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    Middle management supervisors in a statutory social welfare agency : a study of the views of senior social workers : a thesis for the degree of Master of Social Work
    (Massey University, 1980) Bowden, A. Roy
    This thesis is based on a study of senior social work supervisors in provincial offices of the Department of Social Welfare in the Central Districts region of New Zealand. Senior social workers are middle management supervisors who are expected by the organisation to administer, manage and support a team of social workers in the delivery of the services required of the department under statute. The Social Welfare Department's definition of the senior social worker's role is outlined and considered. The literature and theory surrounding the role of middle-management in organisations, including social service organisations, is reviewed. The approach to supervision by the social work profession and its theoretical assumptions are debated. To examine and understand the position of senior social workers in the department, a middle range theoretical perspective is adopted, using the dramaturgical views of Erving Goffman. A detailed analysis of personal interviews with senior social work supervisors in seven provincial offices is made in the light of the middle range theory. The findings reveal that while senior social workers experience satisfaction in the performance of their task, they have difficulty balancing the requirements of the agency as against those of the social workers they supervise. Suggestions for improvements in the preparation, training and support for senior social workers are set out in the final section.
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    Multiple holding : clinical supervision in the context of trauma and abuse : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work at Massey University
    (Massey University, 2007) Virtue, Claire
    The purpose of this study was to explore the supervision relationship in the context of trauma and abuse. Interviews with supervisors and supervisees were conducted with supervisees and supervisors not in a supervision relationship with each other. Ten interviews were conducted, including two pilot interviews. At the end of the individual interviews, the researcher facilitated two focus groups with participants. A qualitative methodology, grounded theory, was adopted because it is well suited for researching areas where little or no previous research has been undertaken. The findings of this study are that supervision cannot meet all the needs of supervisees working in the context of trauma. The core category that emerged is that of multiple holding. Multiple holding is a theoretical construct that describes supervisees accessing resources outside the supervision relationship as well as within it to support and hold them in their work with trauma. The supervisors also identified a 'chain of holding' that is a sub set of multiple holding supporting supervision practice, Multiple holding is fully explored in this study. The recommendations from the research are that training is needed for supervisors providing supervision in the context of trauma. Finally, the research supported the supervisee's autonomy in choosing a supervisor.