Massey Documents by Type

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.Ethnic identity

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    Communicating work culture adaptation techniques of Filipino migrants in New Zealand : Kampanteng Kiwinoys : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communication and Journalism at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2025-08-26) Separa, Lenis Aislinn
    Filipinos are the third-largest Asian ethnic group and the second-fastest-growing population of migrants in New Zealand (Asia New Zealand Foundation, 2020; Statistics New Zealand, 2024a). With the continuous influx of migrant workers from the Philippines for the last 19 years, New Zealand has been home to several migrants working in the health, construction, dairy, and information technology industries. Through the lens of cultural fusion theory, this study provides insights into the cultural adaptation of Kiwinoys in the workplace. Specifically, this study: (1) describes the cultural adaptation experiences of people in New Zealand; (2) identifies to what extent Filipino migrants choose acculturation over cultural maintenance; and (3) determines the extent receptivity and conformity pressure from the dominant culture in New Zealand affect intercultural transformation among Filipino migrants. The first article reveals that the cultural adaptation of immigrants in New Zealand can be traced along the acculturation, cultural adaptation, and cultural fusion of Berry (1970, 2003, 2005, 2006), Aycan and Berry (1996), and Sam and Berry (2010) on acculturation, Kim (2001, 2017) on cross-cultural cultural adaptation, Kraidy (2005) on cultural hybridity, and Croucher and Kramer (2016) on cultural fusion theory. The results of the second article reveal that ecological adaptability, language use, media language, and community engagement positively relate to acculturation. The results of the third article suggest that both host receptivity and host conformity pressure are positively related to intercultural transformation. The results of this study enrich existing theories on cultural adaptation and intercultural communication and provide deeper and wider perspectives on how Filipinos thrive as an ethnocultural group in New Zealand.
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    Unpacking ethnology within contemporary paradigms (the practice of packaging, transfer, and delivery) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Creative Arts at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2023) Henare-Findlay, Fraser
    This thesis examines multi-layered notions of Māori identity and descriptions of Māori contextualised against a personal artistic response to being Māori. The art of packaging, transfer, and delivery is presented as an artistic embodiment of Māori identity, illustrating how popular beliefs shape not only the construction of identity but also influence cultural institutions and affiliations. Examples of Māori identity are discussed throughout the study to illustrate how artists and established practices embracing Māori concepts advance Māori identity. The packaged artworks explore the theme of identity by weaving together narratives and concepts that draw attention to the displaced and disconnected perspective of what it means to be Māori. They also shed light on the subjugation and stereotyping of Māori culture and identity. This sense of displacement is intricately linked to the process of postage, delivery, and receipt. Ethnology, which is essentially the comparative study of ethnicity to understand the characteristics of different peoples (races) and the differences and relationships between them, is featured in the thesis title and in the packaged artwork that constitutes the practical component of the thesis. However, it is not extensively discussed within the thesis itself. This is not due to its lack of importance as a field of study but rather because the packaged artworks primarily feature various characters who have been either created for the screen or have developed personas within the music industry. Most of these characters are 'constructed' identities, meaning they have been shaped to adopt the attitudes of the screenwriter. These diverse characters have played a significant role in shaping my own identity and have contributed to who I am today. In this study, a comprehensive examination of Māori identity, art, and the prevalent impacts of stereotyping and discrimination will be conducted through a diverse range of methodological approaches. These multifaceted methods will not only inform the creative and theoretical dimensions of the artwork but also highlight the relationship between Māori identity and the researcher. Key methodologies, such as Kaupapa Māori research and Autoethnography, will be applied, with a particular focus on incorporating personal experiences and reflections into the research process, inspiring and clarifying the intended significance of the artwork.
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    Measuring Māori identity and health : the cultural cohort approach : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Health at Massey University, Palmerston North, Aotearoa New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2023) Stevenson, Brendan
    Current statistical methods of disaggregating populations by ethnic or cultural identity wrongly assume cultural invariance within an ethnic population over time and place. Calculating risk factors between ethno-cultural populations also wrongly assumes homogeneity of risk, obscuring what may be distinct sub-populations with very different demographics, risk profiles, and health outcomes. The Cultural Cohort Approach (CCA) proposes a novel method for understanding within-ethnic population difference, whereby cultural identity is framed as the enduring membership of multiple related cultural cohorts, rather than the contextual and unstable measure of ethnic group affiliation currently used. It predicts that multiple cultural cohorts exist inside an ethno-cultural population, that these cultural cohorts are resilient and culturally distinct, exist over generations, and can divide at pre-existing social or economic stratifications in response to powerful external forces. The cultural cohort approach unites history, extant identity theories and research to identify and describe these within-ethnic cultural cohorts. The measurement of a Māori cultural cohort joins existing Māori identity research, historical documents, and personal accounts to enumerate distinct Māori cultural cohorts, describe relationships between cultural cohorts, and exclude unrelated cultural cohorts. Across three distinct components of this thesis the Cultural Cohort Approach (CCA) is first described and a worked example of its use in identifying Māori cultural cohorts given. Second, these hypothesised cultural cohorts were mapped to a cross-sectional data collection wave of Māori participants (n=3287, born between 1941 and 1955) from Massey University’s longitudinal Health, Work and Retirement (HWR) study in a test of the CCA’s predictive accuracy using latent class analysis. Third, longitudinal HWR study data for Māori participants (n=1252, born between 1941 and 1955) was used in a second worked example to test the stability of the predicted cultural cohorts using latent transition analyses and further refine the CCA. The Māori cultural cohorts identified using the CCA had clear narratives, shared cultural characteristics, and identifiable cultural differences that persisted across time as predicted. The CCA will allow researchers to better represent the diverse lived realities of ethno-cultural populations and support more nuanced analytical insights into how health and well-being is patterned between distinct cultural cohorts.
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    Prominent New Zealand flags and changing notions of identity : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2021) Mulholland, Malcolm
    Prominent flags have played an important role in signalling and generating collective identities in New Zealand’s history, but to date there has been little scholarly research in this field. This thesis investigates factors that have shaped attitudes towards prominent flags in New Zealand, and to what extent have they changed over time. It does so with reference to their role in promoting national identity in general, as well as investigating the role of flags in Māori communities. As such, there is also a particular focus on the role of flags acting as symbols of unity and dissent. The thesis argues that flags were adopted early by Māori and have continued to reflect a spectrum of Māori identities; that transnational influences are present regarding prominent flags in New Zealand, especially the influence of Australia; that the New Zealand Flag and Union Jack reflect a dual identity and a period of New Zealand identity coined as ‘recolonization’; that the New Zealand Flag is an example of an ‘invented tradition’ that was particularly prominent in arguing against changing the New Zealand Flag during the 2015/2016 flag referenda; and finally, it argues that New Zealand could be identified as a ‘teenager’ of ‘Mother Britain’, given the increasing number of citizens who are comfortable replacing the current New Zealand Flag.