Caffeine Consumption Habits of New Zealand Tertiary Students

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dc.citation.issue5
dc.citation.volume13
dc.contributor.authorStachyshyn S
dc.contributor.authorAli A
dc.contributor.authorWham C
dc.contributor.authorKnightbridge-Eager T
dc.contributor.authorRutherfurd-Markwick K
dc.coverage.spatialSwitzerland
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-09T03:17:16Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-04T01:40:59Z
dc.date.available2021-04-28
dc.date.available2023-08-09T03:17:16Z
dc.date.available2023-09-04T01:40:59Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-28
dc.date.updated2023-08-08T23:29:16Z
dc.description.abstractAdverse effects associated with excessive caffeine consumption combined with increasing numbers and availability of caffeine-containing products are causes for concern. Tertiary students may be at increased risk of consuming excessive amounts of caffeine due to seeking caffeinated products with well-known wakefulness effects and cognitive benefits. This study explored caffeine consumption habits of New Zealand tertiary students (317; ≥16-years) using a previously validated caffeine consumption habits (CaffCo) questionnaire. Most (99.1%) regularly consumed caffeinated products, especially chocolate, coffee and tea, with coffee, tea and energy drinks contributing most to total caffeine intake. Median estimated caffeine intake was 146.73 mg·day-1, or 2.25 mg·kgbw-1·day-1. Maximum and minimum intakes were 1988.14 mg·day-1 (23.51 mg·kgbw-1·day-1) and 0.07 mg·day-1 (0.02 mg·kgbw-1·day-1), respectively. One-third (34.4%) of caffeine consumers ingested caffeine above the adverse effect level (3 mg·kgbw-1·day-1) and 14.3% above the safe limit (400 mg·day-1). Most caffeine consumers (84.7%), reported experiencing at least one 'adverse symptom' post-caffeine consumption, of which 25.7% reported effects leading to distress or negatively impacting their life. Experiencing 'adverse symptoms' did not, however, curtail consumption in the majority of symptomatic participants (~77%). Public health initiatives directed at tertiary students may be important to reduce potential caffeine-related harm.
dc.format.extent1493-
dc.identifierARTN 1493
dc.identifiernu13051493
dc.identifierhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33924957
dc.identifier.citationStachyshyn S, Ali A, Wham C, Knightbridge-Eager T, Rutherfurd-Markwick K. (2021). Caffeine Consumption Habits of New Zealand Tertiary Students.. Nutrients. 13. 5. (pp. 1493-).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu13051493
dc.identifier.eissn2072-6643
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10179/19905
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherMDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.relation.isPartOfNutrients
dc.rightsCC BYen_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectcoffee
dc.subjectenergy drink
dc.subjectready to drink
dc.subjectsafe limit
dc.subjectside effects
dc.subjecttea
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectCaffeine
dc.subjectChocolate
dc.subjectCoffee
dc.subjectCross-Sectional Studies
dc.subjectDiet
dc.subjectEnergy Drinks
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectNew Zealand
dc.subjectStudents
dc.subjectSurveys and Questionnaires
dc.subjectYoung Adult
dc.titleCaffeine Consumption Habits of New Zealand Tertiary Students
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id444880
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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