Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a novel long-acting bupivacaine formulation for cornual nerve block in calves

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dc.citation.volume9
dc.contributor.authorVenkatachalam D
dc.contributor.authorKells N
dc.contributor.authorChambers P
dc.contributor.authorJacob A
dc.contributor.authorWard N
dc.contributor.authorSingh P
dc.contributor.editorSoto-Blanco B
dc.coverage.spatialSwitzerland
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-01T18:50:48Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-25T06:45:30Z
dc.date.available2022-12
dc.date.available2024-02-01T18:50:48Z
dc.date.available2024-07-25T06:45:30Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-01
dc.description.abstractLocal anesthetics are commonly used in farm animals to provide analgesia for painful procedures but can cause adverse effects at high systemic concentrations. The pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a long-acting sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) bupivacaine formulation following cornual nerve block in calves were compared to lidocaine. Fourteen calves were randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups (i) 5% Bupivacaine-SAIB (BUP-SAIB), n = 7; or (ii) 2% lidocaine (LID), n = 7. Cornual nerve block was performed, and duration of effective analgesia was evaluated by nociceptive threshold testing using a hand-held pressure algometer. Blood samples were collected at various time points and plasma concentrations were analyzed by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. The mechanical nociceptive thresholds showed that the novel formulation could desensitize the skin around the horn bud for 18.77 ± 8.88 h (range 8-36 h), compared to 0.79 ± 0.34 h (range 0.5-1.5 h) with lidocaine. The mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of bupivacaine was 152.03 (SD 37.34) ng/mL and its Tmax was 0.39 (SD 0.13) h. The half-life of elimination was 32.79 ± 11.00 h and the rate of clearance was 0.12 ± 0.03 L h-1. No toxicity signs were seen after treatment in either group. The novel formulation produced long-lasting analgesia of several times greater duration than that produced by lidocaine. This study showed that the safety and efficacy of the SAIB formulation justifies further studies in a larger population of animals.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.format.pagination1060951-
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36532336
dc.identifier.citationVenkatachalam D, Kells N, Chambers P, Jacob A, Ward N, Singh P. (2022). Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a novel long-acting bupivacaine formulation for cornual nerve block in calves.. Front Vet Sci. 9. (pp. 1060951-).
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fvets.2022.1060951
dc.identifier.eissn2297-1769
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn2297-1769
dc.identifier.number1060951
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/70808
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.1060951/full
dc.relation.isPartOfFront Vet Sci
dc.rights(c) 2022 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectcalves
dc.subjectcornual nerve block
dc.subjectefficacy
dc.subjectlong-acting bupivacaine formulation
dc.subjectpharmacokinetics
dc.titlePharmacokinetics and efficacy of a novel long-acting bupivacaine formulation for cornual nerve block in calves
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id458608
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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