Applying the California net energy system to growing goats

dc.citation.issue2
dc.citation.volume3
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira IAMA
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida AK
dc.contributor.authorFernandes MHMR
dc.contributor.authorResende KT
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T19:58:00Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T19:58:00Z
dc.date.issued2019-06-25
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this review is to describe the main findings of studies carried out during the last decades applying the California net energy system (CNES) in goats. This review also highlights the strengths and pitfalls while using CNES in studies with goats, as well as provides future perspectives on energy requirements of goats. The nonlinear relationship between heat production and metabolizable energy intake was used to estimate net energy requirements for maintenance (NEm). Our studies showed that NEm of intact and castrated male Saanen goats were approximately 15% greater than female Saanen goats. Similarly, NEm of meat goats (i.e., >50% Boer) was 8.5% greater than NEm of dairy and indigenous goats. The first partial derivative of allometric equations using empty body weight (EBW) as independent variable and body energy as dependent variable was used to estimate net energy requirements for gain (NEg). In this matter, female Saanen goats had greater NEg than males; also, castrated males had greater NEg than intact males. This means that females have more body fat than males when evaluated at a given EBW or that degree of maturity affects NEg. Our preliminary results showed that indigenous goats had NEg 14% and 27.5% greater than meat and dairy goats, respectively. Sex and genotype also affect the efficiency of energy use for growth. The present study suggests that losses in urine and methane in goats are lower than previously reported for bovine and sheep, resulting in greater metabolizable energy:digestible energy ratio (i.e., 0.87 to 0.90). It was demonstrated that the CNES successfully works for goats and that the use of comparative slaughter technique enhances the understanding of energy partition in this species, allowing the development of models applied specifically to goat. However, these models require their evaluation in real-world conditions, permitting continuous adjustments.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.editionJune 2019
dc.format.pagination999-1010
dc.identifier.citationTeixeira IAMA, Almeida AK, Fernandes MHMR, Resende KT. (2019). Applying the California net energy system to growing goats. Translational Animal Science. 3. 2. (pp. 999-1010).
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/tas/txz021
dc.identifier.eissn2573-2102
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/71528
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherOxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science
dc.publisher.urihttps://academic.oup.com/tas/article/3/3/999/5382073
dc.relation.isPartOfTranslational Animal Science
dc.rights(c) 2019 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY-NC 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectcomparative slaughter
dc.subjectdegree of maturity
dc.subjectefficiency of utilization
dc.subjectmetabolizable energy
dc.subjectrequirements for growth
dc.subjectrequirements for maintenance
dc.titleApplying the California net energy system to growing goats
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id479089
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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