• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Massey Documents by Type
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Massey Documents by Type
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    An investigation into the effects of New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) on non-haem iron absorption : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Human Nutrition at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Icon
    View/Open Full Text
    01_front.pdf (548.7Kb)
    02_whole.pdf (2.668Mb)
    Export to EndNote
    Abstract
    The bioavailability of dietary non-haem iron can be influenced by the nutritional composition of a meal. Ascorbic acid and components within meat, fish and poultry, but particularly red meat and pork, all appear to enhance the absorption of non-haem iron when consumed together within a meal compared to other protein sources. However the promotion of red meat or pork is problematic due to their high saturated fatty acid content and alternative foods to red meat or pork that may enhance iron absorption such as oily fish or shellfish require further investigation. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of short-term and prolonged supplementation of New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) (NZGLM) on mucosal iron transport and iron retention. The mechanism(s) by which mucosal iron transport is affected during NZGLM supplementation was also investigated. When investigated in vitro, NZGLM and beef both enhanced iron absorption by a similar magnitude compared to egg albumin. The enhancing effect of NZGLM on iron absorption was repeatedly observed using two separate in vitro models; Caco-2 cells and mouse small intestine mounted on Ussing chambers. When investigated in iron-deficient mice, mucosal iron transport and extra-intestinal iron retention were significantly enhanced when an iron supplement was combined with NZGLM compared to egg albumin. Conversely, an inhibitory effect was observed when mice were supplemented with NZGLM for a prolonged period of time prior to consuming an iron supplement. The inhibitory effect of NZGLM was not associated with the dietary iron load. Prolonged NZGLM supplementation inhibits mucosal iron absorption by reducing brush border iron transport. The inhibitory effect of prolonged NZGLM supplementation was observed to be associated with its high calcium content; however other competitive nutrients such as copper, manganese or zinc may also contribute to the inhibitory effect. The main inhibitory effect is proposed to be calcium-stimulated DMT1 internalisation into cytosolic vesicles. This occurs after prolonged or repeated NZGLM supplementation. The findings of this study suggest that NZGLM enhances mucosal iron transport and distribution to extra-intestinal tissues when consumed as a single dose with an iron supplement. For this reason NZGLM may be an alternative iron absorption enhancer to red meat or pork with additional cardio-protective properties. Repeated NZGLM supplementation may reduce mucosal transport; therefore repeated NZGLM supplementation should be moderated in order to ensure that mucosal iron transport is not compromised.
    Date
    2014
    Author
    Stewart, Robin John Chrys
    Rights
    The Author
    Publisher
    Massey University
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10179/5764
    Collections
    • Theses and Dissertations
    Metadata
    Show full item record

    Copyright © Massey University
    | Contact Us | Feedback | Copyright Take Down Request | Massey University Privacy Statement
    DSpace software copyright © Duraspace
    v5.7-2020.1-beta1
     

     

    Tweets by @Massey_Research
    Information PagesContent PolicyDepositing content to MROCopyright and Access InformationDeposit LicenseDeposit License SummaryTheses FAQFile FormatsDoctoral Thesis Deposit

    Browse

    All of MROCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    View Usage Statistics

    Copyright © Massey University
    | Contact Us | Feedback | Copyright Take Down Request | Massey University Privacy Statement
    DSpace software copyright © Duraspace
    v5.7-2020.1-beta1