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Subject: search.filters.subject.Muscle damage

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    Does cooling affect skeletal muscle glycogen replenishment after an acute bout of fear-induced exertional hyperthermia in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi)?
    (Elsevier Inc, 2025-11-01) Kohn TA; Martin M; van Boom KM; Donaldson B; Blackhurst DM; Fitte A; Burroughs R; Steyl JCA; Goddard A; Meyer LCR
    Rhabdomyolyses is a clinical sign of capture myopathy in wild animals and may be linked to glycogen metabolism. To study potential mechanisms, 26 wild blesbok were chased for 15 min and immobilised, whereafter 12 of these blesbok were doused with ice-water (n = 14 chased only group; n = 12 chased + cooled group). An additional 12 blesbok served as resting (not chased) uncooled controls. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained after immobilisation for biochemical analyses. Biopsies obtained at initial capture, 3- and 16-days post exercise were analysed for glycogen content. Blesbok muscles contained predominantly myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIA (∼50 ± 9 %), followed by IIX (32 ± 10 %) and MHC I (18 ± 5 %), with no difference between groups. Citrate synthase (mean: 87 ± 48), 3-hydroxyacetyl co A dehydrogenase (47 ± 17), lactate dehydrogenase (1567 ± 654), phosphorylase (162 ± 94), phosphofructokinase (250 ± 123) and creatine kinase (12,455 ± 6372) activities (in μmol/min/g prot) were not different between groups. Similarly, superoxide dismutase (7.9 ± 7 U/mg prot), catalase (8.8 ± 5.8 mmol/min/g prot), and overall antioxidant capacity (ORAC: 23055 ± 18,460 μmol/g prot) were not different between groups. Glycogen content was reduced in both chased groups and not replenished by day 3. Glycogen supercompensation was observed on day 16 in both chased groups (∼33 % higher than resting control group). The results confirm that blesbok have high muscle metabolic capacities, and that glycogen resynthesis is slow, which could lead to metabolite deficiency during prolonged chase events (>15 min).
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    Characterising the Cytokine and Circulating Immune Cell Response After a Single Bout of Eccentric Stepping Exercise in Healthy Untrained Males
    (Springer Nature, 2023-05-15) Lomiwes D; Barnes M; Shaw O; Ngametua N; Sawyer GM; Burr NS; Miller MR
    Purpose The mechanisms that underpin exercise-induced muscle damage and recovery are believed to be mediated, in part, by immune cells recruited to the site of injury. The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of muscle damage from bench-stepping on circulating cytokine and immune cell populations post-exercise and during recovery. Methods Ten untrained, healthy male volunteers completed 30 min of bench-stepping exercise to induce muscle damage to the eccentrically exercised leg. Muscle function, muscle pain and soreness were measured before, immediately after and 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise. Plasma creatine kinase, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, cytokines and circulating immune cell phenotyping were also measured at these timepoints. Results Significant decreases occurred in eccentric, isometric and concentric (P = 0.018, 0.047 and 0.003, respectively) muscle function in eccentrically, but not concentrically, exercised quadriceps post-exercise. Plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 concentrations significantly increased immediately after exercise (69.0 ± 5.8 to 89.5 ± 10.0 pg/mL), then declined to below pre-exercise concentrations (58.8 ± 6.3 pg/mL) 72 h after exercise. These changes corresponded with the significant decrease of circulating CD45+ CD16− CD14+ monocytes (5.8% ± 1.5% to 1.9% ± 0.5%; Pre-exercise vs. 48 h) and increase of CD45+ CD3+ CD56− T-cells (60.5% ± 2.2% to 66.1% ± 2.1%; Pre-exercise vs. 72 h) during recovery. Conclusion Bench-stepping induced muscle damage to the quadriceps, which mediated systemic changes in MCP-1, monocytes and T-cells immediately post-exercise and during recovery. Further research is needed to clarify how modulations in immune subpopulations facilitate muscle recovery and adaptation following muscle damage.
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    Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on recovery from eccentric exercise induced muscle damage in females : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of in at Massey University
    (Massey University, 2011) McLeay, Yanita
    Introduction: Unaccustomed eccentric contractions produce micro-structural damage to skeletal muscle, initiating a chain of events involving inflammation, pain, and impaired muscle performance. These effects are felt most between 24-72 hours post exercise, but can last anywhere from a few days up to a week. Sports involving a large eccentric component include those that are running-based; with resulting damage often impacting on successive games (common during competition), or on ability to train. Binge-drinking post-games is a common activity seen amongst athletes; particularly those involved in team sports. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption have known negative impacts on the brain and body organs and being classified as a drug, has associated regulations and restrictions. Athletes require fast recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage for optimal performance in subsequent games or training. The effect of alcohol, exercise, and/or the combination of the two may have a negative effect on muscle recovery post-game following an acute intake of alcohol. While these types of studies have been carried out on males, as of yet no such study has been done on females. Due to physiological differences, there may be variation in muscle response to alcohol compared to that of males. Thus the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of alcohol consumption post exercise-induced muscle damage, with that of an iso-caloric placebo on muscle recovery in females. Methods: Eight females (mean age 23 years; 65.2 ± 15kg; 164 ± 5.5cm) participated in a controlled, randomized, cross-over design study. Following a prescribed standardised meal, they carried out a damage protocol in which 300 maximal eccentric contractions of the quadriceps femoris muscle were performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Post-exercise, an alcoholic beverage or a placebo was consumed. Treatment type and leg of damage were randomly assigned as evenly as possible, with the two trials being separated by a month. Measures of maximal isokinetic (concentric and eccentric) torque and isometric tension produced across the knee were measured in both the exercised and control leg pre-exercise, 36 hours (h) and 60h post-exercise. Creatine kinase activity and muscle soreness ratings (squat and step) were taken prior to damage and post-exercise up to 60h. Results: A moderate amount of alcohol consumption following eccentric exercise, significantly reduced isometric, concentric and eccentric peak and average peak torque 36h and 60h post-exercise (all p < 0.05). Significance differences in force output between time points were seen only in peak and average concentric torque. All three contraction types showed a significant time * treatment interaction effect (p < 0.05). Creatine kinase and ratings of perceived muscle soreness did not significantly differ between treatments. Conclusions: Our results suggest that similar to males, the consumption of alcohol following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage elicits a greater reduction in muscle performance in the days following damage in females.