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    Tusitala : teller of tales : exploring graphic representations of diasporic poetry for engaging Pasifika youth : an exegesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design, Massey University College of Creative Arts, Wellington, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2016) Flanagan, Vaughan Tangiau
    While many high achievers come from the Pasifika community, current research into New Zealand secondary schools has identified a literacy gap between students from Pasifika backgrounds and those from other ethnic groups (Telford & Tuomu’a, 2013). The findings highlight the need to investigate engaging and culturally-responsive methods for strengthening the literacy outcomes of Pasifika students. Tusitala – teller of tales aims to explore graphic narrative as a sequential storytelling method for the engagement, education and empowerment of Pasifika youth. Graphic narrative is used as an umbrella term by comic theorists to describe narrative work in the medium of graphic novels, and comics. The project is contextualised within an existing body of research into the effectiveness of graphic narratives as multimodal texts, for engaging reluctant and struggling readers. Positioned primarily as a practice-based design investigation into the potential of graphic narrative for educational outcomes, the project is further underpinned by pedagogical and sequential art theories. As a subset of this project, poetry from Pasifika authors is highlighted for its particular role in reflecting the identity and experiences of Pasifika youth today. The resulting design investigation applies both a formal analysis of graphic narrative works and textual analysis of four poems from contemporary Pasifika poets. These poems are then synthesised into a set of large posters that draw artistic influence from both Western and Indigenous precedents. The resulting set contributes to a growing body of work that reflects Pacific diasporic identity in New Zealand.
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    Scary tales for all ages : restoring fairy tale horror through illustration : an exegesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design, College of Creative Arts, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2015) Monro, Bridget
    Fear is a primal emotion, there are no age limits to experiencing it and yet horror, which has its roots in mythology, folklore and fairy tales, is generally restricted to adults. There is evidence to suggest, however, that the horror genre has psychological benefits for its audience as it allows them to confront their fears in a safe and fictional setting and that contrary to popular belief these benefits are not restricted to adults. Child psychologist Bruno Bettelheim believed that instead of sanitising fairy tales considered too dark for children, we should allow them to read the original darker folk versions. He argued that children were able to grapple with themes of loss, abandonment, injury and death and in so doing be better equipped to deal with challenges in real life. I aim to widen the age range typically associated with horror by creating an illustrative narrative that approaches the genre with both adults and children in mind. To do this I am retracing the roots of horror in fairy tale texts that resonate with all ages and which deal with universal themes and fears. In particular, my project investigates how illustration can be applied to the fairy tale The Pied Piper of Hamelin to reprise the darkness of the early Brothers Grimm narratives.