A cultural approach to music therapy in New Zealand : a Maori perspective : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music Therapy at Massey University, NZ School of Music, Wellington, New Zealand
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Date
2008
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Massey University
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Abstract
The main theme of this study is to form a culturally appropriate approach to music
therapy concepts from a Maori perspective that could be inclusive and accommodate
both Maori and Tauiwi (non-Maori) Rangatahi (adolescents) in health care settings. In
order to provide a descriptive account of the holistic aspects of introducing Maori
musical concepts in a music therapy setting a qualitative design was employed. The
study draws on my personal journal entries, an interview with Kaumatua (Maori
respected elders) regarding the appropriateness of introducing and altering traditional
Maori musicality to accommodate the patient’s needs and a case study involving the
Haka as a music therapy intervention strategy with a young Maori patient diagnosed
with schizophrenia.
My findings show that as a music therapist consultation with Kaumatua regarding
anything related to Maori cultural aspects was essential. I also found that when working
with a Maori Rangatahi who is immersed in Maori culture, it created an atmosphere of
containment, familiarity, enjoyment, engagement and an environment that facilitated the
achievement of therapeutic goals. Te Whare Tapa Wha Maori mental health model is
well suited as a music therapy assessment tool to the characteristics of the physical,
emotional, spiritual and family context of the Haka.
I also found that Tauiwi music therapists wishing to introduce cultural elements must
first learn about Maori culture and the people in order to confidently understand the
music. Tauiwi Rangatahi may also benefit from the introduction of Maori musicality as
a therapeutic means by being an inclusive member of the community and the positive
psychological effects. For example, Rangatahi benefited from learning the proper
pronunciation and meaning of the Haka, which in turn gave them a sense of
achievement. I also found that some Maori protocols fit well with the protocols of music
therapy, such as the beginning and endings with a hello and goodbye song.
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Keywords
Maori music, Tauiwi Rangatahi, Adolescents, Maori culture, Mental health