Browsing by Author "Ward, Judith"
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- ItemFact or fiction? : William Colenso's authentic & genuine history of the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in History at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand(Massey University, 2011) Ward, JudithWilliam Colenso’s eye-witness account of the debate and signing of the Treaty at Waitangi on 5 and 6 February 1840 is part of a body of work which informs our understanding of the Treaty as the basis of our nationhood and the source of autonomous Maori rights. His record of the speeches of Nene and Patuone was pivotal in the Court of Appeal’s judgment in the State-Owned Enterprises case and informed the decision-making of the Waitangi Tribunal in the Muriwhenua Land Claim. Colenso’s history was also a pervasive influence on T. Lindsay Buick’s history on the Treaty and Ruth Ross’s work on the texts and translations. Despite the reliance on this 1890 text, historians have not tested Colenso’s claims to authenticity and objectivity. This thesis compares William Colenso’s manuscript, which was purchased at Peter Webb Galleries in Auckland in 1981, against his Authentic and Genuine History of the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, which was published by the government in 1890 to coincide with the 50th jubilee of the signing of the Treaty at Waitangi. It also explores the similarities and discrepancies between the two and whether it is possible to corroborate Colenso’s narrative from the accounts of other European eye-witnesses. The thesis concludes that Colenso’s manuscript is an ‘authentic’ eye-witness account that was written in 1840 and suggests it was principally intended to reiterate the allegations he had made in a letter to the CMS on 11 February 1840 in which he had referred to Henry Williams’ land purchases and suggested that the missionary had had a conflict of interest when he encouraged Maori to sign the Treaty. The thesis also concludes that Colenso’s manuscript was written with a purpose, that both texts were influenced by his personal views and biases and that the footnotes added by him in 1890 may have been inserted in order to garner favour with Canon Samuel Williams, the third son of Henry Williams, and obtain a seat on the Anglican Synod.
- ItemThe Invention of Papahurihia : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand(Massey University, 2016) Ward, JudithHistorians portray Papahurihia as the first Māori prophet and founder of a syncretistic religion that combined elements of Judaic and Christian theology with Māori beliefs. They also say he observed a Saturday Sabbath and that his followers were known as Jews. This thesis disputes those conclusions. It re-examines the commentaries of the CMS missionaries in the Bay of Islands from the context of 1830s Protestant evangelicalism and draws on the texts of the Wesleyan and Roman Catholic missionaries and European settlers to show how Papahurihia behaved in various situations. It argues that historians have failed to take account of the way that Protestant and Catholic writers saw Papahurihia through the lenses of their own religions. The thesis recreates Papahurihia in the context of the Ngāpuhi seasonal cycle and links him to the persistence of ceremonies like the hahunga. It argues that historians have overlooked the extent to which he operated on a Māori concept of time and how the missionaries and Europeans made assumptions about the behaviour of Papahurihia and his followers based on the Christian calendar. The thesis concludes that Papahurihia responded to the advent of Christianity in a way that was consistent with the behaviour of tohunga at the time, rather than as the founder of a syncretistic religion. It also concludes that the historiography on Papahurihia ultimately went awry because historians interpreted the missionaries’ comments about him from a secular perspective.