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    Broadening the Circle: Creativity, Regeneration and Redistribution in Value Loops
    (Emerald, 31/03/2023) Palakshappa N; Venkateswar S; Ganesh S
    Increasing industrial agriculture and economic crisis has generated creative responses in pursuit of responsible solutions to the human and environmental cost of globalization by applying these models to promote social responsibility, help sustain livelihoods and foster biodiversity. A key issue concerns how responsible and circular businesses might provide appropriate responses to large-scale ‘wicked’ problems. This paper asks what such creativity looks like in the context of a circular economy that attempts to build closed value loops, by examining a case from the organic cotton textile industry: Appachi Eco-Logic. We use an ethnographic extended-case approach to identify two phases of creative growth at Appachi Eco-Logic, examining how closing the value loop and creating circularity involved broadening the circle to include more and more actors. We identify two major challenges to achieving and maintaining full circularity before concluding with a broad provocation for the study of circular economies.
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    IKVAV-linked cell membrane-spanning peptide treatment induces neuronal reactivation following spinal cord injury
    (27/10/2015) Kazemi S; Baltzer WI; Schilke K; Mansouri H; Mata JE
    Spinal cord regeneration following treatment with a novel membrane-spanning peptide (MSP) expressing the isoleucine-lysine-valine-alanine-valine (IKVAV) epitope was assessed in Balb-c mice. After hemilaminectomy and compression injury, mice were treated with IKVAV, IKVAV-MSP, peptide or vehicle control. Functional improvement was assessed using modified Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan Scale (mBBB) and spinal cord segments were studied histologically 28 days after injury. IKVAV-MSP group scores increased significantly compared with control groups after 4 weeks of observation (p < 0.05). The number of protoplasmic astrocytes, neurons and muscle bundle size in the IKVAV-MSP mice were significantly increased (p < 0.001; p < 0.05 and p < 0.007; respectively). This study demonstrates that it is possible to promote functional recovery after SCI using bioactive IKVAV presenting cell membrane-spanning peptides. Lay abstract: A new potential treatment for spinal cord injury was tested in mice. Mice were treated with our membrane-spanning peptide with the IKVAV motif (IKVAV-MSP) or various control treatments. Functional improvement was assessed daily and spinal cord segments were evaluated after 4 weeks. IKVAV-MSP treatment significantly restored function compared with control groups, numbers of health nerve cells within the spinal cord were increased and muscles appeared healthier. This study demonstrates that it is possible to promote functional recovery after SCI using bioactive IKVAV presenting cell membrane-spanning peptides.