Massey Documents by Type

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Start date: 1990End date: 1999

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    Money talks : a critique of gender and class relations in the family : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Massey University
    (Massey University, 1991) Morine, Rodney G
    This study is about the relationship between women and men in the household. The impact of the non-domestic sphere on the domestic sphere, and vice-versa, is its focus. It explores control over financial resources and the allocation of domestic tasks. Despite a common belief between husbands and wives of more egalitarian ideals operating in both the non-domestic and domestic spheres, this study confirms that inequalities continue. Both gender and class condition the roles of women and men, and the distribution of resources in the household. Overall, men still hold more control over resources than women. However, women with tertiary qualifications, marketable skills and the material resources, had more control over money management and task allocation in their homes relative to women who were either full-time housewives and mothers, or were part of the secondary labour market.
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    Aldehyde dehydrogenase and disulfiram : a collection of published papers presented in application for the degree of Doctor of Science, Massey University, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1991) Kitson, Trevor M
    The scientific publications contained herein constitute the results of nearly twenty years of research into aldehyde dehydrogenase, disulfiram, and related topics. I came to the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Massey University in January 1972 as a Post-Doctoral Fellow after having completed an M.A. (First Class Honours) in Natural Science (Chemistry) and a D. Phil. (involving enzyme kinetics and enzyme modifiction), both at Oxford. Since the years of my doctorate, I hope I have become reasonably proficient in certain biochemical techniques necessary for the study of enzymology (isolation, purification, chemical modification, kinetics, etc.), but I retain a strong interest in chemistry. Organic chemistry was my favourite subject at school and as an undergraduate, and is still my major concern as a University lecturer. Someone once said that "any competent organic chemist can do biochemistry in his spare time". That may be an exaggeration, but there is no doubt that a sure foundation in organic chemistry is extremely useful for biochemical research. It is my belief that the papers presented here illustrate several cases where a sound knowledge and an application of chemistry have corrected mistakes or clarified difficulties in my particular area of biochemical research. [From Introduction]
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    The interaction of group 15 and 16 donor ligands with the later transition metals : a collection of published papers presented in application for the degree of Doctor of Science at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1999) Brodie, Andrew M
    The scientific publications contained in this thesis are the results of approximately 30 years of transition metal chemistry research, mainly pursued at Massey University. The emphasis has been on the synthesis of interesting new compounds and their subsequent characterisation using a variety of physicochemical techniques. Where appropriate reactivity studies have also been carried out on the new compounds. Chapter 1 contains papers concerned with ligands containing the Group 16 donor, sulfur, although there are a few selenium donors included. The particular ligands studied are tertiary phosphine and arsine chalcogenides, thioarmides, thioureas, thiolates and thioethers with copper and the carbonyls of Group 6 and osmium.In Chapter 2, papers detailing research into the metal binding properties of the human milk protein, lactoferrin and related small molecule systems containing phenolate donors are grouped together. A number of relevant copper thiolate systems are included in this chapter as well, which link to the paper on the blue copper protein, azurin. Finally, in this chapter, are papers describing the preparation and characterisation of a number of complexes related to the antitumour copper(II) 2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone system. The theme for Chapter 3 is Group 15 donor ligand complexes, in particular those of nitrogen and phosphorus. The discovery that N-phenylthiourea could be desulfurized in a reaction with copper(II) led to the investigation of phenylcyanamides as ligands. A number of tertiary phosphine ligands have been examined, including the bulky tribenzylphosphine, and research in this area is continuing. Papers with an organometallic theme form the contents of Chapter 4.
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    Maverick politicians : their beliefs and actions : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Social Policy at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1999) Boyd, Hilary Christine
    Through interviews with maverick politicians and political commentators, this research explores the beliefs and actions of maverick politicians, a sub-group of actors within the policy-making process. It builds on previous research which focused primarily on the characteristics and beliefs of maverick politicians. This research was undertaken to ascertain the process by which the politicians attain the maverick label; explore the environment within which these politicians operate; examine the methods maverick politicians use to achieve change in policy, parliamentary practices and the political landscape; and determine their effectiveness in implementing change. Attaining the maverick status involved politicians undergoing a process of alienation from their party. They struggled to implement policy initiatives and adopted an oppositional approach as they battled with an anti­democratic policy-making process. Often unable to effect significant policy changes maverick politicians attempted reformation of the parliamentary practices and the political landscape. However, these attempts merely entrenched existing undemocratic processes. The research findings suggest that because of their underlying beliefs of how Parliament should operate maverick politicians choose to give priority to their constituents rather than to their party and support a notion of democracy that is participatory rather than representative. These choices contribute towards their maverick behaviour; result in alienation from their party; and limit their long-term effectiveness as policy-makers by leading them to focus on reformation. It is likely that, unless changes which accommodate politicians with differing views of representation and democracy occur within the parliamentary and party systems, there will continue to be disillusioned MPs who become alienated from their political parties and follow the maverick path.
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    The development of talent in adults : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Education at Massey University
    (The Author, 1999) Redwood, David John
    Giftedness and talent in children has been a significant area of research and endeavour in education over nearly a century and there is a large body of literature on the subject available to researchers. However this is not the case for adult talent and the actual process of talent development in adults has not been explored in any depth, indeed it has been ignored to a certain extent in academic research. Additionally it seems to be assumed that the process of talent development in adults is the same or very similar to that in children. One of the central foci of this study is the proposition that talent development in adults does not follow the same process as that in children, indeed in many aspects it is quite different. Adults are not merely older children who perceive, judge and act in the same ways that children do and so why would they develop talent in the same way or for the same reasons that children do? The question is also asked as to whether an adult would have to be gifted in order to develop talent? In this study the life paths of a small group of talented individuals were investigated and major causal and a-causal influences identified in their histories. A form of enquiry was developed that focused on synthesising the various influences so as to interpret the process of talent development. This was termed Critical Life Path analysis and by using quantum and systems notions a description of life path processes was attempted. The Critical Life Path is viewed as a holistic, interconnected process in which the outcomes are determined by the combinative effects of critical influences identified by the participants and genetically based patterns of preference that resulted in timely and efficacious patterns of behaviour. These patterns of thinking and action enabled the individuals to increasingly construct supportive and special environments that were synchronous with their proposed inherited patterns of preference and to progress rapidly and effectively along unique paths of talent development.
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    Synthetic studies towards dictyoxetane and the dolabellanes : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry, Massey University, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1997) MacKenzie, Karla Ruth
    Dictyoxetane (1) has been isolated from Dictyota dichotoma, a brown alga found in the Indian Ocean. It has an unusual pentacyclic structure which has not yet been synthesised. It is a diterpene which is closely related to the dolabellanes, an important class of bioactive compounds. A stereoselective synthesis of the linearly fused cyclohept[f]indene system is described. Selective epoxidation of cycle-octadiene (142), followed by hydrolysis to the diol (143) and oxidative cleavage allowed preparation of the dialdehyde (141) on large scale. Treatment of this with potassium carbonate causes an intramolecular aldol reaction to form cycloheptadiene- carboxaldehyde (140). An E- selective Wittig reaction is performed with 4- carboxybutyl-triphenylphosphium bromide, to produce the acid (139). This is subsequently converted to the vinyl ketone (138) followed by an intramolecular Diels Alder reaction to produce the desired cyclohept[f]indene (137a). Utilisation of a Z- selective Wittig reaction produced methyl ester (145z). Conversion to cyclohept[f]indene occurred via an intramolecular Diels-Alder of the subsequent vinyl ketone (138z). Conversion of acid (139) to the methyl ester (145) followed by an intermolecular Diels Alder gave the endo- product. Subsequent attempts to cyclise this to the cyclohept[f]indene via an intramolecular Claisen reaction to give the third isomer were unsuccessful. Cyclohept[f]indene is the backbone for dictyoxetane and can be efficiently synthesised in eight steps from 1,5-cyclo-octadiene (142) in a diastereoselective synthesis. This route allows for further modification of functionality to the linearly fused ring system and paves the way for further synthetic studies towards the dolabellanes.
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    The relationship between team characteristics and team effectiveness : an integration of Campion's and Cohen's models : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Studies at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1997) Little, Kerri M.
    This study uses 22 teams from 3 organisations to examine the influence of team characteristics on the effectiveness of work teams. The model tested is an integration of Cohen's (1994) and Campion, Medsker, and Higgs' (1993) models. Five independent characteristics are used: task design, interdependencies, composition, context, and process. These are examined along with four effectiveness criteria: perceived performance, quality of work life, managers' judgements of performance, and withdrawal behaviour. The results of a path analysis show that task design and process characteristics predict team members' ratings of performance and quality of work life while interdependence and composition characteristics predict only team members' ratings of performance. As hypothesised, team members' quality of work life negatively predicts their withdrawal behaviour.
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    Venison and velvet production from Red and hybrid deer by one year of age : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science in Animal Science at Massey University, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 1996) Min, Byeng-Ryel
    A grazing experiment was conducted at Massey University Deer Research Unit, Palmerston North, New Zealand during 1995, to study the effects of grazing chicory (Cichorium intybus), Lotus comiculatus and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)lwhite clover (Trifolium repens) pasture upon the growth, voluntary feed intake (VFI), venison and velvet production of red and hybrid (0.75 red;0.25 elk) deer from weaning to slaughter at one year of age. The animals were randomly allocated to graze either chicory, lotus or pasture and grazed these forages during autumn and spring using a rotational grazing system, with each group balanced for genotype and sex. All groups were joined to graze pasture during winter, when chicory and lotus were dormant. 1. Few animals attained the target slaughter weight (50kg carcass or greater) when grazing pasture and spiker velvet antler weight was low at approximately 0.2 kg per stag. 2. In this study the greatest advantages obtained for specialist forages were for chicory. Carcass weight of deer grazing chicory was higher than for deer grazing pasture, due mainly to increasing autumn LWG and dressing-out percentage at slaughter, with a smaller response in spring LWG. The largest carcass weights were consistently obtained from hybrid stags grazing on chicory, with values for red deer and hybrid stags being 56.0 and 59.3 kg when grazed on chicory and 48.6 and 53.3 kg respectively when grazed on pasture. Chicory had a higher organic matter digestibility (OMO) and VFI than pasture during autumn but similar values in spring, accounting for its autumn growth stimulation. Carcass subcutaneous fat depth (GR) was higher for deer grazing chicory than pasture, but after being adjusted to equal carcass weight, there was no difference in GR measurement. Relative to deer grazing on pasture, grazing on chicory increased total spiker velvet antler production (323 v 225 g/stag), by advancing the dates of pedicle initiation (18 days), velvet antler initiation (24 days), and first velvet cutting (17 days) and increasing the rate of velvet antler length growth. Initiation of velvet growth was correlated with liveweight, with each 10 kg increase in liveweight advancing the dates of pedicle initiation, commencement of velvet growth and first velvet cutting by 10, 18 and 13 days respectively. Correction of the data to equal liveweight removed a component of the advancement produced from feeding on chicory, but an effect still remained due to chicory feeding per se. It was concluded that grazing chicory not only increased carcass weight (especially in hybrid stags), but also increased velvet antler production. This was achieved by increased VFI and increased OMO of chicory in autumn, relative to deer grazing pasture, and probably by increased absorption of protein and minerals in deer fed chicory. 3. OMO of lotus was higher than that of pasture during autumn, but not in spring. The OMO of either chicory or lotus showed little change between seasons, but pasture changed with the season, being of lowest OMO in autumn and highest OMO in spring. 4. Responses to deer grazing lotus were limited by the reduced number of grazing days that could be achieved, due to problems in lotus establishment. In spite of these problems, grazing lotus (48 gCT/kg OM) did increase the LWG of stags during autumn (248 v 176 g/day) and increased the efficiency of growth in spring, with LWG being similar to deer grazing pasture, but VFI being lower (1.53 v 2.00 kgOM/day) for lotus compared to pasture. Although deer grazing lotus had a similar carcass weight compared to deer grazing pasture, dressing-out percentages of deer grazing lotus were higher than that of deer grazing pasture (56.4 v 53.2 %). The carcass GR tissue depth of deer grazing lotus had similar values compared to pasture. There was no interaction between forage and genotype for carcass weight and dressing out percentage. Stags grazing lotus did not show any advancement in dates of pedicle initiation, velvet antler initiation and weight of velvet production compared to stags grazing pasture. 5. Total condensed tannin (CT) concentration in lotus was 48 and 13 g/kgOM in hand plucked and oesophageal fistulae (OF) extrusa samples respectively. Most CT in hand plucked lotus samples was extractable, with much smaller amounts being protein-bound or fibre-bound. Extractable CT was not detected in lotus OF extrusa samples, and the concentration of protein-bound and fibre-bound CT remained similar to hand plucked samples. Therefore, after chewing during eating, the extractable component of CT in lotus feed could not be extracted and detected by the Butanol/HCI analysis methods and may have been bound to deer salivary proteins. Total CT in both hand plucked and OF extrusa samples was 3.1 v 5.8 g/kgOM for chicory and 0.3 v 1.5 g/kgOM for pasture. As a result, chewing (in OF samples) did not reduce the CT content of pasture or chicory. This may be due to the low concentration of extractable CT (and high proportions of bound CT) in these forages, which may have limited access for the deer salivary CT-binding proteins. 6. Overall it was concluded that chicory was of very high feeding value (FV) and had excellent nutritional advantages for increasing deer production. However, crops of chicory need to have specialised grazing management to increase persistency. New chicory cultivars need to be selected to increase persistency and to reduce reproductive stem formation during summer. Effects of protein supply on initiation of pedicle and velvet antler development in weaner stags grazing fresh forages also needs to be studied. The small responses obtained in the present study give some indication that the CT content of Lotus comiculatus may have a number of values for improving the efficiency of growth in young deer. Further experiments are needed in this area.
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    A history of collection development at the Suter Art Gallery, Nelson, 1896-1997 : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Museum Studies at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1997) Taylor, Judith M.
    The dissertation outlines the history of the collection at the Suter Art Gallery and traces patterns of collecting and collection growth there. The broader New Zealand historical, sociological and museological context of the collection is considered and discussed with reference to literature on collecting in other New Zealand institutions. The influence of shifting cultural fields and their effect on collecting at the Suter Art Gallery is considered. Reassessment of the collection and changes in collecting practices at the Gallery are examined with reference to specific events and influences. The extent to which the collection is representative of the growth and development of the arts and artistic production in the Nelson Region is discussed. Unique characteristics of the collection are identified and discussed. Possible directions for the future of collecting at the Gallery are outlined.