Effect of Caffeinated Chewing Gum on Maximal Strength, Muscular Power, and Muscle Recruitment During Bench Press and Back Squat Exercises

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dc.citation.volume17
dc.contributor.authorDing L
dc.contributor.authorLiu J
dc.contributor.authorMa Y
dc.contributor.authorLei T-H
dc.contributor.authorBarnes M
dc.contributor.authorGuo L
dc.contributor.authorChen B
dc.contributor.authorCao Y
dc.contributor.authorGirard O
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-29T21:29:35Z
dc.date.available2025-07-29T21:29:35Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-28
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on maximal strength, muscular power, and neural drive to the prime movers during bench press and back squat in resistance-trained men. Methods: Sixteen resistance-trained males participated in a double-blind, randomized trial, chewing either caffeinated gum (4 mg/kg) or placebo gum on two separate occasions, seven days apart. After chewing for 5 min, participants performed a maximal strength test followed by muscular power assessments at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM), completing with 3, 2, 1, and 1 repetition (s), respectively, for bench press and back squat. Surface electromyography data were recorded for each repetition. Results: Caffeinated gum did not significantly improve one-repetition maximum (1RM) for bench press (p > 0.05), but increased mean frequency (MF) and median frequency (MDF) in anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and biceps brachii (all p < 0.05) compared to placebo. For back squat, 1RM increased with caffeinated gum, along with higher MF and MDF in vastus medialis (all p < 0.05). Caffeinated gum also improved mean and peak velocities, and mean and peak power outputs at 25–75% 1RM during the bench press (all p < 0.05), along with elevated MDF in pectoralis major and biceps brachii (all p < 0.05). Similar improvements were seen in mean and peak velocities during the back squat at 25–90% 1RM (all p < 0.05), along with higher MF and MDF in vastus medialis and increased normalized root mean square activity in gluteus maximus (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Caffeinated chewing gum (4 mg/kg) enhanced muscular power (25–75% 1RM) in the bench press and improved maximal strength and muscular power (25–90% 1RM) in the back squat by increasing muscle recruitment in resistance-trained men.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.identifier.citationBarnes M. (2025). Effect of Caffeinated Chewing Gum on Maximal Strength, Muscular Power, and Muscle Recruitment During Bench Press and Back Squat Exercises. Nutrients. 17.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu17152455
dc.identifier.eissn2072-6643
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.number2455
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/73255
dc.publisherMDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.relation.isPartOfNutrients
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152455
dc.rights(c) The author/sen
dc.rights.licenseCC BYen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleEffect of Caffeinated Chewing Gum on Maximal Strength, Muscular Power, and Muscle Recruitment During Bench Press and Back Squat Exercises
dc.typeJournal article
massey.relation.uri-descriptionPublished version
pubs.elements-id501732
pubs.organisational-groupCollege of Health
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