Browsing by Author "Painer J"

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    Cardiovascular effects of intravenous vatinoxan in wild boars (Sus scrofa) anaesthetised with intramuscular medetomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association, 2022-01-21) Einwaller J; Meyer LCR; Auer U; Raekallio M; Nowack J; Haw A; Vetter S; Painer J; Stalder G
    Background: The potent sedative medetomidine is a commonly used adjunct for the immobilisation of non-domestic mammals. However, its use is associated with pronounced cardiovascular side effects, such as bradycardia, vasoconstriction and decreased cardiac output. We investigated the effects of the peripherally-acting alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonist vatinoxan on cardiovascular properties in medetomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam anaesthetised wild boar (Sus scrofa). Methods: Twelve wild boars, anaesthetised twice with medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg) and tiletamine/zolazepam (2.5 mg/kg) IM in a randomised, crossover study, were administered (0.1 mg/kg) vatinoxan or an equivalent volume of saline IV (control). Cardiovascular variables, including heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) and cardiac output (CO), were assessed 5 min prior to vatinoxan/saline administration until the end of anaesthesia 30 min later. Results: MAP (p < 0.0001), MPAP (p < 0.001) and MPAOP (p < 0.0001) significantly decreased from baseline after vatinoxan until the end of anaesthesia. HR increased significantly (p < 0.0001) from baseline after vatinoxan administration. However, the effect on HR subsided 3 min after vatinoxan. All variables remained constant after saline injection. There was no significant effect of vatinoxan or saline on CO. Conclusion: Vatinoxan significantly reduced systemic and pulmonary artery hypertension, induced by medetomidine in wild boar.
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    Investigation of cardiorespiratory effects of the selective 5-HT4 agonist BIMU-8 in etorphine-immobilised goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) in a randomized, blinded and controlled trial
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association, 2021-07-09) Tod N; Stalder G; Rauch H; Boehmdorfer S; Haw A; Gerritsmann H; Painer J; Meyer L
    Background: Opioid-induced respiratory compromise remains a significant challenge in etorphine-immobilised wildlife. Serotonergic agonists offer a potential avenue for preventing or treating opioid-induced respiratory compromise. We therefore aimed to determine whether the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 (5-HT4) agonist, BIMU-8, reverses opioid-induced respiratory compromise in etorphine-immobilised goats. Methods: Seven healthy adult goats were immobilised with etorphine, then treated with BIMU-8 or sterile water 5 minutes later in a randomised, prospective cross-over study. Cardiorespiratory variables were measured at 1-minute intervals from 4 minutes before etorphine to 15 minutes after its administration. Arterial blood gas analyses were also performed before and after etorphine administration and the respective treatments. Results: Intravenous injection of BIMU-8 attenuated etorphine-induced respiratory compromise, as indicated by improvements, compared to baseline and between treatments, in respiratory rate (fR), peripheral arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and the alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure gradient (P(A-a)O2). BIMU-8 caused an increase in heart rate and a temporary decrease in arterial blood pressure. Mild movements and slight muscle spasm occurred but BIMU-8 did not reverse immobilisation. Conclusion: Our results indicate that BIMU-8 may be a potential drug candidate for the treatment, or prevention, of etorphine-induced respiratory compromise in immobilised ungulates.