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Item Comparison of Cd(II) adsorption properties onto cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin extracted from rice bran(Elsevier Ltd, 2021-06) Wu C; Ren M; Zhang X; Li C; Li T; Yang Z; Chen Z; Wang LRice bran, an underutilized by-product obtained from outer rice layers, has received wide interest due to its abundance, eco-friendliness, and low cost. In this research, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin as the main components of rice bran were fractionated, and their Cd(II) adsorption capacity, behavior and mechanism were further studied. The adsorption capacity of cellulose for Cd(II) was 5.79 mg/g within the equilibrium time of 10 min, which was 1.8 and 3.6 times those of hemicellulose and lignin, respectively. The Cd(II) adsorption onto cellulose exhibited monolayer surface behavior, whilst the heterogeneous adsorption behavior was observed for hemicellulose and lignin. These differences were related to the discrepancy of morphology and chemical composition in three polymers. The multi-hole sticks morphology of cellulose and porous blocky structure of hemicellulose were observed, while lignin showed compact and agglomerated blocky structure. Cellulose had numerous available adsorption sites including the oxygen-containing functional groups, which bonded with Cd(II) driven by chemical interaction. In conclusion, it highlights that cellulose from rice bran has the great potential of being applied as adsorbent for the Cd(II) removal.Item Extraction and structural study of hemicellulose B from tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry at Massey University(Massey University, 1971) Hensanghongs, Patana1.1 Hemicellulose The structural carbohydrates are mixtures of polysaccharides which together with lignin, constitute the cell wall. Usually they are divided into three fractions: pectic substances, hemicellulose and cellulose.1 Pectins, widely distributed in land plants are characterised by a main chain of 1 – 4 linked galacturonic acid units. They may also contain rhamnose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose in varying amounts. These sugars form part the main chain in some pectins and branch chains in others.2 The pectic triad consists of galacturonan, araban and galactan. Pectic substances occur without exception in all higher plants. It is possible that pectic substances may serve as protective agents for natural rubber particles and may be important food reserve for the plant.3 They are found most abundantly in the primary cell walls and in the intercellular layer.4 [From Introduction]Item Extraction and structural study of hemicellulose B from Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry at Massey University(Massey University, 1970) Lee, Kim Nyuk1.1 : Hemicellulose The structural carbohydrates are mixtures of polysaccharides which together with lignin, constitute the cell wall. Usually they are divided into three fractions: pectic substances, hemicellulose and cellulose. 1 Pectins, widely distributed in land plants are characterised by a main chain of 1-4 linked galacturonic acid units. They may also contain rhamnose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose in varying amounts. These sugars form part of the main chain in some pectins and branch chains in others. 2 Cellulose is generally present in the plant cell as aggregates of fibrils or partly crystalline bundles. They consist of parallel chains of ß 1-4 linked glucose residues, where the chains are in perfect alignment, the cellulose has a crystalline structure. The cellulose fibrils are generally embedded in other polysaccharide material, e.g. the hemicelluloses in the higher plants. 3 [FROM INTRODUCTION]