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    Nurturing partnerships to support data access for impact forecasts and warnings: Theoretical integration and synthesis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024-04-15) Harrison SE; Potter SH; Prasanna R; Doyle EEH; Johnston D
    This paper presents a synthesis and theoretical integration of findings from a research project that explored the data needs and sources for implementing impact forecasts and warnings for hydrometeorological hazards. Impact forecasts and warnings (IFW) have received global attention in recent years as they offer a novel way of improving the communication of hazards and risks. The fundamental idea behind IFWs is to enable warning services to meaningfully communicate the anticipated outcomes, consequences, or impacts of the hazard interacting with society or the environment by incorporating knowledge about the underlying and dynamic exposure and vulnerability of people and assets. One key question for IFW implementation is about data needs and sources to inform IFWs.Using the Grounded Theory Methodology, we address the question “How can partnerships and collaboration better facilitate the collection, creation, and access to hazard, impact, vulnerability, and exposure data for IFWs?” Our findings point to partnerships and collaboration as a necessary strategy for implementing IFWs. Implementation requires accessing various types and sources of hazard, impact, vulnerability, and exposure data to assess and communicate the potential impacts of hydrometeorological hazards. Partnerships and collaboration facilitate the sharing of and access to required data and knowledge. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations to increase interagency communication and partnerships for IFWs and disaster risk reduction, such as making cohabitation arrangements between agencies, running joint training scenarios, and encouraging meteorological services and emergency responders to co-define tailored warning thresholds.
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    Micro-theory on knowledge transfer to foster disaster resilience: A grounded theory approach
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2021-11) Ahangama N; Prasanna R
    Although recent literature suggested that knowledge generation and dissemination in social networks influence resilience, research in knowledge transfer and social capital domains have shown a low tendency to integrate into theoretical frameworks. This paper discusses the process of building a micro-theory, which explains the dynamics of knowledge transfer in social networks of disaster responders in Sri Lanka. The proposed theory suggests the association among knowledge transfer, dimensions of social capital, and resilience in a disaster context. This study employs an interpretive case study research design, with an exploratory approach and uses grounded theory driven constant comparison method for data analysis. The transcriptions from 21 semi-structured interviews and participant observations of two disaster drill exercises used as the primary data source for the data analysis. The analysis of this study generates a coding pattern with six categories of concepts and proposes the theory of KTinSSC with the theoretical consensus from the two case studies. The proposed theory explains the knowledge transfer among responders who are focused mostly on the immediate survival and discusses the effect of knowledge transfer interactions on their normative beliefs. The study also suggests ways to attain higher levels of resilience among such survival-focused social groups.
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    Business diplomacy in practice :a grounded theory study in management among professional diplomats : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management at Massey University, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2018) Alammar, Fahad
    Background: How can diplomacy contribute to the success of businesses and to better management and business practices in today’s complex and interconnected world? Diplomacy has been associated with business and commercial activities for thousands of years. However, due to the modern events of globalisation and increased geopolitical risks facing businesses, management scholars have been looking at the concept of diplomacy and have tried to apply it to management and organisational settings. Aims and Significance: Despite the growing attention to business diplomacy, the literature remains limited and lacks clear empirical research that provides a practical understanding and conceptualisation of this subject. Therefore, this study looks at diplomacy from managers’ and diplomats’ perspectives in relation to business and management. Diplomacy continues to evolve in its practices, skills, and policies, and so do today's businesses. Investigating the range of professional diplomats’ responsibilities and knowledge could give managers and management researchers an understanding of the intricate complexity of the diplomat's task, which will enhance their own work. This research aims to address this issue by answering the question: How do professional diplomats, in businesses and governments, understand business diplomacy? And what are the key elements associated with business diplomacy in practice? The research objective is to examine the role of diplomacy in business and management and to investigate its related core elements that can help businesses and managers be successful in today’s business environment. Method: To address this issue, an interpretative-exploratory study was conducted using the Straussian grounded theory approach. Using semi-structured interviews as the data collection method, twenty-one official diplomats, CEOs, businesspeople, and managers from both the private and public sectors were interviewed. Participants were asked to describe their understanding of diplomacy and what constitutes its basic elements and practice. Findings: The study found that business diplomacy is a process of multiple integrated qualities. In particular, the findings indicate that business diplomacy is the capability to professionally and systematically manage and influence multiple stakeholders, as well as the operating environment, to advance business interests and to create favourable conditions for the firm. Consequently, the theory of Multi-Stakeholder Managing and Influencing (MSMI) in business diplomacy was developed that offers new insights into the area. MSMI suggests that business diplomacy is achieved through the integration of multiple qualities, namely: interaction and engagement, core knowledge competencies (CKC), multiperspective consideration, and power-authority building (PAB). MSMI also suggests that these qualities are closely interrelated and co-dependent on each other. Conclusions: The findings of this study contribute to our developing a scholarly understanding of business diplomacy, its meaning in practice, and what constitutes its core elements. As one of the earliest empirical studies in business diplomacy, this study broadens and deepens our views by offering new insights and theory. The findings contribute theoretically and practicably to the body of knowledge by suggesting that business diplomacy constitutes multiple qualities, is recognised and valued by participants, and is found to create long-term value for businesses. This has implications for businesses and universities as it encourages them to incorporate business diplomacy as a strategic tool to be learned and practiced at the organisational level. This study serves as a starting point for further empirical research in business diplomacy, and future researchers are encouraged to carry out larger-scale studies on different populations and industries to replicate and validate the theory.
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    An analysis of the evolution of crown financial statements in New Zealand : a grounded theory approach : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Studies in Accountancy at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1996) Lye, Joanne Margaret
    In April 1992 the Financial Statements of the Government of New Zealand (also called Crown Financial Statements (CFSs)) were published for the six months ended 31 December 1991. These accrual statements consolidated the activities of Government and were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice (GAAP). This initiative by a sovereign government is believed to be unprecedented in the world in recent times. The initiative occurred within core public sector management reform undertaken in New Zealand since 1987, a subset of broader economic reform that commenced with the election of the Fourth Labour Government in July, 1984. This study investigates how the process of change led to the evolution of CFSs in New Zealand. Grounded theory, an interpretive research strategy, is applied to discover why this initiative was taken in New Zealand. The primary source of data for this study came from interviews with participants involved with the development of CFSs at various stages (i.e., idea initiation, development, approval, and implementation). Interview data were supplemented by searching archival documents, newspaper cuttings collected since the commencement of the study, and the literature. The study provides a substantive theoretical framework to explain many mutually shaping factors that influenced the phenomenon under investigation. All the conceptual categories (Key People. Axial Principles, Communicating Ideas, Contextual Determinants, Ethos, Knowledge, Process of Change, Synergistic Process of Change, Innovation, Action, Information and Consequences) illustrated in the framework are defined and explained with supporting extracts from interview data. The contribution of this study is twofold. First, it offers a new way of understanding accounting by developing a framework that incorporates many complex and interdependent factors that influenced the publication of CFSs in New Zealand. Second, the study explains the approach taken and how the research evolved during the research process in a manner that would benefit other similar research. Key Words: Crown Financial Statements; Grounded Theory.
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    A grounded theory of the role of family in recovery and healing from child sexual abuse : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University
    (Massey University, 2005) Morrison, Lana Jane
    This thesis presents an exploration of therapist perceptions of the role of family in recovery and healing from Child Sexual Abuse (CSA). Consistent with the individualistic focus of Western society, the international body of literature tends to focus on intrapsychic effects and processes of CSA rather than emphasising the ecological and systemic influences which interact with CSA events. Consistent with the New Zealand Ministry of Health's calls to be more inclusive of family in mental health issues, this investigation attempted to provide new understandings of CSA from an ecological and systemic perspective. A grounded theory methodology was utilised. This incorporated the analysis of therapist data collected from a combination of focus groups, key informant interviews and a national survey. The core social process which emerged was "Belonging, Estrangement and Reintegratio". This model of recovery and healing in sexually abused families recognises the impact that abuse and neglect has across generations of a family, the evolving nature of their relationships before, during and after the sexual abuse event(s), and the impact these relationships have on the healing journey. Parallel to the core social process were a number of contextual variables which interacted with therapist practices. These factors influenced how practitioners conceptualise and work with sexually abused families. For the most part, these variables were barriers to including family in the recovery process. It is hoped that the themes which emerged from this investigation will further inform practice in the field by identifying ways in which therapists can successfully incorporate and address contextual family factors to facilitate recovery and healing. It is also hoped that this investigation will alert organisations to the ecological barriers which therapists encounter and which hinder their ability to incorporate family factors in their practice.
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    Making decisions : focusing on my baby's well-being : a grounded theory study exploring the way that decisions were made in the midwife-woman relationship : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Midwifery at Massey University
    (Massey University, 1998) Calvert, Susan
    This thesis presents a study using a Grounded Theory methodology to explore the way that decisions were made in the midwife-woman relationship. The purpose of this study was to explore the woman's experience of the way that decisions were made, to gain an understanding of it and finally to present a description of the way such decisions were made when women utilised midwife-only care within the New Zealand maternity setting. Ten women were invited to participate. A diverse sample of women with different birth experiences and from different cultures was obtained. The sample was obtained using the tool of theoretical sampling which highlighted, through data analysis, the need for participants with different characteristics. All women who were interviewed were asked to describe their pregnancy and birth experience, their relationship with their midwife and the way they believed decisions were made during their pregnancy and birth experience. Data analysis was performed using the constant comparative method. Results showed that women acted in ways to ensure their baby's safety. Women initially acknowledged their pregnancy and as a result, they selected a maternity carer and participated in self education. To ensure their baby's well-being women undertook procedures and followed instructions from their midwife. Whilst they planned for their birth and made decisions that effected themselves and their unborn child, the primary goal behind these actions was their baby's health. The women trusted their midwives to endorse actions that would lead to a safe outcome. At times the women wanted midwives to make decisions for them. Choice, continuity and control are important to women but safety is vital.