Evaluating a novel dietary diversity questionnaire to assess dietary diversity and adequacy of New Zealand women.
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Date
2021
Open Access Location
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Rights
CC BY 4.0
Abstract
Objectives
We sought to develop and evaluate the relative validity of a dietary diversity questionnaire (DDQ) that reflects food-group diversity, food variety, and micronutrient adequacy among New Zealand women.
Methods
A cross-sectional study included New Zealand women (Auckland based; ages 16–45 y, n = 101), completing a 7-d DDQ and 4-d weighed food record (reference method). The relative validity of the DDQ was evaluated by correlating nutritious and discretionary dietary diversity scores (DDSs; number of food groups) and food-variety scores (number of foods), calculated from both methods. The dietary mean adequacy ratio (MAR; micronutrient intakes relative to estimated average requirements) was calculated from the weighed food record and correlated to dietary diversity and food-variety scores from the DDQ to assess construct validity. Cross-tabulation was used to explore dietary diversity measures versus adequacy ratios. Significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
The median (interquartile range) DDSs (maximum 25) from the DDQ—23 (21–23)—and the weighed food record—18 (17–19)—were significantly correlated (rs = 0.33, P < 0.001), as were the food-variety scores (maximum 237)—respectively, 75 (61–87) and 45 (37–52) (rs = 0.22, P < 0.03). A mean (± SD) MAR of 0.94 ± 0.04 suggested a near-adequate diet, but one-third of foods consumed were from discretionary sources. Nutritious DDS was significantly correlated with MAR for micronutrients (rs = 0.20, P ≤ 0.05). An inverse trend was observed between discretionary DDS and MAR.
Conclusions
The DDQ is a quick, low-burden tool for describing nutritious and discretionary dietary diversity reflecting micronutrient adequacy in high-income settings. It requires further validation across different time frames, population groups, and settings.
Description
Keywords
Diet quality, Discretionary food, Food variety, Food-group diversity, High-income setting, Micronutrient adequacy, Nutritious food, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Eating, Female, Humans, Micronutrients, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult
Citation
Kruger R, Hepburn AJ, Beck KL, McNaughton S, Stonehouse W. (2021). Evaluating a novel dietary diversity questionnaire to assess dietary diversity and adequacy of New Zealand women.. Nutrition. 91-92. (pp. 111468-).