Browsing by Author "Toghyani M"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Modeling improvements in ileal digestible amino acids by a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant in broilers
    (Elsevier, 2022-03) Dersjant-Li Y; Bello A; Stormink T; Abdollahi MR; Ravindran V; Babatunde OO; Adeola O; Toghyani M; Liu SY; Selle PH; Marchal L
    Data from 13 datasets from 4 trials on the effect of a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant (PhyG) on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids (AA) in broilers were used to model AID AA responses. The datasets were obtained from 3 trial locations (New Zealand, Australia and United States) and collectively incorporated variations in diet composition (feedstuff composition, phytate-P (PP) level, limestone solubility), feed form (mash or pellet), bird genetics (strain), and age at sampling (11–35 d of age). In total, 384 observations were analyzed. First, the relationships between AID of AA (as coefficients) and increasing phytase dose level from 0 to 4,000 FTU/kg were evaluated across all datasets using exponential curve fitting. Second, the percentage unit change in AID of AA at each phytase dose level from baseline (basal diet [BD] without phytase) was calculated separately for each dataset and the data then modeled together using exponential curve fitting. The model-predicted mean coefficient of AID of total AA in basal diets was 0.76 (range 0.56 [Cys] to 0.83 [Glu]), which was increased by PhyG to 0.80 and 0.81 at 2,000 and 4,000 FTU/kg, respectively. Exponential increases in the percentage unit improvement in AID of 18 individual and of total AA with increasing phytase dose level were evident (P < 0.05). Improvements (vs. BD) at 2,000 FTU/kg and 4,000 FTU/kg, respectively, were greatest for Cys (+9.2 and +11.0% units), Met (after deduction of synthetic Met, +8.4 and +9.0% units), and Thr (after deduction of synthetic Thr, +6.2 and +7.3% units). The data demonstrated consistent improvements in the AID of AA by the phytase. The modeling results generated from data gathered from birds sampled at different ages and from different dietary settings with correction of synthetic AA for Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp, enabled a more accurate prediction of the digestible AA contribution from the diet by this novel phytase. This will allow diet-specific AA matrix recommendations to be made in commercial feed formulations.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Potential of field peas and faba beans as protein-rich alternatives for partial or full replacement of soybean meal in broiler chicken diets
    (Elsevier Inc on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc, 2026-01-01) Sadr VS; Macelline SP; Kim E; Toghyani M; Hamungalu O; Wester TJ; Barekatain R; Liu SY
    This study aimed to evaluate the potential of field peas (FP), faba beans (FB), and their combination to replace soybean meal (SBM) in broiler diets. Experimental diets were formulated to progressively replace SBM with FP, FB, or both across four feeding phases: starter (0–10 d), grower (10–24 d), finisher (24–35 d), and withdrawal (35–42 d). Each of the six dietary treatments was replicated 10 times, with 6 straight-run Ross 308 broiler chicks per replicate. Growth performance was monitored, and nutrient utilization was assessed. Protein and starch digestibility were measured at the distal jejunum and distal ileum, and the starch to protein (S:P) disappearance rate and ratios were calculated for each intestinal segment. Progressive replacement of SBM up to 55 % in the starter, 66 % in the grower, and 100 % in the finisher and withdrawal phases resulted in final BW and FCR that were statistically similar to the control SBM-based diets. However, complete replacement of SBM from the grower phase onward significantly reduced BW, FCR, and breast meat yield, particularly in birds offered diets based on FP (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on AME, AMEn, or the AME:gross energy ratio (P > 0.05). Diets containing FP, FB, or their combination significantly increased nitrogen retention and excreta dry matter, and reduced water intake (P < 0.05). No significant effects were observed on protein or starch digestibility or their disappearance rates at either the distal jejunum or distal ileum (P > 0.05). However, the inclusion of FP and FB significantly increased the S:P disappearance rate ratio in both intestinal segments (P < 0.05). These results indicate that both FP and FB can be used effectively only for partial replacement of SBM in broiler diets. While the increased S:P disappearance rate ratio suggests altered nutrient absorption dynamics and may explain the decline in performance of the birds fed high level of legumes, further investigation on underlying effects on intestinal functions is required.