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Item Multi-scalar policy uptake of the six-dimensional food security framework(Elsevier Ltd, 2025-11-01) Clapp J; Moseley WG; Termine P; Burlingame BIn 2022, along with colleagues, we proposed a six-dimensional food security framework in a Food Policy viewpoint article that argued for the need to expand the commonly cited four pillar approach (availability, access, utilization and stability) by adding two additional dimensions: agency and sustainability. The proposal was not just for a new conceptual framework for scholarly analysis, but also for its application in policy settings. Over three years later, we are humbled to see widespread uptake of our call to embrace agency and sustainability as dimensions of food security in multiple tyles of policy settings at different scales. This brief policy comment outlines the growing recognition and application of the six-dimensional framework for food security in policy contexts from the global to the local level. We are hopeful that the growing application of this idea will help to make improvements in the global quest to end hunger.Item Chatting with DALL-E in a Postdigital Architectural Classroom(Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2025-07-10) Leibowitz V; Garduño Freeman C; Carvalho LTechnological innovations, and most notably the use of GenAI, have increasingly become part of the contemporary architectural classroom. Alongside such developments, numerous ethical dilemmas have emerged, around the pedagogical and social organisation of the learning spaces, as well as questions around how such innovations are shaping student learning activity and outcomes. With a focus on using GenAI as a co-creator in teaching and learning, this article explores the learning opportunities, compromises and challenges that emerged with the seamless integration of digital and analogue forces in a postdigital architectural classroom. The paper argues that the idiosyncrasies of human interpretation, responses and critique are an integral component of a creative, positive, and collaborative postdigital future.Item Review: The Five Domains model and promoting positive welfare in pigs(Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Animal Consortium, 2022-06-16) Kells NJPublic concern for the welfare of farm animals has increased over recent years. Meeting public demands for higher animal welfare products requires robust animal welfare assessment tools that enable the user to identify areas of potential welfare compromise and enhancement. The Five Domains model is a structured, systematic, and comprehensive framework for assessing welfare risks and enhancement in sentient animals. Since its inception in 1994, the model has undergone regular updates to incorporate advances in animal welfare understanding and scientific knowledge. The model consists of five areas, or domains, that focus attention on specific factors or conditions that may impact on an animal's welfare. These include four physical/functional domains: nutrition, physical environment, health, and behavioural interactions, and a fifth mental or affective state domain. The first three domains draw attention to welfare-significant internal physical/functional states within the animal, whereas the fourth deals with welfare-relevant features of the animal's external physical and social environment. Initially named "Behaviour" Domain 4 was renamed "Behavioural Interactions" in the 2020 iteration of the model and was expanded to include three categories: interactions with the environment, interactions with other animals and interactions with humans. These explicitly focus attention on environmental and social circumstances that may influence the animal's ability to exercise agency, an important determinant of welfare. Once factors in Domains 1-4 have been considered, the likely consequences, in terms of the animal's subjective experiences, are assigned to Domain 5 (affective state). The integrated outcome of all negative and positive mental experiences accumulated in Domain 5 represents the animal's current welfare state. Because the model specifically draws attention to conditions that may positively influence welfare, it provides a useful framework for identifying opportunities to promote positive welfare in intensively farmed animals. When negative affective experiences are minimised, providing animals with the opportunity to engage in species-specific rewarding behaviours may shift them into an overall positive welfare state. In domestic pigs, providing opportunities for foraging, play, and nest building, along with improving the quality of pig-human interactions, has the potential to promote positive welfare.Item Viewpoint: The case for a six-dimensional food security framework(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-01-12) Clapp J; Moseley WG; Burlingame B; Termine PThe definition of food security has evolved and changed over the past 50 years, including the introduction of the four commonly cited pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability, which have been important in shaping policy. In this article, we make the case that it is time for a formal update to our definition of food security to include two additional dimensions proposed by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition: agency and sustainability. We show that the impact of widening food system inequalities and growing awareness of the intricate connections between ecological systems and food systems highlight the importance of these additional dimensions to the concept. We further outline the ways in which international policy guidance on the right to food already implies both agency and sustainability alongside the more established four pillars, making it a logical next step to adopt a six dimensional framework for food security in both policy and scholarly settings. We also show that advances have already been made with respect to providing measurements of agency and sustainability as they relate to food insecurity.Item Knowing the honey bee : a multispecies ethnography : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Social Anthropology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand(Massey University, 2017) Luttrell, JordanMultispecies scholarship argues that the non-human has been relegated to the background of discussions about who and what inhabits and shapes the world. This thesis engages with this discussion as an experimental multispecies ethnography with honey bees in Manawatu, New Zealand. I aim to centre the honey bee in ethnography through engagement in the practice of fieldwork as well as the representation of the findings of this engagement. The honey bee is commonly known as an introduced, domesticated species, kept by humans in beehives in apiculture. This conceals the agency of the honey bee, rendering it passive, productive and compliant to the desires of humans, or in need of human intervention for survival. To view the agency of the bee I undertook embodied, performative ethnography, interviewing beekeepers and becoming one myself. My methodology, which was shaped by the bee, traced the networks that honey bees were enrolled in. Encounters were awkward, one-sided, and sometimes dangerous. The representation of honey bees demands an approach which attends to multiple, distinct accounts of honey bee worlds, because the bee is a lively agent, contributing to, experiencing, and communicating about the multiple networks in which it is engaged. As such, the findings of this thesis are presented in three accounts of encounters with honey bees. These accounts are distinct, capturing the honey bee in different networks, but are also distinct in their narrative styles, progressing from a description of honey networks in the spirit of Actor-Networks, to writing with honey bee narrator in poetry. Ethnographic representation is inevitably partial and an act of imagination. However, becoming sensitive to the ‘bee-ness’ of the bee; the waggle, hum and sting, and employing narrative inspired by the multisensory apiary, in other words, shaping representation with honey bees in mind, is an act of privileging honey bees in writing, and exploring what more can be said of, and with, the bee.