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Item Resistance training and the elderly : an investigation into psychological wellbeing and life satisfaction : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University(Massey University, 2005) Barker, Kevin MaxwellThis exploratory study examined the psychological benefits of high-intensity resistance training in an elderly age group. Participants in the sample (N=76) aged between 70-80, were randomly allocated to two groups (37 exercisers- 18 female and 19 male; 39 controls- 20 female and 19 male). Both groups completed five self-report questionnaires measuring psychological variables. The Purpose in Life Test (PIL), Profile of Mood States (POMS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Affectometer 2, Rosenbergs Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and a Dynamometer hand-grip strength test were administered pre-test, mid-test and post-test .The independent variable in this study was a 12 week high-intensity resistance training programme especially designed for this age group and supervised by qualified instructors at a commercial gymnasium. Repeated measures ANOVA produced results that indicated a high intensity resistance training programme provided strength gains, and improved some aspects of psychological wellbeing and life satisfaction components in older adults. There are positive indications from this study that this format of planned exercise can assist in the promotion of life quality enabling adaptation to changing situations often accompanying increasing age.Item The benefits of resistance training on blood lipid profile and body composition in Māori men : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Exercise and Sport Science, Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand(Massey University, 2014) Coley, Karl WilliamObjectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine whether 12 weeks of resistance training at time periods of three, 30 minute sessions per week would provide enough stimuli to reduce the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of blood lipid profile and body composition in sedentary Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) men. Methods: The study cohort consisted of a convenience sample of 16 Māori males aged 28 – 60y. Participants completed a resistance training intervention consisting of three 30 minute sessions per week for 12 weeks. Measures of pre- and post-BMI, waist to hip ratio (WHR), body composition and fasting lipids were made. Pre-, mid-, and post-intervention assessments of strength, aerobic fitness, body composition and blood composition were also undertaken. Exercise was controlled five days prior to the testing; whilst diet was restricted ~12 hours prior to blood tests. Results: Percentage body fat was significantly lower after the 12 week resistance training intervention (P<0.001) and lean body mass (LBM) was significantly higher (P<0.015). A reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) occurred (P<0.039), though a high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (P <0.8), body mass index (BMI) (P<0.469), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) (P <0.196) were not significantly different after completion of the intervention. Conclusions: This was the first study to investigate the effect of half hour resistance training bouts, three times per week on male Māori as a modality to alter their CVD risk profile. These findings support the hypothesis that resistance training can improve CVD risk profile through a change in body composition; namely a reduction in percentage body fat, increase in LBM, and a reduction in LDL-c. Although in this cohort this intervention has proved effective, further studies of larger populations are required to get a stronger level of significance.