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Item mHealth, Health, and Mobility: A Culture-Centered Interrogation(Springer Science+Business Media B.V, 2018-01-04) Dutta MJ; Kaur-Gill S; Tan N; Lam C; Baulch E; Watkins J; Tariq AIn this chapter, we examine the interplays of the symbolic and the material in the constructions of mHealth. By attending to the key themes that play out in discourses of mHealth, we examine critically the ways in which power plays out in the structuring of mHealth solutions. The articulation of mHealth as instrumental to generating positive health outcomes in communities across Asia erases the contexts within which mobile technologies are constituted. mHealth interventions reproduce the logics of the state and the market, reproducing communities as homogeneous and monolithic sites of top-down interventions.Item Investigation of nutrition risk in community living adults aged 75 years and older : prevalence and associated physical health factors : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand(Massey University, 2016) Williams, Vicki JeanBackground: New Zealand’s population is ageing. Given prevalence of functional disability and chronic disease increases with age, and older adults account for one third of health loss in New Zealand, supporting older adults to maintain independence is paramount to reducing future health care costs. A compromised nutritional status, and declining muscle mass, strength and function threatens independence. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of nutrition risk, and identify associated socio-demographic and physical health factors among community-living older adults aged 75 years and older. Methods: A total of 200 participants were recruited from eligible patients enrolled at the Henderson Medical Centre. Baseline sociodemographic, and health information was collected using an interview style questionnaire. Body composition, including muscle mass was estimated using Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA). Muscle strength was assessed using a hand held dynamometer to measure grip strength, and a Five Times Sit To Stand (5TSTS) test. Lower extremity function performance was assessed using 2.4 meter gait speed. Validated screening tools identified nutrition status (Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form MNA-SF), swallowing status (10 item Eating Assessment Tool EAT-10), and cognitive status (Montreal Cognitive Assessment MoCA). Pearson’s Coefficient Correlations were used to identify associations between nutrition risk and physical health nutrition risk factors. Results: The study sample (n= 200) included 89 (44.5%) men, and 111 (55.5%) women with a mean age of 80.5 years. The MNA-SF identified 2 (1%) malnourished participants, and 24 (12%) participants at risk of malnutrition. MNA-SF scores were positively correlated with a lower BMI (r=0.257, p=<0.001), lower muscle mass, lower calf circumference (r=0.333, p=<0.001), lower percentage of body fat (r=0.287, p=<0.001), and weaker grip strength (r=0.143, p=0.047). MNA-SF scores had an inverse correlation with EAT-10 scores indicating dysphagia risk (r=0.182, p=<0.010). Conclusion: A low prevalence of malnutrition was found in this study population. Those at risk of malnutrition or malnourished were more likely to use support services, be at risk of dysphagia, have a low BMI, low muscle mass, a lower calf circumference, lower percentage of body fat, and poor muscle strength. Routine nutrition risk screening is recommended to identify at risk individuals early to prevent escalation to malnutrition and poor health. Key words: Malnutrition, MNA-SF, Older Adults, Community, Dysphagia, Muscle MassItem Getting through : children and youth post-disaster effective coping and adaptation in the context of the Canterbury earthquakes of 2010-1012 : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University, Wellington, Aotearoa/New Zealand(Massey University, 2016) Mooney, Maureen FrancesThe study aims to understand how children cope effectively with a disaster, and to identify resources and processes that promote effective coping and adaptation. The context is the 2010–2012 Canterbury earthquake disaster in New Zealand. This qualitative study explores coping strategies in forty-two children from three age groups: five, nine and fifteen year-olds (Time 1). It draws on data from semi-structured interviews with the children, their parents, teachers and principals of five schools in Canterbury. Two schools in Wellington, a region with similar seismic risk, served as a useful comparison group. All children were interviewed twenty months after the first earthquake (T1) during an ongoing aftershock sequence, and six selected children from Christchurch were interviewed again (Time Two), three years after the initial earthquake. Findings have identified multiple inter-connected coping strategies and multi-level resources in the children and in their immediate contexts; these were fundamental to their post-disaster adaptation. Children who coped effectively used a repertoire of diverse coping strategies adapted to challenges, and in a culturally appropriate and flexible manner. Coping strategies included: emotional regulation, problem-solving, positive reframing, helping others, seeking support, and ―getting on‖. Although emotional regulation was important in the immediate aftermath of an earthquake, children adapting positively used heterogeneous combinations of coping strategies and resources. Proximal others provided coping assistance through modelling and coaching. Intra and interpersonal resources, such as self-efficacy and supportive parental and teacher relationships that promoted children‘s effective coping are identified and discussed. Children who coped effectively with the disaster appeared to have a larger coping repertoire and more practise in use than children in the Wellington comparison group, who were coping essentially with age appropriate challenges. By Time Two, all children in the cohort reported coping effectively, that they were stronger from their experience and had shifted their focus so that their coping skills were now employed for everyday challenges and for moving on with their lives, rather than focused on managing disaster events. Findings suggest that children can be coached to learn effective coping. Key recommendations are made for effective interventions for children and caregivers around children‘s effective coping and adaptation, and avenues for future research are detailed.Item Together in the light : an ethnographic exploration of the Palmerston North Quakers' sense of community and shared understandings : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Social Anthropology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand(Massey University, 2014) Keyes, IanThe Religious Society of Friends is a Christian denomination whose emergence can be traced back to the teachings of George Fox in the 1640s in England. Since that time the denomination has splintered, from which four branches of Quakerism have emerged. One of these branches is liberal Quakerism, which is the only type of Quakerism found in New Zealand. Liberal Quakers do not have any centralised doctrine or authority figures, and they take the view that practice is more important that one’s belief. This research focuses on the Palmerston North Quakers and specifically answers two sets of questions. The first is whether they have a sense of community, and if so, what gives them that sense of community. The second set of questions centres on what the Quakers shared understanding are in the context of their community boundaries, and what enables these understandings. As well as drawing on analysis from interviews with my research participants, this research also draws extensively on participant observation from Palmerston North and also from other groups in the North Island of New Zealand. All of which enables an understanding of the lived experience of being a Palmerston North Quaker. Underpinning my research is a bricolage of theoretical work. These include community theory from John Bruhn, David Minar and Scott Greer, Patricia Felkins, Susan Love Brown as well as Victor and Edith Turner’s concept of communitas, Randall Collin’s interaction ritual theory and James Fernandez’s work on consensus. The most significant theme to emerge from analysis was the importance of the Quaker’s silent meeting for worship. Whilst it may seem like an uneventful period of time to outsiders, its central importance to the community cannot be emphasised enough. Keywords: Anthropology; Communitas; Community; Consensus; Ethnography; Interaction ritual; Quakers; Religion; Religious Society of Friends; Ritual; Solidarity.Item Participation of women in grassroots development interventions: reflections on the experiences of development projects in Sudan(2009-07-22T23:04:48Z) El-Gack, NawalThis paper is based on an empirical study, conducted in 2005/06. It provides reflections on gender and development approaches employed in development projects in Sudan and identifies the challenges that development providers need to address when they plan for future interventions. It argues that addressing gender issues requires an in depth understanding of local values, and women’s needs and interests.Item Community Emergency Management During the 2005 Ambae Eruption, Vanuatu, SW Pacific.(Massey University., 2007-01-01) Cronin, Shane J.; Nemeth, Karoly; Procter, John N.; Charley, Douglas T.; Harrison, Morris J; Garaebiti, Esline; Scott, Brad J.; Sherburne, Steve; Bani, Philipson; Lardy, MichelNo abstract available