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Author: search.filters.author.Parker KSubject: search.filters.subject.alcohol

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    The association of parental or caregiver alcohol use with child maltreatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction, 2025-04-29) Leung JYY; Parker K; Lin E-Y; Huckle T
    Background and Aims: Caregiver alcohol use is a risk factor for child maltreatment, but a previous meta-analysis was limited to physical abuse only. We aimed to quantify the association of parental or caregiver alcohol use with child maltreatment and assess if this differs by incidence or recurrence of maltreatment and level of caregiver alcohol use. Methods: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies according to a registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42020211585). We searched the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library in November 2024. We included studies that reported the association of interest. We excluded studies that only assessed prenatal alcohol use or caregiver substance use, and studies that did not adjust for socio-economic position. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles for relevance, extracted data from the included studies and assessed the methodological quality of studies using criteria adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. We performed meta-analyses using inverse variance weighting and random effects models. Results: We included seven studies on child maltreatment incidence and five on recurrence. All were cohort studies in high-income countries: three in Australia, one in Denmark, one in New Zealand, two in South Korea, one in the United Kingdom and four in the United States. The sample size ranged from 501 to 84 245 (median 4782). Caregiver alcohol-related diagnoses were associated with higher child maltreatment incidence [odds ratio (OR) = 2.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–4.89] and recurrence (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.13–3.28) compared with caregivers without alcohol-related diagnoses. An association of any caregiver drinking with child maltreatment incidence could not be ruled out (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.72–2.08). The review was limited by high heterogeneity and variable reporting of alcohol use and child maltreatment; however, we obtained similar results after sensitivity analysis and adjustment for reporting bias. Conclusions: Caregiver alcohol use may be an important risk factor for child maltreatment, adding to the growing body of evidence on alcohol's harm to others and calling for stronger actions to reduce alcohol harm.
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    Effective alcohol policies and lifetime abstinence: An analysis of the International Alcohol Control policy index
    (John Wiley and Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs, 2023-03) Leung J; Casswell S; Parker K; Huckle T; Romeo J; Graydon-Guy T; Byron K; Callinan S; Chaiyasong S; Gordon R; Harker N; MacKintosh AM; Meier P; Paraje G; Parry CD; Pham C; Williams PP; Randerson S; Schelleman-Offermans K; Sengee G; Torun P; van Dalen W
    Introduction Alcohol abstinence remains common among adults globally, although low and middle-income countries are experiencing declines in abstention. The effect of alcohol policies on lifetime abstinence is poorly understood. The International Alcohol Control (IAC) policy index was developed to benchmark and monitor the uptake of effective alcohol policies and has shown strong associations with alcohol per capita consumption and drinking patterns. Uniquely, the index incorporates both policy ‘stringency’ and ‘impact’, reflecting policy implementation and enforcement, across effective policies. Here we assessed the association of the IAC policy index with lifetime abstinence in a diverse sample of jurisdictions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between the IAC policy index score, and its components, and lifetime abstinence among adults (15+ years) in 13 high and middle-income jurisdictions. We examined the correlations for each component of the index and stringency and impact separately. Results Overall, the total IAC policy index scores were positively correlated with lifetime abstinence (r = 0.76), as were both the stringency (r = 0.62) and impact (r = 0.82) scores. Marketing restrictions showed higher correlations with lifetime abstinence than other policy domains (r = 0.80), including restrictions on physical availability, pricing policies and drink-driving prevention. Discussion and Conclusion Our findings suggest that restricting alcohol marketing could be an important policy for the protection of alcohol abstention. The IAC policy index may be a useful tool to benchmark the performance of alcohol policy in supporting alcohol abstention in high and middle-income countries.