Connecting people : investigating a relationship between internet access and social cohesion in local community settings : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communication, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Loading...
Date
2009
DOI
Open Access Location
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Massey University
Rights
The Author
Abstract
The assumption that internet access is a means of building stronger communities is
commonly found in a number of sectors, particularly in New Zealand government social
services policy. In response to this assumed relationship between internet access and
social cohesion, the present multiple case study research project examined the experience
of free home internet access among families participating in New Zealand’s Computers in
Homes scheme in low socioeconomic school communities between 2003 and 2005. The
goal of the study was to assess how internet access and social cohesion are related in a
free home internet scheme.
Two propositions derived from a literature review underpinned the research goal: first, that
internet access leads to ongoing use, and second, that internet access is positively related
to social cohesion. The research was designed to test these propositions using a
qualitative, constructivist approach with a mixed methodology. The principal method was
interviews with adult Computers in Homes family members concerning their internet use
and their sense of belonging to, and involvement in, the local community, across two
waves of research about one year apart in two community settings. Additional data from
observation, interviews and meetings with school principals and key informants such as
Computers in Homes staff, provided context. Of thirty volunteer participants from among
available Computers in Homes parents at two sites, twenty-six respondents took part in
data collection at Time 1. Data from nine Case A and thirteen Case B participants
contribute to the results. Nine of the original group participated at Time 2 one year later,
seven from Case A and two from Case B.
Internet use declined across the group as a whole, a negative outcome mitigated by
positive experiences and individual success stories, and the emergence of ‘high-connector’
internet users. While evidence of social cohesion was found at both case study sites
initially, it was noticeably associated with the activities and interpersonal influence of
confident internet users at Case A where significantly greater retention of ongoing internet
use also occurred. A key finding of the study is therefore that ongoing internet use was
more successfully achieved in a setting where social cohesion was more readily apparent
at the time the free internet scheme was implemented. Thus a positive relationship existed
in this research between internet access and social cohesion in one case study of two,
where conditions included the presence of opinion leaders and social solidarity.
Opportunities for face to face social interaction and support such as are present in
Computers in Homes practice are potentially significant for ongoing internet use. The
Computers in Homes concept extends participants’ social experiences of community
through the way it is structured and implemented. In combination with the mobilising
behaviours of leader figures, these social experiences may be factors associated with
longer term viability of a free home internet scheme as much as the presence of the
internet itself. A range of significant barriers affecting individual internet users at home,
and larger obstacles such as confused accountability when external agencies are involved
in project management, is signalled in this research.
Recommendations aimed at increasing the benefits of a free home internet scheme in
terms of participant retention and social cohesion are proposed. Opportunities for further
research arise from this study, in clarifying the conditions associated with positive social
outcomes for internet interventions with a particular focus on the role of existing group
cohesion and leadership dynamics.
Description
Keywords
Internet access, Social cohesion, Internet and community, Computers (social aspects), New Zealand, Internet