Relationships between exercise, anger, hostility and resting blood pressure in women : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University

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dc.contributor.authorMadigan, Gina Therese
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-07T23:17:16Z
dc.date.available2016-08-07T23:17:16Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.description.abstractThe present study investigated relationships between exercise, emotions of anger and hostility, and resting blood pressure. The investigation was based on a notion of 'physicality' which suggests exercise may be a source of physical and emotional empowerment for women. Recent studies reveal significant associations between exercise, components of anger, and blood pressure. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible relationship between exercise and emotions, and the possible roles of exercise as a mediating, confounding, and moderating variable in relationships between anger, hostility and resting blood pressure. One hundred and four female university students completed a questionnaire which included a measure of exercise, the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale and Anger Expression Scale, and the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. Frequency of informal exercise was positively related to trait anger and anger temperament. Multiple regressions showed that exercise was not a mediating or confounding variable in relationships between anger, hostility and blood pressure. It did appear however, to moderate the relationship between anger expression and diastolic blood pressure. The effects of anger expression on blood pressure were also moderated by anger frequency and hostility. Blood pressure was not related to anger suppression or trait anger. It appeared that women who were more hostile were more likely to suppress their anger, as well as perceive situations as anger-provoking. Women who experienced anger frequently were more likely to use both modes of anger expression, while those women who perceived situations as anger provoking were more likely to suppress their anger only. The theoretical and methodological implications of the findings are discussed.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10179/8504
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMassey Universityen_US
dc.rightsThe Authoren_US
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_US
dc.subjectBlood pressureen_US
dc.subjectAngeren_US
dc.subjectPsychophysiologyen_US
dc.subjectWomenen_US
dc.subjectHealth and hygieneen_US
dc.subjectExerciseen_US
dc.titleRelationships between exercise, anger, hostility and resting blood pressure in women : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey Universityen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
massey.contributor.authorMadigan, Gina Thereseen_US
thesis.degree.disciplinePsychologyen_US
thesis.degree.grantorMassey Universityen_US
thesis.degree.levelMastersen_US
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Arts (M. A.)en_US
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