for dating scoria cones using easily accessible morphometric, reflectance and climatic variables. Our models suggest chemical composition of ascending magma may influence the initial scoria cone morphology which is then gradually modified by erosion over time. (Figure presented.)