Nursing and Midwifery
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/1264
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Item Placental birth : a history : thesis submitted to Massey University of Palmerston North in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Midwifery(Massey University, 2012) Stojanovic, Jane Ellen EstherThis mixed method historical research uses both written material and topical oral history interviewswith medical and midwifery practitioners, to offer a signal contribution to midwifery knowledge. It fills a void in midwifery history concerning the management of the birth of the placenta. Because placental birth is not a discrete entity but is part of the birth continuum, the research has also contributed to the historical knowledge of birth in seventeenth and eighteenth century Britain and Europe and Maori birthing prior to European settlement. It also illuminates birthing practices and their contexts for both Maori and European from the early nineteenth century to the present day. In the early years of the twentieth century a ‘cause and effect’ cycle of three synergistic and catalytic factors, medicalisation, hospitalisation and nursification produced clinical and political changes that created a weave into which changes to the management of the birth of the placenta could be woven. It took time for modern midwives practising alternative birthing to unlearn their medicalised training and regain their trust in women’s ability to birth. The reintroduction of midwifery autonomy and the passing of legislation concerning consumer choice and consent in health care facilitated the introduction of alternative midwifery practices into hospitals, exposing more midwives and doctors to physiological placental birth. A theoretical model based on comparative obstetrics and reproductive physiology was used to analyse the management of placental birth over time, and in the varying contexts studied. This model is offered as a tool for clinical decision-‐making, and for educating women and maternity practitioners in facilitating the birth of the placenta. This New Zealand research supports the use of physiological placental birth, in well women having normal pregnancies and labours, as safe and beneficial to women and their babies.Item Me aro ki te ha o hineahuone : women, miscarriage stories, and midwifery : towards a contextually relevant research methodology : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Midwifery at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand(Massey University, 2009) Kenney, Christine M.Professional ethics and legal competencies require midwives practising in New Zealand to provide care for childbearing women in a partnership characterised by continuity, equality, mutual respect, trust, shared responsibility and decision making. New Zealand is culturally and legislatively a bi-cultural environment and the cultural safety of Maori (indigenous peoples) are prioritised within health legislation. The midwifery philosophy of partnership and bi-cultural legislation, have provided a foundation for developing a research methodology for the profession. This thesis stories the interweaving of multiple epistemologies, theoretical tenets, philosophical concepts, indigenous and Western European world views as well as women’s narratives in creating and implementing a contextually relevant qualitative research methodology, ‘Te Whakamaramtanga’. The methodology was trialled in the field of miscarriage; a practice issue for midwives in New Zealand. Research participants were recruited through ‘word of mouth’ and snowballing methods. Twenty women participated in the research project and of these nine identified as midwives. Twelve participants were of Non Maori descent, including four women who were immigrants to New Zealand, and eight participants identified as Maori. Participants’ stories were gathered through dialogical interviews, which recognised the co-construction and exploration of knowledge. Ethical tenets outlined in the methodology involved the use of extensive, ongoing consultation with Maori, midwifery and local communities. Maori, women, and midwives share an oral culture that values narratives as facilitating the constitution of identities, creation and transmission of knowledge, and the development of social relationships. Whole narrative, thematic and narrative elements analyses of participants’ miscarriage-related talk have been developed through drawing on kaupapa Maori philosophy, the social theories of Pierre Bourdieu, Michel Foucault, Bruno Latour, Paul Ricouer, and Rom Harre as well as the narrative concepts of Arthur Frank and Margaret Somers. Substantive chapters explore whakapapa, corporeal temporalities, narrative silences and women’s desires for recognition and relationships. A new theory is advanced that methodologies, narratives, genealogies, temporalities, silences and women voices are simultaneously co-constituted metaphysical and material technologies. These heterogeneous and relational entities are collectively perceived as actants, hybrid actors, actor networks as well as technologies, which exist within a range of dynamic and hierarchical networks and/or fields in which this thesis is also embedded. My development of a multicultural midwifery research methodology informed by multidisciplinary theoretical approaches is innovative for midwifery research and theory, and potentially other health disciplines. My research also addresses gaps in midwifery, miscarriage–related, professional development, Maori health and health research literature.
