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Subject: search.filters.subject.Tukituki River Watershed

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    Factoring community welfare estimates into freshwater allocation decision making in New Zealand : a common good case study : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Natural Resource Management at Massey University, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2020) Walker, Humphrey
    The study recognises the centrality of the ‘common good’ by working to improve the intergenerational well-being of all people in society. The research adopts the Tukituki River catchment in Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand as a case study to demonstrate how community welfare estimates can be factored into freshwater allocation planning and decision-making. The Tukituki catchment faces water pollution and allocation challenges that are typical of agricultural landscapes with summer water scarcity. A survey measured both current and future perceptions of the catchment, focussing on comparing perceptions of anglers and gamebird hunters with other recreational users. A second survey estimated the marginal welfare benefits generated by improved water quality and the welfare associated with trust in freshwater advocates and policy-oriented organisations. Most users felt the catchment was in a poor state and wanted a future with improved water quality. There was little or no difference between the perceptions of anglers and other recreational users. Gamebird hunter’s perceptions were different from other recreational users at the p<.05 level. Recreational users were willing to pay a mean $6.67 a month for ten years to improve water quality to a level representative of the successful delivery of current policy goals by 2030. Bayesian trust scores were used to model social capital in the form of a novel social trust economy, which proved to be an effective descriptor of the known political economy. Keywords: Freshwater, Welfare, Perceptions, Trust, Common good, Latent Class Analysis, Best-worst scaling, Non-market valuation, Contingent valuation.
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    Transforming freshwater governing : a case study of farmer and regional council change in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture and Environment at Massey University, Manawatu, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2021) Drury, Charlotte Josephine Mary
    Achieving improved freshwater governing and management is a global challenge, from which New Zealand is not exempt. Agriculture has played, and continues to play, a central role in New Zealand’s economy, but is also an activity that impacts freshwater. In this research it is argued that a transition is occurring in New Zealand that necessitates transformational change by both farmers and the entities that govern farmers’ freshwater management. This thesis explores at the micro (individual) level the lived experiences of two groups of regime actors involved in NZ’s freshwater governing transition: farmers, and regional councils – the governing entity that has the legislative responsibility to manage the freshwater resources of a region. The governing of farmers’ freshwater management in the Tukituki Catchment of the Hawke’s Bay region is the single case studied qualitatively. The research question answered is what is shaping the governing of farmers’ freshwater management, and what is shaping the regional council’s governing of farmers? The relationship between the two groups was of interest also. Data were primarily obtained through semi-structured interviews with farmers and people associated with the Hawke’s Bay Regional Council conducted between August 2016 and October 2017. Findings of this research suggest that the regional council was not actively governing farmer participants. Farmers were changing their freshwater management practices, but in response to broader societal pressures. Changes made were moderated by farmer networks and localised good farming norms linked with farmer identity. Freshwater was not at the time recognised as a component of good farming norms, nor a farmer’s identity. Farmer practices instead illustrated the ongoing dominance of a productivist logic. The transition for the regional council from an entity that historically had a hands-off approach to governing farmers and engaged with farmers through a productivist logic, to an entity that had an environmental protection logic and actively governed farmers required organisational transformation. It also necessitated a fundamental renegotiation of the relationship between farmers and the council. The challenges experienced by individuals and the organisation as a whole in adapting to a new formal institution that required transformational change arose from sticking points, institutional logics, ways-of-knowing, people’s self-identities and relationships. The depth of change necessary, individually and collectively, of farmers, natural resource management (NRM) governing entities and arguably others, explains why improvements in freshwater have not yet been fully realised. As explained by a farmer participant in this research it’s a hellova big job to do this stuff (F2).