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    An unspoken crisis : exploring the pathways of support for wāhine Māori who have or are at risk of sustaining a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) from Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Māori knowledge at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2023) McCurdy, Nicky Te Rangimarie
    Research suggests a strong association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and family violence or intimate partner violence (IPV). 1 Yet, there is very little research exploring the prevalence of TBI from IPV for wāhine Māori. And, even less research into practitioner (ngā mātanga) understanding of TBI from IPV. These knowledge gaps limits the ability of multiple social services and the health sector to respond to suffering associated with TBI. This qualitative study based on standard Māori research practices explored ngā mātanga understanding of TBI from IPV for wāhine Māori and how they navigate and support wāhine through this trauma. The intent was to identify gaps and barriers encountered in their mahi. Another goal was to map the family harm response and TBI treatment and rehabilitation process and consider its effectiveness for wāhine Māori. The data was collected from eight interviews, where a total of ten ngā mātanga participated. Ngā mātanga included social workers, a counsellor, a physiotherapist, advocates and psychologists, who for most have in some form worked with whānau impacted by family violence. Four key themes emerged from the data: 1. ngā mātanga awareness of a TBI from IPV 2. issues identifying a possible TBI from IPV 3. understanding and navigating referral pathways for TBI from IPV 4. gaps in current practitioner responses. Findings of this research demonstrated the limited awareness that surrounds this kaupapa, not just for service providers but also whānau and the general population. A second key finding is the response to family harm often centres on safety with many wāhine seldom receiving treatment or rehabilitation for TBI. This makes it difficult for wāhine and their whānau to recover and break the cycle of family harm. The final key finding is that when TBI from IPV is considered the treatment and rehabilitation pathways are not well understood, obscure and inconsistent. Of concern is that Māori understandings of dealing with and healing from trauma are seldom considered as part of the treatment and rehabilitation pathway. This information was used to consider how current practice could be reconfigured to reflect Te Ao Māori health and wellbeing priorities. It is argued that mātauranga, particularly pūrākau (narratives of our ancestors) and the concept of mana wāhine, must guide treatment and rehabilitation pathways to produce better outcomes and ultimately healing for wāhine Māori and their whānau.
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    Performing pūrākau : liberating bodies, healing wairua, and reclaiming ancestral wisdom : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2021) Pearse-Otene, Helen
    Studies by government agencies and advocacy groups report that Māori women and children are more vulnerable to experiencing family violence, sexual abuse, and incest than Pākehā. They acknowledge colonisation and historical trauma as contributing factors, and call for a systems-focused response to tackling sexual violence. This includes providing access to contextually responsive and culturally appropriate interventions. This study initially aimed to explore traditional Māori understandings of incest and healing from sexual trauma that are embedded in the pūrākau (ancestral story) of Hinetītama/Hinenui Te Pō, and her parents, Hineahuone and Tānemahuta. As it would apply a unique Māori theatre pedagogy called Theatre Marae, the project was then expanded to investigate the utility and potential of this innovative approach, which draws together Māori and non-Māori performance traditions, therapeutic models, Māori language, and customs in a process for creative inquiry. In pursuing these two activities, the resulting thesis comprises three publications. In the first article (chapter 2), I unpack the conceptual framework of Theatre Marae pedagogy as a suitable approach for kaupapa Māori (by Māori, for Māori) arts-based research against the backdrop of growing scholarship in Indigenous research and psychologies. In the second article (chapter 3), I deepen this exploration into Theatre Marae and its core methods within an historical account of the theatre company most associated with the practice, Te Rākau. The third article (chapter 4) builds on the preceding chapters by returning to the initial focus of this study and describing how Theatre Marae was applied in a performance-based analysis of this ancient pūrākau as a narrative of survival and healing. The analysis revealed new themes that highlight the collectivist customs of traditional Māori society as protective factors against the proliferation of sexual violence and incest. When drawn together in this thesis, these articles and contextualising discussion illustrate how Māori ancestral knowledge can inform the development of more culturally responsive therapies for recovery from historic sexual trauma. Furthermore, in presenting Theatre Marae to the realm of kaupapa Māori research, this thesis contributes to an international agenda to decolonise research in ways that are emancipatory, healing, and transformative for Indigenous communities.