Are all sedentary behaviours equal? : different sedentary behaviours and indicators of disease risk : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
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Date
2019
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Massey University
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Abstract
There is evidence to suggest that sedentary behaviour has a negative impact on the risk of some non-communicable diseases, however associations differ within different contexts (e.g., leisure time, occupational). The current study examined the association between different types of sedentary behaviour and disease risk, in women, using objectively measured sedentary data.
Methods: The study was conducted in two parts. A validation study (n = 20) was conducted using direct observation and objective measurement of common sedentary behaviours (e.g., reclining, sitting and sitting typing) were used to classify sedentary behaviour into four categories: 1) lying down; 2) sitting (non-active); 3) sitting (active); and 4) standing. In a cross-sectional study (n = 348, age = 16-45 years) accelerometer-derived sedentary behaviour classifications were correlated with body composition, metabolic, inflammatory and blood lipid variables, from the women’s EXPLORE study.
Results: Participants spent an average of 7 hours 42 minutes per day in sedentary behaviour. Of the time spent sedentary, 58% was classified as non-active sitting and 26% as active sitting. Non-active sitting showed weak positive correlations with BMI (r = 0.244, p ≤ 0.001), body fat percent (r = 0.216, p ≤ 0.001), body mass (r = 0.236, p ≤ 0.001), waist:hip (r = 0.141, p = 0.009), fat mass (r = 0.241, p ≤ 0.001), insulin (r = 0.160, p = 0.003), leptin (r = 0.237, p ≤ 0.001), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.137, p = 0.010 and r = 0.135, p = 0.011), and weak negative correlations with HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.117, p = 0.031). Conversely, active sitting was weakly negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.300, p ≤ 0.001), body fat percent (r = -0.249, p ≤ 0.001), body mass (r = -0.305, p ≤ 0.001), waist:hip (r = -0.164, p = 0.002), fat mass (r = -0.320, p ≤ 0.001), insulin (r = -0.180, p = 0.001), leptin (r = -0.259, p ≤ 0.001), and a weak positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.115, p = 0.035).
Conclusion: The current study demonstrates a favourable association between active sitting and markers of disease risk. It provides a new focus for the development of public health initiatives and sedentary behaviour guidelines by showing that different types of sedentary behaviours might have different effects on markers of disease risk.
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Sedentary behavior, Health aspects, New Zealand, Sedentary women, Diseases