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    High Protein Yangyu jiaotuan (洋芋搅团): In Vitro Oral-Gastro-Small Intestinal Starch Digestion and Some Physico-Chemical, Textural, Microstructural, and Rheological Properties
    (MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2023-06-23) Zeng F; Abhilasha A; Chen Y; Zhao Y; Liu G; Kaur L; Singh J; Rodríguez‑García ME
    Biomimetic foods are expected to have potential health benefits for the management and prevention of chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In the current research, two commercially available and affordable plant proteins (soy protein isolate-SPI and pea protein isolate-PPI) at two levels (5%, 10%) were added to the Yangyu jiaotuan with the objective of developing a product with reduced glycaemic properties and high protein content while maintaining its original taste and texture. The results showed that several important textural properties such as hardness and chewiness did not change significantly during the refrigerated storage. The storage modulus G' increased with refrigerated storage time for different samples, but there were significant differences among the five samples (with and without protein addition) with respect to frequency dependence during rheological measurements. The in vitro starch digestion experiments showed that the starch hydrolysis of Yangyu jiaotuan decreased considerably (by up to 42.08%) with the increase in PPI content and during refrigerated storage due to starch retrogradation. Protein has protected the microstructure and there was less damage when compared to samples without protein. The bimodal peaks of the particle size distribution curves showed that the newly developed Yangyu jiaotuan contains two different sizes of particles; the smaller particles (~30 μm) corresponded to PPI and starch granules, while the larger particles corresponded to the fragments of the gel network of the starch matrix. Based on the above results, Yangyu jiaotuan mixed with pea protein is a convenient potato staple food product, which complies with the biomimetic potato food very well.
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    Comparison of physicochemical properties of jackfruit seed starch with potato and rice starches
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2021-03-08) Wong KT; Poh GYY; Goh AFSTARASTAR; Wee MSM; Jeyakumar Henry C
    The physicochemical properties of jackfruit seed starch (JSS) were investigated and compared with rice (RS) and potato (PS) starch. The amylose content of JSS (25%) was similar to PS (27%) but higher than RS (17%). The small granules of JSS (7.9 μm) was comparable to RS (9.7 μm), and both starches had A-type crystallinity. In contrast, PS had larger granules (43.4 μm) and displayed B-type crystallinity. The DSC results showed that peak gelatinization temperature of JSS (85.0°C) was significantly higher than RS (66.9°C) and PS (63.7°C), corresponding to higher pasting temperatures and lower swelling power at lower temperatures. There was no significant difference in stability between the starch gels after four freeze-thaw cycles. Formation of JSS gels with significantly higher hardness, chewiness and elastic modulus (G′), but lower fracturability demonstrated JSS ability to form strong gels. This would be beneficial for food applications requiring gelation with firm and elastic textural attributes.