Massey Documents by Type

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/294

Browse

Filters

2023 - 20253

Settings

Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.illness

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Perspectives on health and illness
    (Massey University, 2025-07-16) Morison T; Gibson A; Riley S; McGuigan K
    Taking a critical perspective, as we do in this book, involves going beyond the surface appearance of an idea or phenomenon to determine why it is the way it is (Baum, 2015). For (critically oriented) health psychology, this means scrutinising health-related issues through a lens that questions underlying assumptions, power dynamics, and social structures. It also means questioning our very understanding of the notion of health, which we frequently take for granted, and which is the focus of this chapter. The questions that may spring to mind are: What is the point of recognising and unpacking different, changing understandings of health and illness? And, Why is taking this critical perspective necessary or valuable? This chapter tackles these questions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Diagnosis as a social and political practice
    (Massey University, 2025-07-16) Morison T; Sarah R
    In this chapter, we examine diagnosis not just as a process of labelling diseases, but as a practice that establishes a shared understanding of what constitutes sickness—an understanding shaped by values, norms, and biology, and imbued with significant social consequences (Jutel, 2024). We begin by asking, “What is diagnosis?”—exploring how naming and framing create diagnostic systems that often struggle with ambiguity. Next, we examine diagnosis as a social tool. In medical interactions, healthcare providers wield the “power to name,” raising questions: Who benefits from specific diagnoses? What role do they play in maintaining the status quo and, hence, social inequity? We also consider diagnosis in the context of medicalisation, whereby everyday experiences are reframed as medical issues through diagnostic classifications. We discuss the benefits, such as validation and care, and drawbacks, including stigma and oversimplification, associated with this practice.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characteristics of atypical sleep durations among older compared to younger adults: Evidence from New Zealand Health Survey
    (Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America, 2023-02-02) Gibson R; Akter T; Jones C; Towers A
    BACKGROUND: Understanding and supporting sleep is important across the lifespan. Disparities in sleep status are well documented in mid-life but under-explored among older populations. METHODS: Data from 40,659 adults pooled from the New Zealand Health Surveys was used; 24.2% were 'older adults' (aged ≥65 years), 57% were female, and 20.5% of Māori ethnicity). 'Long', 'short', or 'typical' sleep categories were based on age-related National Sleep Foundation guidelines. Multinomial logistic regression examined predictors of atypical sleep, including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and health status. RESULTS: Prevalence of short and long sleep among older adults was 296 (3.0%) and 723 (7.4%), respectively. Correspondingly, prevalence among younger adults was 2521 (8.2%) and 364 (1.2%). Atypical sleep was more significantly associated with indicators of reduced socioeconomic status and ethnicity among younger rather than older adults. Within both age groups, lower physical activity was associated with long sleep status. Higher physical activity and smoking were related to short sleep status among younger adults only. Within both age groups, atypical sleep was associated with SF-12 scores indicating poorer physical and mental health. Having ≥3 health conditions was related to short sleep among the older adults, while for young adults, it was related to both atypical durations. CONCLUSIONS: Indicators of negative lifestyle and health factors remain consistent predictors of atypical sleep with ageing. However, demographic disparities are less apparent among older atypical sleepers. This study highlights individual and contextual factors associated with atypical sleep patterns which may be important for age-appropriate recognition and management of sleep problems.