• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Massey Documents by Type
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Massey Documents by Type
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Veterinary anthelmintics : their efficacy and effects on abomasal physiology : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science in Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology at Massey University

    Icon
    View/Open Full Text
    01_front.pdf (2.451Mb)
    02_whole.pdf (44.22Mb)
    Export to EndNote
    Abstract
    PART 1. A Review of the Veterinary Anthelmintic Literature A comprehensive review was undertaken of the pharmacology, efficacy, side effects and toxicity of veterinary anthelmintics used against nematode parasites. Anthelmintics reviewed for use in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, dogs and cats include copper, nicotine, arsenic, tetrachlorethylene, phenothiazine, diethylcarbamazine, piperazine, toluene, cyacethydrazide, bephenium, thenium, organophosphates, and methyridine. The review was limited to cattle for the benzimidazoles, pyrantel, morantel, tetramisole, levamisole, avermectin and milbemycins anthelmintics. Efficacy data is provided in a tabular format which classifies each anthelmintic according to method of administration and dose. PART 2 Efficacy of two formulations of moxidectin pour-on and the effects of treatment on serum pepsinogen and gastrin levels and tissue gastrin in cattle Three groups of eight yearling Friesian bulls were used to compare the efficacy of two 5 g/L pour-on formulations of moxidectin applied at 1 ml/10kg (500 mcg moxidectin per kg bodyweight) in removing naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites. At slaughter, 14-16 days after treatment, the burdens of Ostertagia spp. and Trichostrongylus axei were significantly lower in both the treated groups versus the controls (P<0.01). Anthelmintic efficacies (based on geometric mean worm burdens of treated and control groups) were all greater than 99.8% for Ostertagia spp. and Trichostrongylus axei in both treated groups compared with the controls. A significantly lower burden of adult Cooperia spp. was recorded for Formulation 1 (P<0.05). The anthelmintic efficacy of the two treatments against Cooperia adults, early L4 and late L4 were 96.25% (P<0.05), 97.31% and 91.08% respectively in calves treated with Formulation 1, and 71.44%, 67.14% and 64.29% respectively for calves treated with Formulation 2. Low numbers of large intestinal worms, Trichuris ovis and Oesophagostomum spp. in the control cattle precluded any valid efficacy assessment of these species. Based on these results, Formulation 1 is distinguished from Formulation 2 by its significantly greater efficacy against adult Cooperia spp. Serum pepsinogen and gastrin levels were monitored in the three groups of calves after treatment. All groups showed a steady decline in levels of both pepsinogen and gastrin until termination on day 14. On only one occasion was there a significant difference in serum pepsinogen between treated and untreated calves. Following treatment there was a more rapid and significant decrease in gastrin levels in calves treated with Formulation 1 than Formulation 2. At no stage was there a significant difference between the controls and calves treated with Formulation 2. There was no correlation between pepsinogen and gastrin levels for any of the groups. Neither was there a correlation between numbers of Ostertagia spp. and serum pepsinogen or gastrin. It is suggested that the decreases seen in the control group were due to lack of larval challenge and normal loss of adult worms resulting insufficient numbers to sustain a hypergastrinaemia. Gastrin concentrations were also measured in tissue samples from the pyloric antrum or the proximal duodenum. There was no significant difference in antral and proximal duodenal gastrin concentrations between the treatment and the control groups. Antral levels were between 1148- 1323 pM/g which were 25-35 times those found in duodenal tissue (32.3-50.9 pM/g).
    Date
    1998
    Author
    Whelan, Nicholas Charles
    Rights
    The Author
    Publisher
    Massey University
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10179/14394
    Collections
    • Theses and Dissertations
    Metadata
    Show full item record

    Related items

    Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

    • Icon
      Title:
      Who are the veterinary students of New Zealand?, &, do the demographic characteristics and attitudes of veterinary students influence the behaviour of dogs : thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Studies in Animal Behaviour at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 
      Author:
      Coombes, Rebecca Hean
      Date:
      2004
    • Icon
      Title:
      Multiple veterinary stakeholders' perspectives on important professionalism attributes for career success in veterinary clinical practice : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand 
      Author:
      Gordon, Stuart John Galt
      Date:
      2020
    • Icon
      Title:
      Being a veterinary student – What helps to sustain the veterinary school journey? 
      Author:
      Gordon, S; Yeung, PHY; Weston, J; Verryt, J; Dale, M
      Date:
      2016-08

    Copyright © Massey University
    | Contact Us | Feedback | Copyright Take Down Request | Massey University Privacy Statement
    DSpace software copyright © Duraspace
    v5.7-2020.1-beta1
     

     

    Tweets by @Massey_Research
    Information PagesContent PolicyDepositing content to MROCopyright and Access InformationDeposit LicenseDeposit License SummaryTheses FAQFile FormatsDoctoral Thesis Deposit

    Browse

    All of MROCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    View Usage Statistics

    Copyright © Massey University
    | Contact Us | Feedback | Copyright Take Down Request | Massey University Privacy Statement
    DSpace software copyright © Duraspace
    v5.7-2020.1-beta1