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    Social education ; Aspects of language ; Beyond Maslow and the limits to growth
    (Massey University, 1977) Smithells, Timothy Arthur
    SECTION ONE Social Education The purpose of this paper was to present, in a study format, at a twelve to fourteen year readability level,two areas of everday life ('The Family' and 'Leaving Home') relevant to students, teachers and parents. In the first area, the topics of family groupings, family relationships and family behaviour are covered in detail, using down-to-earth terms taken from Adlerian Psychology, Abraham Maslow, Eric Berne and R.D. Laing. The basic assumption behind this paper was that these two topics are crucial ones for the adolescent to come to terms with, and important for parents, teachers and younger children to grasp. SECTION TWO Aspects of Language In the first of the three papers comprising this section, a set of basic coding/decoding units for the Romanised English alphabet are presented in detail. These are then related to the mechanisms and stages of development in the decoding process, and to the various levels of perceptual discrimination. In the second paper, the concept of decoding patterns was extended by examining the extension units (accents such as the cedilla) used in a cross-section of ten languages.Eleven such extension units were compared and contrasted, as was the internal consistency of the individual letters among the ten languages. High consistency was found to exist between T.O.A's using Romanised script. In the third paper, second language learning,in a New Zealand context, is discussed and related to the concept of language mastery. Three levels of mastery - basic, secondary and advanced - are postulated, together with examples.The conceptual process of spillover from one language to a second, through levels of mastery, to spillover back to the original language, is introduced and discussed. SECTION THREE Bevond Maslow and The Limits to Growth In this paper, Part One looks at Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and the time-space perspectives of individuals, in synthesis form, Time-space constraints are shown to operate in conjunction with the individual's need framework.The ability and capability of the self-actualising person to minimise and/or remove the constraints of time and space, in meeting his or her higher needs, is discussed. The concept of an all-embracing higher need 'the need to serve' is introduced. The ability of self-actualising persons to function effectively both in the future, and world-wide, and to be in the present is expressed in the light of their potential value to the rest of mankind. In part Two, Maslow's concept of the peak-experience is examined in three ways: in terms of the self-actualisiing person, and the methods used to produce or induce peak-experiences, the necessary and sufficient conditions for inducing the peak-experiences, and in the light of a three-tier experiment carried out by the author in 1974.Conclusions reached were that experiences similar to peak-experiences in quality may be able to be induced in oneself or in suitable subjects, under appropriate conditions. Necessary and sufficient conditions included relative silence, a visible focus-object, relative absence of physical tension, a high degree of attentional ability, and an openness to experience on the part of the individual.
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    Changing times for young minds : declining class size and Shūdan Seikatsu ideology in Hokkaido preschools : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Social Anthropology at Massey University
    (Massey University, 2007) Burke, Rachael Sarah
    Preschool educators and parents in the West commonly express the hope that young children become independent, creative individuals. In contrast, Japanese preschools work to achieve a harmonious group of children whose views and behaviour are mirrored by those of their peers. Studies point to classes as large as forty as an effective way of introducing children to "life in the group" (shūdan seikatsu), and to Japanese social values that will become essential as youngsters move into adulthood. While numerous ethnographies have been written concerning preschools in urban Honshu, how does this representation echo or differ from the contemporary experience of children, teachers and parents in rural Eastern Hokkaido? This remote area of Japan is currently facing economic decline, a dropping birthrate and depopulation which has resulted in preschool classrooms with as few as two or three children. Based on participation-observation fieldwork at five diverse preschools, this study seeks to map the relevance of shūdan seikatsu ideology to Hokkaido educators, and to identify how demographic pressures are changing classroom dynamics.
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    Induction as a method of organisational socialisation : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1981) Harvey, Bruce James
    Induction, Orientation, and training have been primarily concerned with the dissemination of information on work related role behaviour. In this study a video induction programme was developed to contain information or the total role behaviour and qualify it as a method of socialization. The theory of work adjustment (Lofquist and Dawis, 1969) was used to identify dependent variables to evaluate an induction as a method of organizational socialization. It was hypothesised that a socially based induction programme would increase respondent's measures of satisfaction, satisfactoryness (performance) and length of tenure. The socially based induction programme was developed and tested in a specialized plastic manufacturing company. Twenty eight new employees were assigned to control and experimental groups by their appointment dates (18 and 10 respectively) and two measures of job satisfaction were taken three and thirteen working days after their appointments using the job descriptive index, (J.D.I.) a standard check-list measure of job satisfaction with five different job facets. Performance measures of production to stock were obtained and these coincided with the second measure of job satisfaction. The number of subjects who ceased employment within 90 working days after their appointments was also ascertained. The experimental group received the socially based induction video tape after the first measure of job satisfaction. On comparison of the J.D.I. scores between experimental and control groups, there was no significant difference between the pre or post-test measures on the five scales. An analysis of subjects "work" and "supervision" post-test scores catagorised as high or low by pre-test scores indicated that the socially based induction may have sensitized low pre-test scoring subjects in a negative direction on the post-test. No significant difference was found between experimental and control groups on length of tenure and recorded performance. Anxiety is postulated as a moderater variable of the J.D.I. satisfaction measures and limitations of the operationalization of the measures used is discussed. The study high-lights the attrition, measurement, design, and administration problems of research in organizational settings.