The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital

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dc.citation.issue6630
dc.citation.volume387
dc.contributor.authorCostanza R
dc.contributor.authord'Arge R
dc.contributor.authorde Groot R
dc.contributor.authorFaber S
dc.contributor.authorGrasso M
dc.contributor.authorHannon B
dc.contributor.authorLimburg K
dc.contributor.authorNaeem S
dc.contributor.authorO'Neill RV
dc.contributor.authorParuelo J
dc.contributor.authorRaskin RG
dc.contributor.authorSutton P
dc.contributor.authorvan den Belt M
dc.date.available1997-05-15
dc.date.issued1997-05-15
dc.description.abstractThe services of ecological systems and the natural capital stocks that produce them are critical to the functioning of the Earth’s life-support system. They contribute to human welfare, both directly and indirectly, and therefore represent part of the total economic value of the planet. We have estimated the current economic value of 17 ecosystem services for 16 biomes, based on published studies and a few original calculations. For the entire biosphere, the value (most of which is outside the market) is estimated to be in the range of US$16–54 trillion (1012) per year, with an average of US$33 trillion per year. Because of the nature of the uncertainties, this must be considered a minimum estimate. Global gross national product total is around US$18 trillion per year.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.description.publication-statusPublished
dc.format.extent253 - 260 (8)
dc.identifierhttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v387/n6630/pdf/387253a0.pdf
dc.identifier.citationNature, 1997, 387 (6630), pp. 253 - 260 (8)
dc.identifier.elements-id115792
dc.identifier.issn0028-0836
dc.publisherNature publishing group
dc.publisher.urihttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v387/n6630/pdf/387253a0.pdf
dc.relation.isPartOfNature
dc.titleThe value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.notesNot known
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Humanities and Social Sciences
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