Genomic analysis of the 2017 Aotearoa New Zealand outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis and its position within the global population structure

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dc.citation.volume16
dc.contributor.authorBinney BM
dc.contributor.authorGias E
dc.contributor.authorFoxwell J
dc.contributor.authorLittle A
dc.contributor.authorBiggs PJ
dc.contributor.authorFrench N
dc.contributor.authorLambert CL
dc.contributor.authorHa HJ
dc.contributor.authorCarter GP
dc.contributor.authorGyuranecz M
dc.contributor.authorPardon B
dc.contributor.authorDe Vliegher S
dc.contributor.authorBoyen F
dc.contributor.authorBokma J
dc.contributor.authorKrömker V
dc.contributor.authorWente N
dc.contributor.authorMahony TJ
dc.contributor.authorGibson JS
dc.contributor.authorBarnes TS
dc.contributor.authorWawegama N
dc.contributor.authorLegione AR
dc.contributor.authorHeller M
dc.contributor.authorSchnee C
dc.contributor.authorPelkonen S
dc.contributor.authorAutio T
dc.contributor.authorHiguchi H
dc.contributor.authorGondaira S
dc.contributor.authorMcCulley M
dc.contributor.editorCloeckaert A
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-26T23:33:00Z
dc.date.available2025-08-26T23:33:00Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-23
dc.description.abstractIn 2017 an outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), an infectious agent of cattle, was identified in Aotearoa New Zealand. This study characterizes the genomic population structure of the outbreak in New Zealand and compares it with the known global population structure using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and genomic analysis. The New Zealand outbreak strain was MLST genotyped as ST21. A comprehensive collection of 840 genomes from the New Zealand outbreak showed a pattern of clonal expansion when characterized by MLST, core genome MLST (cgMLST) and whole genome MLST (wgMLST). A lineage of genomes was found with no in silico identifiable pta2 locus, a housekeeping gene used in the MLST scheme. We compared a sample set of 40 New Zealand genomes to 47 genomes from other countries. This group had 79 ST21 genomes and eight genomes that were single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants within the MLST loci of ST21. Two of the 47 international genomes showed signs of extensive unique recombination. Unique alleles in six genes were identified as present only in the New Zealand genomes. These novel variants were in the genes; haeIIIM encoding for cytosine-specific methyltransferase, cysC encoding for cysteinyl tRNA synthetase, era encoding for GTPase Era, metK encoding for S-adenosylmethionine synthase, parE encoding for DNA topoisomerase, and hisS encoding for histidine-tRNA ligase. This finding could be due to a population bottleneck, genetic drift, or positive selection. The same sample set of 40 New Zealand genomes were compared using MLST to 404 genomes from 15 other countries and 11 genomes without a known country. A FastBAPS analysis of 455 genomes showed a global population structure with 11 clusters. Some countries, such as Canada, Denmark and Australia contained both internally closely related genomes and some genomes that were more closely related to genomes found in other countries. Our results support the need for Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) as well as MLST genotyping in M. bovis outbreaks. They also support the importance of understanding the national and international movement patterns of cattle and their genetic material, as possible routes of transmission, when managing the spread of M. bovis.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.edition2025
dc.identifier.citationBinney BM, Gias E, Foxwell J, Little A, Biggs PJ, French N, Lambert C, Ha HJ, Carter GP, Gyuranecz M, Pardon B, De Vliegher S, Boyen F, Bokma J, Krömker V, Wente N, Mahony TJ, Gibson JS, Barnes TS, Wawegama N, Legione AR, Heller M, Schnee C, Pelkonen S, Autio T, Higuchi H, Gondaira S, McCulley M. (2025). Genomic analysis of the 2017 Aotearoa New Zealand outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis and its position within the global population structure. Frontiers in Microbiology. 16.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmicb.2025.1600146
dc.identifier.eissn1664-302X
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.number1600146
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/73424
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.
dc.publisher.urihttp://frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1600146/full
dc.relation.isPartOfFrontiers in Microbiology
dc.rights(c) 2025 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMycoplasma bovis
dc.subjectmultilocus sequence typing (MLST)
dc.subjectwhole genome MLST
dc.subjectcore genome MLST
dc.subjectoutbreak
dc.subjectgenomic epidemiology
dc.titleGenomic analysis of the 2017 Aotearoa New Zealand outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis and its position within the global population structure
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id502709
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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