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    Posthuman Affirmative Business Ethics: Reimagining Human-Animal Relations Through Speculative Fiction
    (Springer Nature B V, 2022-07) Sayers J; Martin L; Bell E
    Posthuman affirmative ethics relies upon a fluid, nomadic conception of the ethical subject who develops affective, material and immaterial connections to multiple others. Our purpose in this paper is to consider what posthuman affirmative business ethics would look like, and to reflect on the shift in thinking and practice this would involve. The need for a revised understanding of human-animal relations in business ethics is amplified by crises such as climate change and pandemics that are related to ecologically destructive business practices such as factory farming. In this analysis, we use feminist speculative fiction as a resource for reimagination and posthuman ethical thinking. By focusing on three ethical movements experienced by a central character named Toby in Margaret Atwood's MaddAddam trilogy, we show how she is continually becoming through affective, embodied encounters with human and nonhuman others. In the discussion, we consider the vulnerability that arises from openness to affect which engenders heightened response-ability to and with, rather than for, multiple others. This expanded concept of subjectivity enables a more relational understanding of equality that is urgently needed in order to respond affirmatively to posthuman futures.
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    A Comprehensive Review on Critical Issues and Possible Solutions of Motor Imagery Based Electroencephalography Brain-Computer Interface
    (MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2021-03-20) Singh A; Hussain AA; Lal S; Guesgen HW; Tran Y
    Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interface (BCI) aims to provide a means of communication through the utilization of neural activity generated due to kinesthetic imagination of limbs. Every year, a significant number of publications that are related to new improvements, challenges, and breakthrough in MI-BCI are made. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the electroencephalogram (EEG) based MI-BCI system. It describes the current state of the art in different stages of the MI-BCI (data acquisition, MI training, preprocessing, feature extraction, channel and feature selection, and classification) pipeline. Although MI-BCI research has been going for many years, this technology is mostly confined to controlled lab environments. We discuss recent developments and critical algorithmic issues in MI-based BCI for commercial deployment.
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    A mirror with an imagination : an exegesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
    (Massey University, 2016) Hoyle, Tom
    The photographic work A Mirror With An Imagination consists of photographs made in a way consistent with the vernacular photographic tradition. However, their appearance is quite different to what might be expected from that tradition. The lack of worldly context in the images means that they present to the viewer as possibilities, to be completed by the imagination. The reason for this approach is explained by reference to the partial disconnect between the photographer's intentions and the viewing experience of the audience, as described by Roland Barthes in Camera Lucida (1981). An investigation into Barthes' thought leads to an ontological position espoused by Jean-Paul Sartre in L'Imaginaire (2004), in which he describes the photograph as a partial object with an ontological connection to its referent that nevertheless must be completed by the imagination of the viewer. This action allows for the subjectivity of the viewer to act upon the content of the photograph, as their particular experiences and memories influence what they add to the content of the image. In reflecting on this I identify the theme of the contingent nature of our experience – the sense of the arbitrariness of circumstance and that many things that are might not be, or might be different – as a definitive factor within this subjective action. I also identify that the ontological relationship between world and photograph means that photographs innately express this contingency. I then discuss making photographic work informed by these understandings, in particular the necessity of light in the photographic process and its strong relation to our imaginative metaphorical usage and also the idea of contingency. I continue to outline the choices made in producing this work with reference to the art photographic tradition; in particular the constructed work of Jeff Wall, indexicality as seen in Ed Ruscha and the Bechers, Andreas Gursky's engagement with art history and Hiroshi Sugimoto's conceptual use of light and approach to the sublime.
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    The genesis of organisational aesthetics
    (Massey University. Department of Management and International Business, 2006) Bathurst, Ralph
    Organisational aesthetics is a burgeoning field with a growing community of scholars engaged in arts-based approaches to research. Recent developments in this field have their origins in the works of early Enlightenment writers such as Vico, Baumgarten and Kant. This paper examines the contributions of these three philosophers and in particular focuses on Vico’s awareness of history and myth; Baumgarten’s notion of sensation and its relationship to rationality; and Kant’s investigations into form and content. By drawing on these ideas, the contemporary aesthetic researcher is informed by qualities such as an alert imagination, comfort with the chaotic, backward thinking, and attention to inner sensations and perceptions, which all work together to provide a coherent view of the organisation as a gestalt.