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End date: 1979Subject: search.filters.subject.Romney Marsh sheep

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    An introduction to the study of skeletal correlations in the N.Z. Romney Marsh : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science in Animal Husbandry / by "Chirp"
    (Massey University, 1934) Chirp; Lamont, Norman
    When this work was undertaken it was quite impossible to have anticipated the difficulties that were encountered. It soon became apparent however, that the approach to a new study involved a great deal of work of a collateral nature, having little direct bearing on the actual object of the investigation. In particular it was necessary to become generally familiar with certain branches of statistical method and to become very fully acquainted with the real signigifance of certain mathematical devices. Statistical studies consumed the greater proportion of the time available for this work with the result that only a portion of the information contained in the data could be extracted. Indeed, a complete analysis of the data collected and recorded, using the methods evolved in this paper, would itself involve many months' work. However, since the development of the analytical methodology has no direct bearing on the subject of skeletal correlations the paper has been divided into two parts. Part 1 deals with the measurements made and the interpretation and discussion of the correlation coefficients that were calculated. In Part 11 has been collected, all those considerations which were essentially incidental to the investigation - that is, selection of material technique of measuring etc. and in particular, the discovery of appropriate analytical devices for treating the data. [From Foreword]
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    A study of milk production as it affects lamb growth in Romney and Cheviot crossbred sheep : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science of the University of New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1952) Roberts, Euan Maurice
    Romney and Cheviot Threequarter bred 6 year old ewes, all with twin lambs, were found to produce similar quantities of milk in a 12 week lactation. The Cheviot halfbred ewes produced less milk than either the Romney or 3/4 Cheviot ewes but the disadvantage was not thought to be of an hereitary nature. Both Cheviot groups of ewes gave significantly richer milk than the Romney group. When mated to Southdown rams the ewes of the Romney and each Cheviot breed produced lambs which made similar liveweight gains.
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    A study of the Romney fat lamb ewe, with particular reference to milk secretion and its effect on fat lamb production : thesis submitted by "392" [Alan Graham Logan] for the M. Agr. Sc. degree at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1946) Logan, Alan Graham
    One of the distinguishing characteristics of mammals, is the dependance of the young, during early post-natal life, on nourish­ment secreted by the mammary gland of the mother. Hence milk secretion is of fundamental importance in all our farm animals with the exception of poultry. The essential attributes of milk (viz., high water content and liquid state, high digestibility, high protein content of excellent biological value, high calcium and phosphorus and the presence of most of the necessary vitamins) are specially suited to the needs of young rapidly growing animals. In dairy cattle extensive study has been made of milk­ producing ability and conscious effort made to improve this by breeding, and nutrition. Comparison of the characteristics of modern dairy cattle (highly developed milking qualities but inferior meat carcasses) and of beef cattle (early-maturing and good carcass quality but often poor milk yield) clearly indicate the extent of improvement from the wild form and the variation in productive efficiency of different types. Valuable work on the milk-producing ability of other species, and its relationship to the welfare of the young has been carried out by Bonsma and Oosthuizen (1) and Donald (7) with Sows; and Ritzman (30), Fuller and Kleinhanz (10), Neidig and Iddings (24), Bonsma (2,3), 30a, Pierce (27,28) with ewes of non-milking breeds, and by several workers with specialised milking sheep, Scheingraber (31), Muhlberg (23), Maule (17). [From Introduction]
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    A study of the effects of plane of nutrition on milk secretion and lamb growth in Romney sheep, and the effect of weaning date on the growth of Romney lambs : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Agricultural Science of the University of New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1952) Murray, Paul Frederick
    The productivity of an animal depends on two factors, its potentiality, which is governed by its hereditary make-up, and the extent to which that potentiality is allowed to develop, this being regulated by the environment that characterises the habitat. The effects of genotype are obviously shown by the differences between breeds of stock in the amount and quality of meat, wool and milk they produce; but within breeds these effects are not so apparent though they have been conclusively demonstrated, e.g. yield and quality between flocks of Romney sheep. Environmental influence on productivity is limited at the maximum level by the genotype, i.e. no matter how good the environment, the animal cannot produce more than the maximum ordained by the genes it possesses. Conversely, below the genotypic maximum, the environment can regulate the coiling level of production. This interplay of factors is well illustrated by the adaptability of different breeds of sheep to different habitats, e, g. the Romney is predominant in the North Island hill country while in the South the Merino and its crosses assume a greater importance. Within a population with approximately common genotype, e.g. a single flock of uniform breed, the effects of environment below the threshold set by the genotype can be widely varied, e.g. the growth of lambs in a drought can be severely set back. It is with the effects of a particular factor of environment, i.e. nutrition, on the milk production and lamb growth of such a population that this investigation is concerned.
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    The structure of the wool follicle with special reference to the growth and form of the fibre
    (Massey University, 1935) Rudall, K . M.
    n/a
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    A study of the follicular origin of the fibre types on N-grade Romney lambs : a thesis presented at Massey Agricultural College in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science in the University of New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1958) Wickham, George Arthur
    It has long been realised that a greater understanding of the physiology of wool follicles and the various processes involved in the growth of fibres might reveal simple, economic methods to improve the quantity and quality of wool produced by a sheep. In physiological studies of wool growth, workers unable to observe directly the functioning of the follicle have used certain features as criteria. The chief criteria used have been the following: - i measure of wool growth. ii Tho morphology of the fibre. iii Anatomy and changes in the anatomy of the skin and the follicles. In an attempt to explain the morphological differences between birthcoat fibre types, workers have formulated several hypotheses about the forces in the skin during the period of follicle development (Dry 1933 , Sutherland 1939, Goot 1940). Some workers (Galpin 1935, 1936b, Fraser 1951, 1952a 1953) have postulated that changes in the follicle population is the chief cause of these differences. If this is true there should be some relation- ship between the class of follicle and the type of fibre which it produces. While the relationship between the type of follicle and the fire it produces has been widely discussed in the literature, little experimental work has been carried out to find the true origin of the different fibre types. [From Introduction]
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    Some aspects of the progeny testing of New Zealand Romney Marsh rams : being a thesis presented by "393" for the Animal Husbandry Section of the Master of Agricultural Science Degree.
    (Massey University, 1946) Rae, Alexander Lindsay
    Present animal breeding methods were devised empirically. many of them having their beginnings far into pre-historic and pre-scientific times. Men found by actual experience that certain procedures generally gave more desirable results than other procedures although the basic reasons for this were unknown. Selection, or the choosing for breeding purposes of those animals deemed to be superior, has been the most important of these methods and indeed, fundamental to the application of any breeding system. the quality of all types of livestock as we know them to-day is largely the result of its consistent application as a breeding method. Selection has as its objective the identification and propogation of those superior individuals which are believed to be capable of reproducing their good qualities in their offspring. The major emphasis must be placed on the word "identification". It is in this word that are embodied the essential differences in the methods of application of selection to live-stock breeding. Three methods can be used for the identification of superior animals, by the individual merit of the animal, by the evaluation of its pedigree and finally by the evaluation of its offspring. [From Introduction]
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    Directional flow of Fallopian tube secretions in the Romney ewe : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1967) Bellvé, Anthony R
    Each normally implanted embryo is preceded by the successful transfer of spermatozoa and ova to the ampulla of the Fallopian tube, fertilisation, and subsequent delivery of fertilised ova to the uterus after a suitable period of time. Any malfunction in the mechanisms controlling these processes can seriously interfere with the ability of an individual, or species, to reproduce. It is therefore necessary to gain a closer understanding of the physiological mechanisms controlling these events. The review presented in this chapter outlines present knowledge on the mechanics, and time relationships, of normal entry and passage of gametes through the Fallopian tube. B. ANATOMY OF THE FALLOPAIN TUBE 1. Morphology The Fallopian tubes are bilaterally placed, each being suspended by a mesenteric peritoneal fold, the mesosalpinx. The following regions of each Fallopian tube are easily recognised (Piliero, Jacobs & Wischnitzer, 1965): 1. The funnel shaped infundibulum containing a fimbriated opening, the abdominal ostium, projecting towards and in contiguity with the ovary. 2. An intermediate dilated portion, the ampulla. 3. The isthmus, a constricted and convoluted segment, providing continuity between its uterine orifice, the utero-tubal junction, and the ampulla. The vascular system of the Fallopian tube has not been clearly defined. Arterial blood originates from anastomoses of the uterine and utero-ovarian arteries in the cow (Hansel & Asdell, 1951), ewe (Sisson & Grossman, 1953), and appears to be similar in the sow (Oxenreider, McGlure & Day, 1965). The venous system follows a pattern similar to the arterial while lymph drainage occurs via the lumbar and inguinal nodes (Sisson & Grossman, 1953). Sympathetic innervation links with the ovarian and hypogastric plexus. Recent evidence reported by Brundin (1964a) suggests ampulla innervation is cholinergic, while fluorescent staining techniques (Brundin & Wirsen, 1964b) indicated adrenergic nerve terminals in the isthmus of the rabbit.
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    Studies of the coat of the Romney lamb : practical and theoretical aspects of hair morphology, with special reference to the evolution of the fleece : thesis submitted by "Bourn" [for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science]
    (Massey University, 1940) Goot, Henry
    The original purpose of the present thesis was to answer this question: "To what extent is a britch of high halo-hair abundance an indicator of the non-kemp hairiness of the fleece?" It was assumed by Dr Dry in the light of earlier observations, that, on a britch with very many halo-hairs, the large Curly Tip fibres would be very hairy, and this has proved to be so. Especially did we want to learn about the degree of hairiness on the part of the fleece near to the britch. The gradient over the body from the britch was also much in mind, all the more because the boundary between the area on the britch with very many halo hairs and the neighbouring region with far fewer halo hairs is often abrupt. The aim of the work was that just defined, but the analysis of the samples examined provided information on a number of other matters, several of which may be thought more interesting than the problem proposed at the outset. These various results are reported in this thesis.
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    Studies of the coat in the New Zealand Romney Marsh N-type sheep / Code Number 148
    (Massey University, 1945) Ross, Janet
    Kemps may be defined as hairy fibres which are shed after a short period of growth. Birthcoat kemps are succeeded by fibres in the same follicle, and there may be varying amounts of this second generation that are also shed. Thus, successions of kemp often continue throughout the life of the sheep making the fleece uneven in a way usually undesirable. Previous studies have shown that selection against high abundance of halo-hairs is effective in elimination kemp. Although kemps are associated with coarse fleeces with high abundance of halo-hairs, they are not always present. A hairy birthcoat follicle after growing and shedding a kemp may produce fibres of persistent growth; hence this study should have significance for breeders of Mountain Sheep which characteristically have hairy birthcoats. It is understood that a thick, hairy birthcoat of halo-hairs with a minimum of kemp in the adult fleece is desirable in the Scotch Black-face lamb. The various characteristic fibre types of the sheep's fleece have been studied and classified by Dry (1933). According to the collection of these types present in one sample of wool, certain characteristic arrays can be recognised (Dry 1934). There arrays can be arranged in a series:- those with sickle fibres are non-Plateau with few halo hairs and include Salle, Ravine, Valley and Plain arrays; those without sickle fibres are Plateau, coarse arrays with many large hairy halo-hairs. The former type of array, non-Plateau, is found on finer woolled sheep such as Wensleydales, fine Romneys ets. while the latter type of array, Plateau, is found on N-type Romneys and Mountain breeds such as Scottish Blackface.