Intergenic DNA sequences from the human X chromosome reveal high rates of global gene flow

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dc.contributor.authorCox M
dc.contributor.authorWoerner A
dc.contributor.authorWall J
dc.contributor.authorHammer M
dc.date.accessioned2010-11-30T01:52:09Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-06T22:26:19Z
dc.date.availableNO_RESTRICTION
dc.date.available2010-11-30T01:52:09Z
dc.date.available2016-03-06T22:26:19Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.descriptionResearch article
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND:Despite intensive efforts devoted to collecting human polymorphism data, little is known about the role of gene flow in the ancestry of human populations. This is partly because most analyses have applied one of two simple models of population structure, the island model or the splitting model, which make unrealistic biological assumptions.RESULTS:Here, we analyze 98-kb of DNA sequence from 20 independently evolving intergenic regions on the X chromosome in a sample of 90 humans from six globally diverse populations. We employ an isolation-with-migration (IM) model, which assumes that populations split and subsequently exchange migrants, to independently estimate effective population sizes and migration rates. While the maximum effective size of modern humans is estimated at \~{}10,000, individual populations vary substantially in size, with African populations tending to be larger (2,300-9,000) than non-African populations (300-3,300). We estimate mean rates of bidirectional gene flow at 4.8 x 10-4/generation. Bidirectional migration rates are \~{}5-fold higher among non-African populations (1.5 x 10-3) than among African populations (2.7 x 10-4). Interestingly, because effective sizes and migration rates are inversely related in African and non-African populations, population migration rates are similar within Africa and Eurasia (e.g., global mean Nm = 2.4).CONCLUSION:We conclude that gene flow has played an important role in structuring global human populations and that migration rates should be incorporated as critical parameters in models of human demography.
dc.identifier.citationCox, M. P., Woerner, A. E., Wall, J. D., & Hammer, M. F. (2008). Intergenic DNA sequences from the human X chromosome reveal high rates of global gene flow. BMC Genetics, 9(76). doi: 10.1186/1471-2156-9-76
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn1471-2156
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBioMed Central
dc.relation.isbasedonBioMed Central
dc.relation.isformatofhttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/9/76
dc.relation.isformatofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-9-76
dc.rights2008 Cox et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
dc.subjectGene flow
dc.subjectDNA
dc.subjectPopulation
dc.subjectMigration rates
dc.subject.otherFields of Research::270000 Biological Sciences::270200 Genetics::270203 Population and ecological genetics
dc.titleIntergenic DNA sequences from the human X chromosome reveal high rates of global gene flow
dc.typeJournal article
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