Massey Research Online - Browsing by Author "Zhang W"

Browsing by Author "Zhang W"

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A BIM and AR-based indoor navigation system for pedestrians on smartphones
(Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 2025-01) Zhang W; Li Y; Li P; Feng Z
Indoor navigation technology, as an emerging location information service, has shown continuous growth in its application demand in recent years. In indoor navigation, indoor localization and path planning are the key factors affecting navigation quality. Most of the existing methods rely on traditional methods for indoor localization with high implementation costs. As for path planning, most methods lack the acquisition and use of semantic information, affecting navigation's practicality and intuitiveness. To alleviate the above problems, we propose a building information modeling (BIM) and augmented reality (AR)-based indoor navigation system for pedestrians that can be implemented on smartphones. Specifically, we first map a three-dimensional model space subdivided by a triangular prism to the two-dimensional plane in order to construct an indoor navigation network. Secondly, the information is analyzed using inertial navigation system technology to identify indoor positions. Then, we propose an indoor augmented reality navigation algorithm based on architectural and spatial information (IARA) algorithm for indoor path planning. Finally, we integrated the above technologies and built an indoor pedestrian navigation system based on BIM and AR technologies. Experiments in specific scenarios show that our system ensures navigation stability while obtaining results that are more relevant to the needs of pedestrians.
Assessing the Dynamic Outcomes of Containment Strategies against COVID-19 under Different Public Health Governance Structures: A Comparison between Pakistan and Bangladesh
(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2022-08) Zhang W; Huggins T; Zheng W; Liu S; Du Z; Zhu H; Raza A; Tareq AH
COVID-19 scenarios were run using an epidemiological mathematical model (system dynamics model) and counterfactual analysis to simulate the impacts of different control and containment measures on cumulative infections and deaths in Bangladesh and Pakistan. The simulations were based on national-level data concerning vaccination level, hospital capacity, and other factors, from the World Health Organization, the World Bank, and the Our World in Data web portal. These data were added to cumulative infections and death data from government agencies covering the period from 18 March 2020 to 28 February 2022. Baseline curves for Pakistan and Bangladesh were obtained using piecewise fitting with a consideration of different events against the reported data and allowing for less than 5% random errors in cumulative infections and deaths. The results indicate that Bangladesh could have achieved more reductions in each key outcome measure by shifting its initial lockdown at least five days backward, while Pakistan would have needed to extend its lockdown to achieve comparable improvements. Bangladesh’s second lockdown appears to have been better timed than Pakistan’s. There were potential benefits from starting the third lockdown two weeks earlier for Bangladesh and from combining this with the fourth lockdown or canceling the fourth lockdown altogether. Adding a two-week lockdown at the beginning of the upward slope of the second wave could have led to a more than 40 percent reduction in cumulative infections and a 35 percent reduction in cumulative deaths for both countries. However, Bangladesh’s reductions were more sensitive to the duration of the lockdown. Pakistan’s response was more constrained by medical resources, while Bangladesh’s outcomes were more sensitive to both vaccination timing and capacities. More benefits were lost when combining multiple scenarios for Bangladesh compared to the same combinations in Pakistan. Clearly, cumulative infections and deaths could have been highly impacted by adjusting the control and containment measures in both national settings. However, COVID-19 outcomes were more sensitive to adjustment interventions for the Bangladesh context. Disaggregated analyses, using a wider range of factors, may reveal several sub-national dynamics. Nonetheless, the current research demonstrates the relevance of lockdown timing adjustments and discrete adjustments to several other control and containment measures.
He Kāinga Oranga: reflections on 25 years of measuring the improved health, wellbeing and sustainability of healthier housing
(Taylor and Francis, on behalf of Te Aparangi, The Royal Society of New Zealand, 2023-02-06) Howden-Chapman P; Crane J; Keall M; Pierse N; Baker MG; Cunningham C; Amore K; Aspinall C; Bennett J; Bierre S; Boulic M; Chapman R; Chisholm E; Davies C; Fougere G; Fraser B; Fyfe C; Grant L; Grimes A; Halley C; Logan-Riley A; Nathan K; Olin C; Ombler J; O’Sullivan K; Pehi T; Penny G; Phipps R; Plagman M; Randal E; Riggs L; Robson B; Ruru J; Shaw C; Schrader B; Teariki MA; Telfar Barnard L; Tiatia R; Toy-Cronin B; Tupara H; Viggers H; Wall T; Wilkie M; Woodward A; Zhang W
This paper reflects on the influences and outcomes of He Kāinga Oranga/Housing and Health Research Programme over 25 years, and their impact on housing and health policy in Aotearoa and internationally. Working in partnership particularly with Māori and Pasifika communities, we have conducted randomised control trials which have shown the health and broad co-benefits of retrofitted insulation, heating and remediation of home hazards, which have underpinned government policy in the Warm Up NZ-Heat Smart programme and the Healthy Homes Standards for rental housing. These trials have been included as evidence in the WHO Housing and Health Guidelines and led to our designation as a WHO Collaborating Centre on Housing and Wellbeing. We are increasingly explicitly weaving Māori frameworks, values and processes with traditional Western science.
MMAF-Net: Multi-view multi-stage adaptive fusion for multi-sensor 3D object detection
(Elsevier B.V., 2023-12-05) Zhang W; Shi H; Zhao Y; Feng Z; Lovreglio R
In this paper, we propose a 3D object detection method called MMAF-Net that is based on the multi-view and multi-stage adaptive fusion of RGB images and LiDAR point cloud data. This is an end-to-end architecture, which combines the characteristics of RGB images, the front view of point clouds based on reflection intensity, and the bird's eye view of point clouds. It also adopts a multi-stage fusion approach of “data-level fusion + feature-level fusion” to fully exploit the strength of multimodal information. Our proposed method addresses key challenges found in current 3D object detection methods for autonomous driving, including insufficient feature extraction from multimodal data, rudimentary fusion techniques, and sensitivity to distance and occlusion. To ensure the comprehensive integration of multimodal information, we present a series of targeted fusion methods. Firstly, we propose a novel input form that encodes dense point cloud reflectivity information into the image to enhance its representational power. Secondly, we design the Region Attention Adaptive Fusion module utilizing an attention mechanism to guide the network in adaptively adjusting the importance of different features. Finally, we extend the 2D DIOU (Distance Intersection over Union) loss function to 3D and develop a joint regression loss based on 3D_DIOU and SmoothL1 to optimize the similarity between detected and ground truth boxes. The experimental results on the KITTI dataset demonstrate that MMAF-Net effectively addresses the challenges posed by highly obscured or crowded scenes while maintaining real-time performance and improving the detection accuracy of smaller and more difficult objects that are occluded at far distances.
Mushroom-legume-based alternative chicken nuggets: Physico-chemical and sensory properties
(Elsevier Ltd., 2024-07-17) Mazumder MAR; Jongraksang K; Kaewsiri K; Keawnualborvornnij S; Nenjatee W; Kaur L; Zhang W; Phongthai S; Rawdkuen S
The consumer demand for meat analogs (MAs) is on the rise. Soy proteins are frequently used as the primary ingredient in MAs, but soybean may negatively impact human health and cognitive functions. The aim of this research was to develop alternative chicken nuggets using mushroom and chickpea flour. Effect of different sources of mushroom and starch in the textural and sensory quality of nuggets were determined. Phoenix mushroom was chosen based on nuggets' textural and sensory qualities. Different ratios of mushroom and chickpea flour (0:70, 15:55, 55:15, and 70:0, w/w) were tested to prepare the nuggets. Based on protein, textural and sensory qualities compared to chicken and commercial plant-based nuggets, the mushroom to flour ratio of 55:15 was chosen. The results showed that tapioca starch-containing nuggets had a better texture and were more palatable to consumers. The processed nuggets demonstrated lower protein (6.88 vs 11.72%, dry wt. basis) but better cooking yield (87.65 vs 85.29%), moisture retention (77.86 vs 75.16%), fat retention (90.55 vs 88.39%) and higher consumer acceptability than commercially available soy-based nuggets. The results of the study suggest that mushroom and chickpea flour may replace soy protein in meat analogs.
Net-Zero Energy Campuses in India: Blending Education and Governance for Sustainable and Just Transition
(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2023-12-21) Kalluri B; Vishnupriya V; Arjunan P; Dhariwal J; Wang Z; Zhang W; Wu W
This study addresses the urgent need for comprehensive climate education amid a climate emergency. Human (energy) behaviors are developed from childhood and early adulthood. This study hypothesizes that transcending a nation’s net-zero energy ambition can be accomplished through experiential education. An Urban Governance Lab plus nEt-Zero Energy league model is introduced. Various behavioral interventions are designed based on the principles of serious games. Discussions provide rich narratives on how a nation with so many diverse communities can forge a rapid net-zero transition. The blended multi-disciplinary STEM education can drive energy citizenship in campus-like communities. A scenarios-based analysis demonstrating the potential of the proposed model in shaping energy behavior in young citizens leading to net zero is presented. The results from the scenario analysis present optimistic evidence underlining how campus-like communities driven by bottom-up initiatives can realize net-zero ambition beyond hope.
Sub-micron moulding topological mass transport regimes in angled vortex fluidic flow
(The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021-06-07) Alharbi TMD; Jellicoe M; Luo X; Vimalanathan K; Alsulami IK; Al Harbi BS; Igder A; Alrashaidi FAJ; Chen X; Stubbs KA; Chalker JM; Zhang W; Boulos RA; Jones DB; Quinton JS; Raston CL
Shear stress in dynamic thin films, as in vortex fluidics, can be harnessed for generating non-equilibrium conditions, but the nature of the fluid flow is not understood. A rapidly rotating inclined tube in the vortex fluidic device (VFD) imparts shear stress (mechanical energy) into a thin film of liquid, depending on the physical characteristics of the liquid and rotational speed, ω, tilt angle, θ, and diameter of the tube. Through understanding that the fluid exhibits resonance behaviours from the confining boundaries of the glass surface and the meniscus that determines the liquid film thickness, we have established specific topological mass transport regimes. These topologies have been established through materials processing, as spinning top flow normal to the surface of the tube, double-helical flow across the thin film, and spicular flow, a transitional region where both effects contribute. The manifestation of mass transport patterns within the film have been observed by monitoring the mixing time, temperature profile, and film thickness against increasing rotational speed, ω. In addition, these flow patterns have unique signatures that enable the morphology of nanomaterials processed in the VFD to be predicted, for example in reversible scrolling and crumbling graphene oxide sheets. Shear-stress induced recrystallisation, crystallisation and polymerisation, at different rotational speeds, provide moulds of high-shear topologies, as 'positive' and 'negative' spicular flow behaviour. 'Molecular drilling' of holes in a thin film of polysulfone demonstrate spatial arrangement of double-helices. The grand sum of the different behavioural regimes is a general fluid flow model that accounts for all processing in the VFD at an optimal tilt angle of 45°, and provides a new concept in the fabrication of novel nanomaterials and controlling the organisation of matter.
The seed of life, investigating Epichloe endophyte colonisation.
(2015) Zhang W; Card S; McGill CR; Matthew C; Cristensen M; Mace W
Validity and reliability of Raman spectroscopy for carotenoid assessment in cattle skin
(Elsevier BV, 2021-09) Mehta M; Naffa R; Zhang W; Schreurs NM; Waterland M; Cooper S; Holmes G
Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants capable of helping to protect the skin from the damaging effects of exposure to sun by reducing the free radicals in skin produced by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and they may also have a physical protective effect in human skin. Since carotenoids are lipophilic molecules which can be ingested with the diet, they can accumulate in significant quantities in the skin. Several studies on humans have been conducted to evaluate the protective function of carotenoids against various diseases, but there is very limited published information available to understand the mechanism of carotenoid bioavailability in animals. The current study was conducted to investigate the skin carotenoid level (SCL) in two cattle skin sets - weaners with an unknown feeding regime and New Generation Beef (NGB) cattle with monitored feed at three different ages. Rapid analytical and sensitive Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be of interest as a powerful technique for the detection of carotenoids in cattle skin due to the strong resonance enhancement with 532 nm laser excitation. The spectral difference of both types of skin were measured and quantified using univariate and linear discriminant analysis. SCL was higher in NGB cattle than weaners and there is a perfect classification accuracy between weaners and NGB cattle skin using carotenoid markers as a basis. Further work carried out on carotenoid rich NGB cattle skin of 8, 12 and 24 months of age identified an increasing trend in SCL with age. The present work validated the ability of Raman spectroscopy to determine the skin carotenoid level in cattle by comparing it with established HPLC methods. There is an excellent correlation of R2 = 0.96 between the two methods that could serve as a model for future application for larger population studies.
Vortex fluidic induced mass transfer across immiscible phases
(The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022-03-28) Jellicoe M; Igder A; Chuah C; Jones DB; Luo X; Stubbs KA; Crawley EM; Pye SJ; Joseph N; Vimalananthan K; Gardner Z; Harvey DP; Chen X; Salvemini F; He S; Zhang W; Chalker JM; Quinton JS; Tang Y; Raston CL
Mixing immiscible liquids typically requires the use of auxiliary substances including phase transfer catalysts, microgels, surfactants, complex polymers and nano-particles and/or micromixers. Centrifugally separated immiscible liquids of different densities in a 45° tilted rotating tube offer scope for avoiding their use. Micron to submicron size topological flow regimes in the thin films induce high inter-phase mass transfer depending on the nature of the two liquids. A hemispherical base tube creates a Coriolis force as a ‘spinning top’ (ST) topological fluid flow in the less dense liquid which penetrates the denser layer of liquid, delivering liquid from the upper layer through the lower layer to the surface of the tube with the thickness of the layers determined using neutron imaging. Similarly, double helical (DH) topological flow in the less dense liquid, arising from Faraday wave eddy currents twisted by Coriolis forces, impact through the less dense liquid onto the surface of the tube. The lateral dimensions of these topological flows have been determined using ‘molecular drilling’ impacting on a thin layer of polysulfone on the surface of the tube and self-assembly of nanoparticles at the interface of the two liquids. At high rotation speeds, DH flow also occurs in the denser layer, with a critical rotational speed reached resulting in rapid phase demixing of preformed emulsions of two immiscible liquids. ST flow is perturbed relative to double helical flow by changing the shape of the base of the tube while maintaining high mass transfer between phases as demonstrated by circumventing the need for phase transfer catalysts. The findings presented here have implications for overcoming mass transfer limitations at interfaces of liquids, and provide new methods for extractions and separation science, and avoiding the formation of emulsions.

Browsing by Author "Zhang W"

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