Dietary Fibre Intake, Adiposity, and Metabolic Disease Risk in Pacific and New Zealand European Women
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Date
2024-10-07
Open Access Location
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
Rights
(c) 2024 The Author/s
CC BY 4.0
CC BY 4.0
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To assess associations between dietary fibre intake, adiposity, and odds of metabolic syndrome in Pacific and New Zealand European women.
METHODS: Pacific (n = 126) and New Zealand European (NZ European; n = 161) women (18-45 years) were recruited based on normal (18-24.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2) BMIs. Body fat percentage (BF%), measured using whole body DXA, was subsequently used to stratify participants into low (<35%) or high (≥35%) BF% groups. Habitual dietary intake was calculated using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method, involving a five-day food record and semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood was analysed for glucose and lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was assessed with a harmonized definition.
RESULTS: NZ European women in both the low- and high-BF% groups were older, less socioeconomically deprived, and consumed more dietary fibre (low-BF%: median 23.7 g/day [25-75-percentile, 20.1, 29.9]; high-BF%: 20.9 [19.4, 24.9]) than Pacific women (18.8 [15.6, 22.1]; and 17.8 [15.0, 20.8]; both p < 0.001). The main source of fibre was discretionary fast foods for Pacific women and whole grain breads and cereals for NZ European women. A regression analysis controlling for age, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, energy intake, protein, fat, and total carbohydrate intake showed an inverse association between higher fibre intake and BF% (β= -0.47, 95% CI = -0.62, -0.31, p < 0.001), and odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84, 0.98, p = 0.010) among both Pacific and NZ European women (results shown for both groups combined).
CONCLUSIONS: Low dietary fibre intake was associated with increased metabolic disease risk. Pacific women had lower fibre intakes than NZ European women.
Description
Keywords
adiposity, dietary fiber, metabolic disease, obesity, socioeconomic factors, Humans, Dietary Fiber, Female, Adult, New Zealand, Adiposity, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Adolescent, Metabolic Syndrome, White People, Risk Factors, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies
Citation
Renall N, Merz B, Douwes J, Corbin M, Slater J, Tannock GW, Firestone R, Kruger R, Te Morenga L. (2024). Dietary Fibre Intake, Adiposity, and Metabolic Disease Risk in Pacific and New Zealand European Women.. Nutrients. 16. 19. (pp. 3399-).