Endothelial function and insulin sensitivity during acute non-esterified fatty acid elevation: Effects of fat composition and gender

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dc.citation.issue6
dc.citation.volume25
dc.contributor.authorNewens KJ
dc.contributor.authorThompson AK
dc.contributor.authorJackson KG
dc.contributor.authorWilliams CM
dc.coverage.spatialNetherlands
dc.date.available2015-06
dc.date.available2015-03-05
dc.date.issued14/03/2015
dc.description.abstractBackground and aims We have reported that adverse effects on flow-mediated dilation of an acute elevation of non-esterified fatty acids rich in saturated fat (SFA) are reversed following addition of long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and hypothesised that these effects may be mediated through alterations in insulin signalling pathways. In a subgroup, we explored the effects of raised NEFA enriched with SFA, with or without LC n-3 PUFA, on whole body insulin sensitivity (SI) and responsiveness of the endothelium to insulin infusion. Methods and results Thirty adults (mean age 27.8 y, BMI 23.2 kg/m2) consumed oral fat loads on separate occasions with continuous heparin infusion to elevate NEFA between 60 and 390 min. For the final 150 min, a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp was performed, whilst FMD and circulating markers of endothelial function were measured at baseline, pre-clamp (240 min) and post-clamp (390 min). NEFA elevation during the SFA-rich drinks was associated with impaired FMD (P = 0.027) whilst SFA + LC n-3 PUFA improved FMD at 240 min (P = 0.003). In males, insulin infusion attenuated the increase in FMD with SFA + LC n-3 PUFA (P = 0.049), with SI 10% greater with SFA + LC n-3 PUFA than SFA (P = 0.041). Conclusion This study provides evidence that NEFA composition during acute elevation influences both FMD and SI, with some indication of a difference by gender. However our findings are not consistent with the hypothesis that the effects of fatty acids on endothelial function and SI operate through a common pathway. This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT01351324 on 6th May 2011.
dc.description.publication-statusPublished
dc.format.extent575 - 581
dc.identifierhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25921849
dc.identifierS0939-4753(15)00060-5
dc.identifier.citationNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2015, 25 (6), pp. 575 - 581
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.numecd.2015.03.004
dc.identifier.eissn1590-3729
dc.identifier.elements-id239495
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10179/13225
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.isPartOfNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
dc.subjectFatty acids
dc.subjectFlow-mediated dilatation
dc.subjectHyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp
dc.subjectInsulin signalling
dc.subjectNitric oxide
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectBiomarkers
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectBrachial Artery
dc.subjectCross-Over Studies
dc.subjectEndothelium, Vascular
dc.subjectEngland
dc.subjectFatty Acids, Nonesterified
dc.subjectFatty Acids, Omega-3
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectGlucose Clamp Technique
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInsulin
dc.subjectInsulin Resistance
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectSingle-Blind Method
dc.subjectTime Factors
dc.subjectUltrasonography
dc.subjectUp-Regulation
dc.subjectVasodilation
dc.subject.anzsrc11 Medical and Health Sciences
dc.titleEndothelial function and insulin sensitivity during acute non-esterified fatty acid elevation: Effects of fat composition and gender
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.notesNot known
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences
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