C-DREEM: A framework for estimating the cost of earthquake-damaged buildings – A New Zealand study
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Date
2025-09-01
Open Access Location
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(c) The author/s
CC BY-NC-ND
CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Natural hazards created by earthquakes require an accurate post-earthquake cost estimation mechanism on the road to recovery. However, there are no identifiable accurate post-earthquake cost estimation mechanisms. This has led to major deviations between the initial and final construction costs. For example, the estimated cost of repair of the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence changed from 41 billion NZD to $53 billion NZD (adjusted for inflation). Previous research identified eleven factors that specifically impact post-earthquake cost estimation. The recognisable literature was unable to identify a post-earthquake cost estimation model that considers these factors. Therefore, this research aims to fill this gap by developing and validating the cost of damage repair (including refurbishment) and the Earthquake Estimation Model (C-DREEM) framework. The C-DREEM framework was developed based on previous literature and inputs from a development team that included eleven industry professionals. The developed framework was then verified through a focus group interview consisting of nine professionals. The research developed and verified a framework for cost estimation for earthquake damage repair work, C-DREEM, that impacts earthquake damage repair work. C-DREEM incorporates the factors affecting post-earthquake cost estimation and improves the speed and accuracy of post-earthquake cost estimations for damage repair work.
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Keywords
Cost estimation, New Zealand, Repair work, Earthquakes, Post-disaster reconstruction, Buildings
Citation
Kahandawa Appuhamillage R, Domingo N, Chawynski G, Uma SR. (2025). C-DREEM: A framework for estimating the cost of earthquake-damaged buildings – A New Zealand study. Journal of Building Engineering. 109.