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    The reshaping of political communities in New Zealand : a study of intellectual and imperial texts in context, c. 1814-1863 : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2020) Carpenter, Samuel
    This thesis explores transformations in British and Māori political thought and mentalities through the period c. 1814 to 1863 – from the arrival in New Zealand of Samuel Marsden and the Anglican Church Mission through to the outset of the Waikato wars. It analyses evolving and contested political languages in British metropole and empire, particularly concerning the nature and bounds of British national and imperial community and government. It considers the attempts by Britons, from Marsden, through Busby, then the Church Mission presses to encourage the formation of a native (Christian) political community, and then to maintain it against the threats posed by British colonization ventures. Political thought about nations or supra-tribal political communities contained in the Māori translations of scripture, prayer book and texts of history, law and geography are the focus of several chapters, as are the uses of these new political languages made by Māori protagonists Hone Heke, Tāmihana Te Rauparaha and Wiremu Tāmehana. Drawing on literatures of nationalism, the thesis finds that the emergence of Māori national thought or consciousness – an imagined political community of ‘native New Zealand’ – resembled the early-modern emergence of English and other European nationalisms. This study reveals an historical process in which Christian scripture and liturgies in vernacular languages helped to form a wider collective consciousness in England/Europe, and then argues that a similar process occurred throughout indigenous Niu Tireni (New Zealand). Critically, it was the daily and weekly practice of the Anglican Prayer Book – Te Rāwiri – rather than simply its texts or the Bible translations per se, that engendered a new language of politics and a new global knowledge concerning pan-tribal nations, their kingly polities, and their God-ordained relationship with whenua (land). The thesis therefore re-frames the early political history of New Zealand as a history – or histories – formed by texts variously translated and interpreted, printed and discursively reproduced, read and recited, prayed and sung, and institutionally embodied in native assemblies, legal systems and kingships. It argues that this new textual and discursive world was enabled by the immense diffusion of printed texts, constituted a new indigenous or ‘maori’ public sphere, and generated the imagining of new forms of native or supra-tribal political community. Texts also provoked prominent indigenous actors to ‘write back’ against both colony and empire. The thesis suggests a much larger project to recover and map the diverse political languages and deeper mentalité that shaped the contested terrain of colonialism in New Zealand.
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    The present as the past's future : the heritage significance of foundation deposits and time capsules in Christchurch : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Museum Studies at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2019) Adamski, Maria Ann
    Foundation deposits and time capsules (collectively deposits) are hidden vessels containing purposefully gathered objects to be opened in the future. This thesis examines the importance of this type of artefact within a heritage significance evaluation methodology. Deposits are of interest as they are a representative record of their time selected by communities for preservation. They have not been thematically identified or considered for protection by territorial authorities and therefore are not listed in District Plans. This thesis focuses on deposits at two different locations, the Godley Statue and the Sumner Borough Council Chambers, which were exposed as a result of the Canterbury Earthquakes 2010-11. It also focuses on the modern deposits that were subsequently placed at these sites. In considering these objects this research asks how are these deposits valued and how does this contribute to their significance. The aims of this study are to determine the values associated with these deposits and critically appraise the effectiveness of a territorial heritage assessment method. The research is based on reviewing archival documents, historic records and ceremonial speeches along with an examination and assessment of the objects. The contemporary importance of the object’s is understood through interviewing individuals who had experiential knowledge. The ceremonial speeches and interviews are analysed using an inductive reasoning and adapted grounded theory approach to elicit a core value. This research demonstrates that a participatory process contributes to a greater understanding of New Zealand’s heritage that may not be immediately obvious. It establishes that deposits are valorised and justify increased attention as they have the potential to afford insight into the past, the present and the future. As a result it is essential that they are understood before they are responded to. Further it was found deposits challenge traditional heritage practice. This research suggests increased attention is required towards assessing social values and to evaluating them as a separate criterion.
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    The courage to speak : how investigative journalists persuade reluctant whistleblowers to tell their stories : a thesis submitted to Massey University in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), 2010.
    (Massey University, 2010) Hollings, James
    Investigative journalism is often said to be based on two pillars of information gathering – documents and human sources. Yet while document retrieval and analysis have received much attention in recent years, particularly with the advent of computer‐assisted reporting and Freedom of Information legislation, remarkably little attention has been given in the journalistic literature to best practice for developing and maintaining sources, especially reluctant, vulnerable sources with high‐risk information. This thesis uses a case study approach to analyse four highprofile examples of New Zealand investigative journalism based on revelation by vulnerable and reluctant human sources. Using interviews with both the sources and the journalists who persuaded them to speak out, it draws on persuasion and social psychology theory to explain the decision‐making process of the whistleblowers and establish a model of best practice for journalists wishing to persuade reluctant, vulnerable people to speak out safely and effectively.