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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.attitude

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    Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Smallholder Dairy Cattle Farmers in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Survey on Cattle Infertility
    (MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, 2025-10) Ngou A; Laven R; Parkinson T; Kashoma I; Donaghy D
    Infertility is one of the major farming constraints facing smallholder dairy cattle farming in Tanzania. Despite its impact, there is limited information on how farmers understand and manage it. The present study aimed to assess farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to dairy cattle infertility. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire involving 301 farmers across six major dairy-farming regions: Tanga, Arusha, Kilimanjaro, Mbeya, Morogoro and Njombe. Overall, 95% of respondents reported encountering infertility on their farms. Farmers were asked to identify signs of infertility from the list of 10 (8 correct and 2 distractors); the median score for correct identification was 7 (range 2–10). The most recognised sign was return to oestrus after insemination (94%). Most farmers correctly identified low milk yield and mastitis as not being signs of infertility. The main reported causes included poor nutrition/housing (93%), livestock diseases (89%), poor record keeping (85%), and poor oestrus detection (83%). Nearly all (98%) viewed infertility as a serious issue, predominantly naming repeat breeding (95%) and failure to produce a calf/year (90%). Management strategies included seeking veterinary services (94%), slaughter (69%), sell to other farmers (23%) and self-treatment (16%). Our findings highlight widespread awareness of infertility while pointing out gaps in management, which reinforces the need for improved farmer education and support services.
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    Self-viewing and attitudes towards distance learning : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Information Sciences at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2023) Yu, Ting
    The outbreak of COVID-19 has dramatically changed learning modes worldwide. To reduce and avoid physical contact, teachers and students conduct remote studies via video conferencing. In this study, we explore the relationship between self-viewing and the attitudes towards distance learning and analyze the factors (such as self-awareness, engagement and communication) influencing this relationship in distance learning. Data is collected using questionnaires (N = 863, in which teachers are 200 and students are 663) comprising eight Likert scales (four for teachers, four for students) on teachers’ and students’ video conferencing. The results show that for distance learning, (i) the frequency of self-viewing can directly affect attitude, and (ii) the frequency of self-viewing can also indirectly affect attitude through communication, engagement, and self-awareness. In this study, the results provide new ideas for the research on cognitive theory, verify objective self-awareness theory and provide some implications for the use of cameras and the effect of cameras on academic performance in distance learning.