Host-parasite interactions during abomasal parasitism and potential roles for ES products : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

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dc.contributor.authorBüring, Wiebke
dc.date.accessioned2010-12-20T01:10:17Z
dc.date.availableNO_RESTRICTIONen_US
dc.date.available2010-12-20T01:10:17Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.description.abstractParasite excretory/secretory (ES) products are believed to play a role in the initiation of the host response to the abomasal parasites Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta. Both parasites inhibit and cause loss of the acid-producing parietal cells. Three days after transplantation of adult T. circumcincta into parasite-naive sheep, a subpopulation of their parietal cells no longer expressed the proton pump β-subunit, but still stained for Transforming Growth Factor-α, suggesting loss of the proton pump preceded cell death. To investigate the ability of parasites to modify the function of mammalian cells in vitro, HeLa, AGS and CaCo-2 cells were exposed to ES products. ES products vacuolated all three cells, causing the development of large numbers of small vacuoles, which differed in appearance from those produced by Helicobacter pylori bacterial toxin VacA or ammonia. The vacuoles were unlike those which develop in parietal cells in the parasitised abomasum. Neither lipids nor prostaglandins appeared to play a role in vacuolation and the vacuolating factor in vitro is likely to be a protein because of its heat and acid lability. Vacuolation occurred within one hour and was partially reversible. ES products were also able to cause cytoskeletal rearrangement and detachment of HeLa cells, similar processes to those caused by bacterial pathogens, which also disrupt tight junctions in mammalian cells. H. contortus ES products also disrupted tight junctions of CaCo-2 cell monolayers, a model cell system used for these studies. The increased epithelial permeability was associated with structural rearrangements of the tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1. This could explain protein loss and back-diffusion of pepsinogen into the blood, a marker of abomasal parasitism. Cell detachment and disruption of cell-cell adhesion in parasitised sheep may inhibit acid production by parietal cells, which cannot function when separated from adjacent cells. Increased permeability of the surface epithelium would allow parasite ES products to penetrate the mucosal barrier, causing further damage. This could also allow inhibition of parietal cells deeper in the abomasal glands and also allowing adult parasites living in the gastric lumen to modulate host immunity to enhance their survival.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10179/2019
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMassey Universityen_US
dc.rightsThe Authoren_US
dc.subjectSheepen_US
dc.subjectParasitesen_US
dc.subjectExcretory/secretory productsen_US
dc.subjectES productsen_US
dc.subjectHaemonchus contortusen_US
dc.subjectTeladorsagia circumcinctaen_US
dc.subject.otherFields of Research::300000 Agricultural, Veterinary and Environmental Sciences::300500 Veterinary Medicine::300508 Parasitologyen_US
dc.titleHost-parasite interactions during abomasal parasitism and potential roles for ES products : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealanden_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
massey.contributor.authorBüring, Wiebke
thesis.degree.disciplinePhysiology and Anatomyen_US
thesis.degree.grantorMassey Universityen_US
thesis.degree.levelDoctoralen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)en_US
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